People often donate their older, outdated computer models to thrift stores or sell them to consignment stores. Some repair shops may have vintage computers that have been resting in storage rooms for extended periods of time. Although pawn shops are less likely to pay for outdated computers provided by patrons, they may acquire vintage computers specifically for selling to collectors. In some cases, store clerks in thrift shops, consignment stores, surplus, or repair shops will lower the prices of computers if they have had them in stock for long periods of time. Ask the store clerks specifically when sales will occur. This will allow you to revisit the store when sales occur, and purchase the vintage computers at lower prices.

Summary: Look for vintage computers at thrift and consignment stores. Search for vintage computers at electronic repair or surplus shops. Consult pawn stores regarding vintage computers. Consult with store clerks regarding bargain prices.


Use the hardware supplied in your spotlight kit to mount the light in the location of your choosing.  If it was designed to be mounted on your roof, it may have come with a strip of weather proofing material to prevent water from leaking through your roof where the holes are drilled.  If it did not, you may want to put silicone in and around the holes as you bolt the light into place to create a waterproof seal.  If you choose to mount the light on your mirror, you will not need to use any weather proofing. Mounting a spotlight on a light bar or otherwise attached bracket will also require no drilling or weather proofing. Secure the switch on your dashboard in place by drilling a hole through the trim and sliding the switch through it from behind.  This will leave only the switch visible, with the rest behind the trim.  Place the screw on cap over the switch, with the switch itself sticking out through it, then screw it in place to hold the switch against the trim.  If you choose to use a button instead of a switch, it will mount in the same way. Ensure the switch is someplace easy to access without looking to be able to use the light while you drive. Run a black wire from one of the three prongs on the switch to a bolt on the body or frame of the vehicle just as you grounded the relay under the hood.  Make a loop with the exposed end of the wire and wrap it around a bolt.  Tighten the bolt back into place once completed. The switch needs its own ground and power source to function properly. Locate the fuse box on the driver’s side of the cabin of your vehicle.  Identify a fuse that powers an electronic device that only functions when the vehicle is running, such as the radio, headlights or turn signals.  Remove the fuse and insert and “add-a-circuit” or standard blade fuse holder with a wired pigtail hanging off that you can connect the wire from the switch.  This will prevent the spotlight from working when the vehicle is not running.  Be sure to put a fuse in the fuse holder to power the switch. Check the instructions for the spotlight and ensure you use a fuse rated for the amperage needed for the light to function. With everything wired, reconnect the battery and tuck the wiring away so it isn’t visible.  Use zip ties under your dashboard to secure any extra wire up beneath the dash so you can’t accidentally catch it with your feet or a pedal.  Run any wiring on the exterior of your vehicle along edges until you can tuck it under or between panels of the body to keep it from being visible.  Reconnect the battery and test your new spotlight. If the light fails to turn on, ensure none of the wires have been pulled off their terminals or been crimped to interrupt the flow of electricity.

Summary: Drill the mounting holes for the spotlight. Mount the switch in the dashboard. Ground the switch. Run a wire from the switch to a switched power source. Tuck up and secure the wiring.


The number’s square root is a number that, when multiplied by itself, equals the first number. Another way of saying this is: “What can we multiply by itself to get the number in question?”  For example, the square root of 1 is 1 because 1 multiplied by 1 equals 1 (1X1=1). However, the square root of 4 is 2 because 2 multiplied by 2 equals 4 (2X2=4). Think of the square root concept by imagining a tree. A tree grows from an acorn. Thus, it’s bigger than but related to the acorn, which was at its root. In the above example, 4 is the tree, and 2 is the acorn. Thus, the square root of 9 is 3 (3X3=9), of 16 is 4 (4X4=16), of 25 is 5 (5X5=25), of 36 is 6 (6X6=36), of 49 is 7 (7X7=49), or 64 is 8 (8X8=64), of 81 is 9 (9X9=81), and of 100 is 10 (10X10=100). To find the square root of a whole number, you could also divide the whole number by numbers until you get an answer that is the same as the number you used to divide the whole number.  For example: 16 divided by 4 is 4. And 4 divided by 2 is 2, and so on. Thus, in those examples, 4 is the square root of 16, and 2 is the square root of 4. Perfect square roots do not have fractions or decimals because they involve whole numbers. Mathematicians use a special symbol called the radical to indicate square root. It looks like a check mark with a line across the top going to the right.  N equals the number whose square root you are trying to find. It goes inside the check mark symbol.  Thus, if you are trying to find the square root of 9, you should write a formula that puts the "N" (9) inside the check mark symbol (the "radical") and then present an equal sign and the 3. This means the “square root of 9 equals 3.”
Summary: Figure out the perfect square root using multiplication. Use division to find the square root. Use the right symbols for square root.