Japan alone has over 100 varieties of cherry trees. They are also commonly seen at cherry blossom festivals around the United States, and they are designed to have very showy flowers.  Japanese cherry blossoms are as large as carnations. Kwanzan cherry trees produce white or pink double blooms, and Yoshino cherry trees produce white single blooms. Japanese cherry trees do not produce fruit. They are grown for their beauty, not their bounty. These trees are native to North America. They can grow very large and they are usually quite straight. Their flowers are smaller and white.  The flowers will appear in long narrow clusters after the leaves come out in the spring. If you see orange colored fuzz along the midrib of various leaves, it’s probably a black cherry tree. Otherwise, it’s likely a chokecherry. These trees are used to produce the cherries sold commercially. Sometimes these trees are called sweet cherry or sour cherry trees. They have small, white flowers with 5 petals that bloom before the leaves grow completely in the early spring. Sweet cherry trees have more leaves than sour cherry trees. Sweet cherry trees have leaves with more than 8 pairs of veins for each leaf. Sour cherry tree leaves have fewer than 8 pairs of veins per leaf. People often mistake plum trees for cherry trees, especially when they start blossoming. Here are the main distinctions:  Cherry trees' smell is faint, if not non existent. Plum trees are fragrant. Cherry blossoms have clefts at the tips of the petals, while plum blossoms are oval.  Cherry tree bark has horizontal lines. Plum blossom bark is darker than cherry tree bark and does not have horizontal lines. Cherry buds are oval. Plum buds are round. Cherry tree leaves are green or copper. Plum leaves are purple.

Summary: Identify Japanese cherry trees. Identify black cherry or choke cherry trees. Identify agricultural cherry trees. Distinguish between plum and cherry trees.


If you want to work in the U.S., you can find a listing of residency and fellowship programs on the ABCP website, as well as tips for becoming a successful pharmacologist. If you live outside the United States, look for a similar professional board to find residency or fellowship opportunities in pharmacology. To get the proper credit for your residency or fellowship training, the program typically must be accredited by a national medical board. Check the accreditation of any programs that spark your interest.  Read up on the programs and their reputations before you commit to any particular one. Find the program that you think will best prepare you for the career you want in your particular specialty. You also want to pay attention to location. If you already know where you want to live and work, it makes sense to do your residency there. Once you've chosen programs that interest you, complete the application process. Typically you'll need to send full transcripts and reference letters in addition to the application form.  Most residency programs will want to have an in-person interview with you before they admit you into the program. Start the application process as early as possible so you have plenty of time to interview, especially if you have other demands on your time. Residency programs typically last two or three years, depending on your specialty. Some may last as long as four years. After you've finished your residency, you may want to complete fellowship training to gain further experience in your chosen specialty. Fellowship training also may be necessary if you want to be certified in a particular specialty.  To find fellowship training programs, look on the website of your national medical board. You can also talk to pharmacologists you know to find out what they recommend. Fellowship training typically takes an additional one to two years beyond your residency. After you satisfactorily complete your residency and any other training programs, you may have additional testing before you have the licenses or certifications you need to work as a pharmacologist.  Some countries may require licensing if you want to practice as a pharmacologist. You may have to take skills or knowledge tests. You typically have to pay a fee and prove you meet the eligibility requirements (such as education), as well as a background test. Even if you aren't required to be licensed, certifications can increase your job prospects, particularly in narrow specialties. In addition to certifications, membership in professional societies and organizations will help you keep up-to-date with trends in pharmacology as well as giving you the opportunity to network with other pharmacologists.

Summary: Visit the website of the American Board of Clinical Pharmacology (ABCP). Find an accredited program. Apply for a residency in your specialty. Apply for additional fellowship training. Earn certification.


It’s easy to get carried away when pruning, but removing too much of a tree can cripple its ability to bear fruit. Take a good look at your tree before starting, so that you’ll be able to estimate what a 20% pruning should look like. Pruning over the course of several days can also help to keep you in check. Most of the best fruiting sites on a citrus tree lie on the outermost branches. If you cut more than 20% of these, you are cutting prime fruit bearing branches, even if by accident. Take a step back and focus on the overall shape of your tree. Look for branches that are poking out from the canopy in an unsightly or obvious way. Target branches that block your walking path around the tree. On the top of the tree, trim back branches that bend over in a u-shape. Gardeners also call these types of branches “leggy.” If your tree has “legs,” then it has long branches in need of trimming. When branches touch the soil or ground, they can rot or become a superhighway for pests. They also stop air from moving around the trunk, which can cause disease. Trim back low branches until they are at least 3 feet (0.91 m) off the ground.  For low canopy branches, you can sever them at any point. Just make sure that you keep your cuts clean without rough ends. Trim your branches high enough off the ground, so that the leaves will not get wet from water splashes from rain or water sprinklers. Adult wasps like to lay eggs deep inside the new stems of citrus trees. As the larvae grow, a “gall” forms where the stem begins to balloon outwards. Use your shears to snip these branches away from your trees. Gather and burn the branch clippings or place them in a sealed plastic bag.  If you see a number of tiny holes on a gall, the wasps have already come out of the stem. You can still snip off these spots or leave them alone. In most locations, you’ll need to remove these galls prior to the start of August. Pull aside the outer branches and peer into the interior area of the tree. Scan the branches and look for diseased or damaged areas. Broken or split branches, limbs that are rotting, and spots with fungus are all potentially breeding grounds for additional pests and diseases. Clip them away from the tree. As you look into the interior of the tree, you might notice some branches being fully or partially supported by others. This overcrowding limits airflow around the trunk of the tree and can weaken the tree’s overall structure. Prune them away close to the trunk. These are strong, green branch growths that shoot upwards from the lower trunk of trees. Trim them off at the base. If let alone, these watershoots will suck vital nutrients from your tree. Vertical shoots won’t produce fruit. You’ll get your best produce from horizontal branches.

Summary: Aim to remove 20% of the total canopy. Focus on the long, gangly branches. Remove any low-lying “skirting” branches. Cut out any swollen stems. Cut out any dead or diseased wood. Cut out any wood laying on top of one another. Trim back watershoots in young trees.


Once the device has booted up again, look into your home screen and find the SuperSU app. If it isn’t there, it is likely that it is in your App Drawer. Congratulations! You have rooted your TF700 successfully.
Summary: Find the SuperSU app.