INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Try to drink from only one spot along the rim of the wine glass. Doing so can improve the scent and appearance of your wine.  If you sip from too many different places along the rim of the glass, the excess contact can actually taint the scent of the wine. Since scent and taste are closely linked, this could also degrade the taste of the wine. Additionally, your lips leave a print on the glass like your fingers do, even if you aren't wearing lipstick, balm, or gloss. Sipping from only one spot makes the top of your glass look cleaner. As you go to take a sip of your wine, direct your gaze into your glass instead of focusing on another person or object.  Looking at someone else as you sip your wine is considered especially impolite. This is true regardless of whether or not you're in active conversation with anyone. On the other hand, you should maintain eye contact with someone when making a toast. Lock eyes with whomever clinks glasses with you. Doing so is polite, and superstition holds that failing to do so can mean seven years of bad luck. When checking the scent of a particular wine, tilt the glass slightly and place your nose directly inside. Alternatively, you could hold your nose roughly 1 inch (2.5 cm) away from the top of the glass instead of sticking it directly inside. Some people are able to detect more of the scent by doing it this way while others prefer the traditional technique. Either way is socially acceptable, though.

SUMMARY: Sip from the same spot. Look into your glass as you drink. Hold the glass directly to your nose when smelling.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Most MU charts have at least these three columns. There may sometimes be more, but these display the most crucial information. Typically, these are arranged from left to right. Note that the column headers will not always match these exactly. For example, the "Quantity" column may be labeled "Items bought," "Units purchased," or something similar. The important thing is the information in the column. A "classic" MU chart is often used to demonstrate that, as a consumer buys more of a certain good, the desire to purchase even more goods will drop. In other words, after a point, the marginal utility of each additional good purchased will start to decrease. Eventually, the consumer will start to be less satisfied overall than before buying the additional goods. In the example chart above, this trend of diminishing returns starts almost immediately. The first ticket to the film festival provides lots of marginal utility, but each ticket after the first gives a little less. After six tickets, each extra ticket actually has a negative MU, which decreases the total satisfaction. An explanation for this might be that, after six visits, the consumer starts to get tired of seeing the same movies again and again. This is the point where marginal price exceeds MU. A marginal utility chart makes it easy to predict how many units of goods a consumer will buy. As a reminder, consumers tend to buy goods until the marginal price (the cost of one more unit of the goods) is greater than the MU. If you know how much the goods being analyzed in the chart cost, the point where utility is maximized is the last row where MU is higher than the marginal cost.  Let's say that the tickets in the example chart cost $3 each. In this case, utility is maximized when the consumer buys 4 tickets. The next ticket after this has an MU of $2, which is less than the marginal cost of $3. Note that utility isn't necessarily maximized when the MU starts to become negative. It's possible for goods to give some benefit to the consumer without being "worth it." For instance, the fifth ticket in the chart above still gives $2 worth of MU. This isn't a negative MU but it still decreases the total utility because it's not worth the cost. Once you have the three "core" columns above, it becomes easy to get more numerical data about the model situation the chart is analyzing. This is especially true if you're using a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel that can do the math for you. Here are two types of data you may want to put in extra columns to the right of the three used above:  Average Utility: The total utility in each row divided by the quantity of goods purchased.  Consumer Surplus: The marginal utility in each row minus the product's marginal cost. It represents the "profit" in terms of utility the consumer gets from buying each product. It is also called "economic surplus."

SUMMARY: Assign columns for quantity, total utility, and marginal utility. Look for a trend of diminishing returns. Determine Maximum Utility. Use the chart data to find additional information.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: There are many scar removal products available that may help to reduce the appearance of acne scars. You can apply these before you apply your makeup. For best results, look for a product that:  Contains sunscreen, to protect your skin from sun damage. Hypoallergenic, to reduce the chance of an allergic reaction. Non-comedogenic, so it won’t clog your pores and give you an acne outbreak. Contains extra ingredients to help reduce the appearance of scars, such as vitamin C, kojic acid, arbutin (also known as bearberry extract), or licorice. Take a close look at your scars under bright light and examine what colors they have and how they differ from the rest of your skin. You can make them less obvious by applying the opposite color.  For example, you can neutralize a red scar with a touch of green concealer, hide a purple blemish with a tiny bit of yellow, or make raised scars look smoother, by shading them slightly darker than the surrounding skin. This will make them appear to stand out less. Brands that work well for acne scars include: Kryolan Concealer Wheel, Ben Nye Concealer Cover-All Wheel, Laura Geller Real Deal Concealer and Clinique Even Better Concealer. Layering your makeup can also help to reduce the appearance of scars. Try starting with a moisturizer, then apply your concealer, then your foundation, and then a little more concealer to cover any scars that still stand out. You can also set your makeup with a powder foundation.  If you have a lot of damage, you might try water-free foundations that stay on for a long time and provide complete coverage. The color must match your skin tone, or it will be obvious that you are wearing heavy makeup. You can either purchase a ready-made color or have a color blended just for you at a cosmetics counter in a department store. When you are done, it should not be possible to tell where the foundation starts and stops. Use this method by:  Putting dots of foundation on your cheeks, forehead, nose and chin. You can also apply concealer in a criss-cross fashion.  Smooth it into your skin with your fingers. Rubbing in circles works best. Go all the way up to your hairline and below your jaw. Smooth streaks with a brush or sponge. Let it set for 5 minutes.

SUMMARY:
Look for a scar removal formula. Use color theory to hide individual scars. Layer your makeup. Apply the foundation with the dab-and-blend method.