In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: The lead time is the time from when you decide to produce or order an item until the time at which the item is on hand and ready for sale to the end customer. There are several factors that can cause lead time to vary:  Production delays — If your own production process is variable, this may impact the lead time. In addition, the production process of the products you are ordering may vary. Material defects — If you order 10 units and 2 are defective, you will have to wait for the additional 2 units. Delivery delays — Shipping times can be expected to vary slightly at the best of times, and unexpected events like natural disasters or strikes can further delay delivery. To do so, you will need to adjust your standard deviation of demand to match the lead time period. Multiply your standard deviation of demand (calculated in Part I, step 4) by the square root of the lead time.  This means if you calculated standard deviation on a monthly basis, and lead time was 2 months, you would multiply the standard deviation by the square root of two. Using our previous example, this means: 11 x √2 = 15.56. Make sure to convert lead time to the same unit of time measure that you used to determine standard deviation of demand. For example, if you calculated standard deviation on a monthly basis and lead time was 10 days, you would want to convert lead time to .329 months — i.e. 10 divided by 30.42 (the average days in a month). We can combine formulas to determine safety stock based on demand with lead time factored in as follows:  Safety stock = Z-score x √lead time x standard deviation of demand In our example, to avoid stockouts 95% of the time, you would thus need 1.65 (the Z-score) x √2 (lead time) x 11 (standard deviation of demand) = 25.67 units of safety stock. If demand is constant but lead time variable, then you will need to calculate safety stock using the standard deviation of lead time. In this case, the formula will be:  Safety stock = Z-score x standard deviation of lead time x average demand For example, if aiming for a Z-score of 1.65, with average demand constant at 20 units per month, and lead times over a six month period being 2, 1.5, 2.3, 1.9, 2.1, and 2.8 months, then Safety Stock = 1.65 x .43 x 20 = 14.3 units. If lead time and demand vary independently of one another (i.e. the factors leading to variance are different for each), then safety stock is the Z-score multiplied by the square root of the sum of the squares of demand and supply variability, or:  Safety stock = Z-score x √[(lead time x standard deviation of demand squared) + (standard deviation of lead time squared x average demand squared)] In our example: safety stock = 1.65 x √[(2 x 11squared) + (.43 x 20)squared] = 29.3 units. That is, if the same factors impact lead time and demand variability, you will need to sum the individual safety stock calculations in order to assure yourself of adequate safety stock. In this case:  Safety stock = (Z-score x √lead time x standard deviation of demand) + (Z-score x standard deviation of lead time x average demand) In our example: safety stock = 25.67 + 14.3 = 39.97 units.
Summary: Factor in lead time to account for supply variability. Sync your stock with your supply delivery cycle. Put it all together. Calculate safety stock differently if lead time is the primary variable. Use a third equation to account for independent variation in both lead time and demand. Sum the calculations based on lead time and demand variability if the two factors vary dependently.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: You may want to use a safety pin to do this, but you could also use a decorate pin or brooch.  Pin the brooch on the shoulder or chest. Or fasten the two ends of the cloth or sheet with a brooch, safety pin or knot. The brooch can be in any color, and could even contain bright jewels. Romans were not supposed to pin or sew their togas. If you use a more slippery fabric, though, you will have to do so or it will fall down. The woolen fabric of a traditional Roman toga did not have much stitching or sewing. There also weren't button holes. Finish off the look with a cord or rope belt. Usually, this belt should match the color of the toga, most commonly white. Only free Roman citizens could wear the toga. In the old days, togas were worn over naked bodies, but later they were worn over tunics and tied at the waist with a belt.  Roman undergarments consisted of a simple loin cloth that was knotted on both sides. The undergarments had different names. Women also wore a band that was tightly tied across their bust. Undergarments were generally made of linen. As undergarments, it's best to wear a plain white T-shirt and white or flesh colored underwear. The Romans wore short-sleeved wool tunics under their togas. You're not going to look very authentic if you pair your Roman toga with a pair of high heels or sneakers!  Roman men wore leather boots or sandals. The boots were designed to outlast the rigors of marching, and the sandals were commonly worn for comfort in the summer. You can find Roman sandals or boots for purchase on many sites online. Roman sandals typically had lacing up the calf.  Leather cords or braids attached the sole of the sandal to the leg. There were many different kinds of sandals.  Roman shoes were generally made out of leather and sometimes out of pigskin. Romans who were very wealthy or high in status would dye their sandals red. You could carry a shield. Some people have used hub caps!
Summary:
Secure the sheet on your left shoulder. Wear the right undergarments. Wear the right footwear.