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Your sunscreen for a day at the beach versus a quick 15 minute walk doesn’t have the same requirements. For prolonged sun exposure, which you should try to avoid, make sure to use a higher SPF and to reapply often. There’s no need to go above SPF 50, but make sure it is broad spectrum to guard against all UV rays. For a lighter sunscreen, you can go as low as SPF 15 if you will only be out in the sun for a few minutes. To limit your sun exposure, try taking breaks. For example, if you are going to the beach for a day, spend an hour swimming and then go inside somewhere to eat lunch and reapply sunscreen. Look for a water-resistant sunblock if you plan on being in the water or if you sweat a lot. It can take about 80 minutes for a water-resistant sunblock to wash off of you. A water-resistant sunblock will ensure that you have protection from the sun even when you are enveloped in water. If you won’t be exposed to water, consider other factors of your activities, such as altitude. If you are high in the mountains skiing or hiking, you will need a higher SPF because of increased sun exposure, even if it’s cold out! Another factor to keep in mind is your location. If you are in Mexico versus Canada, your sun exposure will be quite different! Protect yourself accordingly. While all skin types benefit from sunscreen, fair skin can be especially cancer prone. If your skin is light, use a stronger sunscreen like broad spectrum SPF 50. But even if you tan easily or have very dark skin, you are still at risk for sun damage! Just because you don’t burn, doesn’t mean your skin is safe. Protect yourself by using a lower SPF. Certain skin types are more at risk for skin cancer. Fair skin with light hair or red hair tends to be most at risk for sunburns and cancer. Be especially careful if any family members have had skin cancer. Make sure to protect yourself with appropriate sunscreen and other protective measures such as dark clothing. This is especially important for young kids. It is not recommended that children use sunscreen sprays, sunscreens with oxybenzone, or sunscreens containing nanoparticles. Sunscreens with metal oxides such as zinc and titanium are safest. Find ones that are broad spectrum for best UV protection. Use SPF 30-50 for safe, quality protection. For very young kids, those under 6 months old, sunscreen is not recommended. Instead protect them by keeping them in the shade, limiting their sun exposure, and having them wear a hat and protective clothing. If you know of ingredients that irritate your skin, definitely avoid those in sunscreen. If your skin is acne-prone, look for oil-free sunscreens. If you aren’t sure whether a sunscreen will irritate you, try applying a little bit on a small area before applying it to your whole body. Wait a few minutes and if any irritation occurs, you know not to use it. Additionally, fruit and nut extracts and fragrances do not improve UV blockage and can cause irritation. This is one of the most important ways to protect your skin and will also influence your choice in sunscreen. By limiting your sun exposure, wearing protective clothing, sitting under an umbrella or tree, and wearing a hat and sunglasses, you can greatly help your skin and you will not need as strong of a sunscreen. This way you can think of sunscreen as one part of protecting your skin rather than relying on it alone. This is important for a well-rounded approach to safe skin. Try to limit time in the sun between 10am and 4pm when the rays are strongest.

summary: Consider the amount of time you will be spending in the sun. Keep in mind what activities you will be doing. Pay attention to your skin type. Factor in age. Consider any skin sensitivities. Consider any other preventative measures you will use.


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Aquatic newts need a proper aquarium set-up to live happily. A 10-gallon (38 L) tank is a good choice, but a larger tank is generally better. Don't place your newt in anything smaller. Newts do well when there are at least two in a tank. Consider getting two newts, which can live happily in a 10-gallon (38 L) tank. Though the newt is named an aquatic newt, they need both land and water in their aquarium. Consider making your aquarium 70% water and 30% land. The tank needs enough land area for your aquatic newt to come completely out of the water and onto the land.  Slope aquarium gravel up towards one edge to create an island or place a large rock inside with a slope for your newt to climb up. Make sure the slope is not too slippery since newts sometimes have trouble climbing. The slope should be gradual instead of steep. Their feet can slip on steep slopes. Aquatic newts will spend most of their time in the water. Placing enough water in the tank helps ensure they stay healthy. The water should be at least 10 inches (35 cm) deep. The newt should be able to move around while completely submerged under the water.  You should only use dechlorinated water. Chlorinated water or water with other chemicals can harm or kill your newt. To dechlorinate your water, use special reptile dechlorinating tablets which you can purchase online or at pet stores. You can also use spring water. You can buy spring water at any grocery store or supermarket. Never use water directly from the tap. The chemicals in it will kill your newt. If you're going to use water from the tap, you must let the water sit out in an open container for at least 48 hours or longer so that the chemicals can evaporate out of the tap water before adding it to your newt's tank. Washed aquarium gravel should be placed along the bottom of the tank. Place a layer of gravel that is two inches (5 cm) thick. You can gradually stack the gravel so it slopes out of the water to give your newt a place to get out of the water. Consider using large, smooth, round stones for gravel. Your newt won't be able to eat it and it won't be so sharp that it'll cut your newt's feet. Small aquarium gravel can be too small for a newt. Choose gravel or stones that are larger than your newt's feet. The water inside your newt's tank will get dirty, so you need to use a filter. The filter will depend on how much water is in the tank. Try to get the smallest filter you can to limit the strength of the flow. Smaller filters will need to be changed more often. You will need a lid for your aquarium. Newts are escape artists and will crawl out of any crack they can find. Use a screen lid to make sure there is enough ventilation for your newt. Make sure the mesh of the screen lid is small enough that your newt can't slide through. Newts need full spectrum lighting with UVB rays. It should be turned on for 10 to 12 hours each day. You can place it on a timer so your newt always gets the proper amount of light.
summary: Buy an aquarium. Create the right ratio of water to land. Add enough water. Line the tank with gravel. Use a filter. Cover the tank with the appropriate lid. Provide a UVB light source.