Problem: Article: The first pleat will help center the material, so it will end up being a little different from the other pleats.  Fold roughly 6 inches (15.25 cm) of material underneath itself at the right side of the material. Pin in place at the waist. On the left side of the material, make a pleat that encompasses two setts. Secure with a safety pin at the waist. On a piece of cardboard or durable cardstock, mark the width of one sett. Divide this marked area into three to eight equal parts. Use your best judgment to determine how many parts to divide the pattern into. The center section will peek through the pleat, so your center section should include an appealing part of the pattern. Lay your cardboard guide above each sett as you fold it. Overlay the folded edge of each pleat over the part of the pattern that matches it in the set next to it. Secure in place with a safety pin. The cardboard guide should give you an idea of where to fold your first few pleats. After you begin folding, however, you may find that you do not need the guide since it should become a simple matter of matching the patterns together. Use a running stitch to catch the edge of each pleat, holding it in place at the bottom of the material. You should do two rows of basting. The first running stitch should be about 1/4 of the length up from the bottom of the material, and the second should be about 1/2 of the length of from the bottom. Use an iron with a steam setting to press the pleats in place, making them more durable and helping the pleats keep their form. Iron along each folded edge of each pleat. If your iron does not use steam, you can moisten a thin pressing cloth and place it over the pleats. Place this pressing cloth in between the iron and the material of your kilt and steam-press the pleats this way. Sew across the entire width of pleats and down each pleat along the fold.  Sew a straight stitch with your sewing machine across the top of your pleats, roughly 1 inch (2.5 cm) from the upper edge.  Sew a straight stitch with your sewing machine across the folded, ironed vertical edge of each pleat. Only sew about 4 inches (10 cm) of material. Do not sew all the way down each pleat. This pleating method can result in excess material, so you can trim this material off. Cut away excess material from the section starting 1 inch (2.5 cm) above the hipline and ending at the waist. Do not cut away material from the first and last pleats.
Summary: Make the first pleat. Measure out your pleats. Pleat the remainder of the outside apron. Baste the pleats along the bottom of the material. Iron the pleats flat. Stitch the pleats down. Trim the back of the pleats.

Problem: Article: Staying in contact with your students is one of the most essential parts of being an effective online teacher. Offer more than one way for your students to contact you, including by email, by phone, by video chat, and via the online discussion board for the course. Giving your students may different ways to get in touch with you will show them you are interested in communicating with them and are willing to adapt to their communication needs.  You may want to include all your contact information as part of a first day posting on the discussion board or in your syllabus for the course, which should be uploaded to the online learning page for the course before the course begins. Offering many different communication methods also means you can check up on students who start to fall off the discussion boards or appear inactive in the course. You should reach out to any inactive students through one of the many communication methods you have set up to reestablish a connection so they become more engaged in the course. It is important that you be flexible with your time as an online teacher, as your students may have work schedules or other commitments that mean they may get in touch with you at odd hours. But being flexible does not mean you cannot also set some parameters around when you are available for a discussion about an assignment or when you will provide feedback on an online post. You may want to establish online office hours where you will actively be online and ready to answer any student questions. For example, this could be every Monday and Wednesday from 3-5 pm or it could be two hours before the online class session begins. Be specific about your office hours but be willing to also be flexible and meet your students halfway if they have a conflicting schedule that requires them to be online at odd hours. Keep the lines of communication open and hold your students accountable by scheduling weekly one on one check ins with your students. This could be a short video chat about how they are feeling about the course, a phone call, or an online chat. Schedule the check ins for the same time every week so they are part of the routine of the course. If you have many students in your online class, you may ask each student to instead respond to an online posting, with feedback on how they feel they are doing in the class and what they are working on in relation to the class. This will spark discussion and allow your students to stay connected to you. Listen to student feedback and encourage it. This will show your students that their thoughts matter, even when you do not interact in person with them. You may want to set up a weekly feedback session, where you have a round table video discussion with your students or groups of students. You can then integrate the student feedback into your lesson plans and use their feedback to create more interactive activities for the course. The survey should ask your students about how effective the online course was for them and what you could do to improve the course. Be willing to solicit feedback on the course from your students at the end of the course as a way to close out the course and reflect on it.
Summary: Set up more than one way to communicate with your online students. Establish online office hours but be flexible with your time. Have weekly check ins with your students. Integrate feedback from your students into your lesson plans. Hand out a class survey at the end of the online class.

Problem: Article: Diabetics have higher levels of sugar and glucose in their blood and vaginal secretions. This is an ideal environment for abundant growth of yeast cells, which normally cause fungal infections. As a result, your child may suffer from recurrent fungal skin infections.  Notice if your child seems to be itchy in the genital area. For girls, you may notice that they have repeated vaginal yeast infections, characterized by genital itching and discomfort, with mild white to yellowish foul-smelling discharge.  Another type of fungal infection that can be a result of the immune-compromising feature of juvenile diabetes is athlete's foot, which causes white discharge and peeling of the skin in the webs of the toes and soles of the feet.  Boys, especially if they are uncircumcised, may also develop a fungal/yeast infection around the tip of the penis. The reflex that enables the body to fight against infections under normal circumstances is hampered by diabetes, as it causes immunological dysfunction. Increased glucose in the blood additionally causes unwelcome bacterial growth, often resulting in frequent bacterial skin infections such as boils or abscesses, carbuncles, and ulcerations. Another aspect of recurrent skin infections is the slow healing of wounds. Even small cuts, scratches or wounds from minor trauma take an abnormally long time to heal. Be on the lookout for anything that doesn't fix itself up as usual. Vitiligo is an auto-immune disorder, leading to reduced levels of the skin pigment melanin. Melanin is the pigment that gives human hair, skin, and eyes their color. With the occurrence of type 1 diabetes, the body develops auto-antibodies that destroy melanin. This results in white patches on the skin. Although it occurs much later in the course of type 1 diabetes and is not very common, it is better to rule out diabetes if your child develops such white patches. These symptoms can accompany diabetes as it progresses. If you notice your child vomiting or overly deep breathing, this is a dangerous sign and you should take your child to the hospital immediately for treatment. These symptoms may be a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which can result in a potentially fatal coma. These symptoms come on fast, sometimes within 24 hours. If left untreated, DKA can be fatal.
Summary:
Watch for recurrent fungal infections. Keep track of any repeated skin infections. Watch out for vitiligo. Look out for vomiting or heavy breathing.