Summarize the following:
Your hazard flashers are a great way to let the drivers around you know that you are having an issue and that they should keep clear of your vehicle.  Turn them on by pressing the appropriate button on your dashboard.  In most vehicles, your hazard flashers should be marked with an exclamation point (!) in a triangle.  You should make sure you know where the hazard flashers button is in your vehicle before encountering an emergency so you don’t have to look for it. If you are unsure where to find yours, look it up in your owner’s manual at some point when you are not driving the vehicle. Once you have shifted the vehicle in neutral, you will have only the carried over speed from before disengaging the engine to get you to a safe place to stop, so you should do so as quickly and safely as possible.  In many situations, simply pulling over to the side of the road will do.  If possible, look for a place you can leave the car for a little while, as it will be unfit to drive until it has been repaired. Breakdown lanes, rest stops and parking lots are all better alternatives to the side of the road when available. Apply the brake with your right foot until the vehicle comes to a complete stop just as you normally would.  The disengaged engine is likely spinning a high number of RPMs (Revolutions per Minute) as a result of the stuck accelerator.  Turn it off as soon as you’ve come to a complete stop to avoid causing further damage to the engine.  Holding an engine at “redline” for an extended period of time can cause significant damage to the vehicle.  Redline can be identified by the range of RPMs indicated on your tachometer with a red bar. Your vehicle may have come equipped with an RPM governor that will prevent the engine from being over-revved.  If the vehicle’s RPMs are surging and dropping repeatedly, it is likely because of the governor. In newer model vehicles equipped with a start/stop ignition button, it may not shut off immediately upon pressing the button.  The vehicle’s on board computer may think you are still driving because of the gas pedal being engaged.  In these vehicles, holding the start/stop ignition button for three seconds should shut down the motor.  Vehicles equipped with start/stop ignition buttons are designed to prevent you from accidentally shutting off the vehicle while driving. Holding the button down for three full seconds sends a message to the computer that you want it to override that safety feature. Once you are safely pulled over and the vehicle is shut off, do not start it again or attempt to drive.  The vehicle will need to be towed to a repair facility and repaired before it will be safe to drive again.  If law enforcement arrives and asks you to move the vehicle, explain the issue you had to them and they can help get a tow truck to you quickly. Remember that it is illegal in many places to leave an unattended vehicle on the side of public road, particularly if it is in an unsafe place.

summary: Turn on your hazard flashers. Look for the closest safe place to pull over. Bring the car to a complete stop and turn off the engine. Press and hold the ignition button for three seconds (if equipped). Do not drive the vehicle until it has been repaired.


Summarize the following:
When you enter puberty, your brain starts to create sex hormones via a girls’ ovaries or boys’ testes. For girls, your body is producing extra estrogen and progesterone. Boys will receive more testosterone. Having extra hormones can cause changes to your body (like developing breasts for example) and also sometimes emotional changes. These are normal changes but can affect how you feel.  Girls tend to start puberty around the age 8 to 13, whereas boys tend to start puberty a bit later from ages 9 to 14. Some children also enter puberty earlier or later than these ranges. If girls begin puberty before age 8 or boys before age 9, this is called “precocious puberty.” If you notice your body changing early, speak with your parents or doctor immediately.  Puberty does stop. Puberty is necessary for you to transform into an adult but you must be patient. Puberty can take as short as 1.5 years to as long as 5 years to finish. It is hard to know in the beginning how long it will last but it will eventually end! During the beginning of puberty, changing hormones cause breast development. Your hips will widen and you will gain pubic hair. You also should become taller. Two years after the onset of puberty, you might start having underarm hair and white or clear discharge on your underwear. Your period is likely to start soon. Around your period, you might experience premenstrual or menstrual cramps. Your abdominal region might hurt and you could feel bloated.  It is totally okay if your breasts grow at different paces. They also might be sensitive to the touch at this time.  You could gain anywhere from 2 to 8 inches in height.  Some parts of your body, like your head and hands, could grow faster than your arms and legs. You might feel physically awkward during this period. Do not worry! The rest of your body will catch up! When your period starts, that means your uterus lining plus additional blood will leave your body once a month. Although menstrual cramps are normal, if the pain is unbearable, talk to your doctor. The sex organs will begin to develop. Your testes and penis will enlarge and you will gain pubic hair. Towards the middle of puberty, you will have a growth spurt. A few years after puberty has commenced, you will notice hair growth all over your body, including on your face. This will be a good time to learn how to shave and/or take care of your facial hair. Your body also will begin releasing testosterone. Erections and ejaculation commonly happen now. When you turn 14 or 15, puberty is almost to an end! Your larynx (e.g. Adam’s apple) will be more pronounced. Your voice might crack and sound lower and deeper.  One of your testicles might grow faster than the other one. This is normal!  Boys can gain anywhere from 4 to 12 inches of height. You can continue growing until they are 18 to 20 years old.  Testosterone is the sex hormone that causes your testicles to make sperm.  You might become erect seemingly without cause. If you ejaculate in your sleep, that is okay. This is a “wet dream.”  As your voice changes, your pitch also could fluctuate wildly. This eventually will stop. Your brain will not be fully developed until you are about 23 to 25 years old. As your brain develops during puberty, it may be affected by risky behaviors, such as engaging in sex or trying drugs and alcohol. Be aware that any risky behaviors you engage in during puberty may lead to addictions later on.
summary: Realize what puberty is. Understand physical changes for girls during puberty. Understand physical changes for boys during puberty. Be aware that brain changes occur during puberty.