There is some evidence that sitting up straight with proper posture can increase alertness. Maintain good posture throughout class to keep yourself alert and engaged during the lecture.  Pull in your abdominal muscles, straighten your back and push back your shoulders.  Sit with your back against the chair and keep your feet on the floor.  Maintain your head and neck in a neutral position.  Avoid slouching, which can make you drowsy. Between breaks in the lecture, do small stretches or movements with your legs. This can help keep you alert and circulate blood so your legs and arms don't fall asleep.  Push your legs forward if you can and push and pull your toes back towards you. Do ankle circles or even wrist circles. Make sure your stretching doesn't interrupt the lecturer or your fellow classmates. Chewing gum or sucking on a mint can increase your alertness and it may also improve your mood. Having some gum and/or mints can make a long lecture go by more quickly. Opt for peppermint if possible: the smell of peppermint oil or  peppermint gum may stimulate your memory to retain information. Depending on the length of your lecture, chances are it coincides with a mealtime. Having a light snack during your long lecture can help increase your alertness and may make it go by more quickly.  Have a piece of cheese, fruit, or some pretzels. Make sure that your snack packaging or chewing doesn't interrupt the lecture in any way. There is some evidence that doodling a bit or doing something creative like rolling a piece of clay can stimulate alertness. Try drawing small images or rolling something on your desk or between your fingers to make the lecture go by more quickly.  Keep your doodling or other activities to a minimum and continue to pay attention to the lecture. Avoid allowing your doodling to disrupt other members of the class or the lecturer. Most professors or teachers will allow students to take a break during long lectures. Take this opportunity to stretch your legs and get your blood circulating, which can not only make the time go by more quickly but also make you more alert.  Enjoy a short walk, which gives you a chance to get away, circulate your blood and oxygenate your brain. It can also help you relax.  Use the restroom if the professor doesn't offer a break. This will give you a chance to stretch and refocus, even if only briefly.
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One-sentence summary -- Sit up straight. Stretch your legs. Pop a piece of gum or a mint. Eat a snack. Doodle a bit. Take a brief break.

Q: with her. When you see her struggling to calm down on her own, lead her into a deep breathing exercise that promotes the natural relaxation response. To practice deep breathing:  Find a quiet, comfortable place in which the two of you can sit without distractions. Either sit up straight with a cushion or use a chair for support. Relax your shoulders and rest your hands on your thighs. Both of you should place one hand on your chest and one on your abdomen. Breathe in deeply through your nose for 4 to 8 counts. The hand on your abdomen should expand with your belly. Hold the breath briefly, for 1 to 2 counts. Then, release the air out through your mouth, watching your hand fall with your belly, for the same number of counts as the inhale. The hand on your chest should move very little. Repeat the inhale-exhale process for 5 to 10 min, or until she becomes more relaxed. Another technique you can try to get her to loosen up and relax is progressive muscle relaxation. This exercise helps you to notice where you are holding tension in your body and know what relaxation feels like in these tense areas.  Grab comfortable seats in chairs or on the sofa. Start with a few minutes of deep breathing to stimulate calm. Start at your feet and move up. Notice how your feet feel. Take several seconds to become aware of this feeling. Then, gradually contract the muscles in your feet until they are extremely tense. Hold for 10 counts. Release the tension, taking note of how it simply melts away. Stay in this state for about 10 counts, continuing to breath deeply. Move slowly up through the body contracting and releasing each muscle group. The intensity of working out may not immediately come to mind when thinking of way to help calm someone down, but physical activity is a terrific way to relieve stress and promote a positive mood. Exercise generates those feel-good chemicals in the brain called endorphins that tend to make you feel more energetic and brighter about life. If you see her having a tough day, steer her towards a group fitness class like Zumba to get moving and form social connections. Other ideas include running, walking, yoga, playing basketball, swimming, and hiking. Guided imagery or visualization is another approach that promotes the body's natural relaxation response. This practice can be carried out by listening to an audiotape or following along to a YouTube video. Here's how it works:  Find a quiet, serene place to listen to a guided visualization exercise or choose to use your own minds. The idea is start by deep breathing. Then, begin visualizing a place that makes each of you feel safe or happy, such as grandma's house, the local water hole, or an exotic beach. Use at least three of your senses to envision this place. Don't just stop at how it looks in your mind. Also, bring to mind how it smells (e.g. freshly baked cookies or coconut) or tastes (e.g. chocolate chips or salty air). Move deeper and deeper into a state of relaxation as you take in the sensations and surroundings of your special place. Research shows that classical music is especially effective at producing a calming state of mind. However, it really depends on her, maybe she just wants to forget her problems temporarily and shake her hips to a tribal drum beat. Or, she may want to commiserate by listening to songs that describe her feelings. As long as it's relaxing to her, it doesn't matter what type of music it is.
A: Breathe deeply Do progressive muscle relaxation. Get some exercise. Do a guided imagery exercise together. Listen to soothing music.

Article: The rest of your desktop will fade out, exposing the contents of the window. Move your mouse cursor away from the thumbnail window.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Hover over the icon of the program you want to preview on the taskbar, which will expose a window showing thumbnails of all of the windows open in that program. Hover over the thumbnail of the window you want to preview. Return to the window you were working in before.