INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If you don’t need an immediate answer, you can contact Amazon via their customer service email address at cs-reply@amazon.com. Send a detailed email containing as much information about your problem or question as possible. A representative should get in touch with you within the next 24-48 hours. If you live outside the U.S., the customer service email address may be different. You can request the correct address by reaching out to a representative over Amazon’s customer service chat.

SUMMARY: Email Amazon if your issue isn’t urgent.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: To start learning algebra, you'll need to know basic math skills such as adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing. This primary/elementary school math is essential before you start learning algebra. If you don't have these skills mastered, it will be tricky to tackle the more complex concepts taught in algebra. If you need a refresher on these operations, try our article on basic math skills. You don't necessarily need to be great at doing these basic operations in your head to do algebra problems. Many algebra classes will allow you to use a calculator to save time when doing these simple operations. You should, however, at least know how to do these operations without a calculator for when you aren't allowed to use one. One of the trickiest things about solving an algebra equation as a beginner is knowing where to start. Luckily, there's a specific order for solving these problems: first do any math operations in parentheses, then do exponents, then multiply, then divide, then add, and finally subtract. A handy tool for remembering this order of operations is the acronym PEMDAS.Learn how to apply the order of operations here. To recap, the order of operations is:   Parentheses  Exponents  Multiplication  Division  Addition  Subtraction The order of operations is important in algebra because doing the operations in an algebra problem in the wrong order can sometimes affect the answer. For instance, if we're dealing with the math problem 8 + 2 × 5, if we add 2 to 8 first, we get 10 × 5 = 50, but if we multiply 2 and 5 first, we get 8 + 10 = 18. Only the second answer is correct. In algebra, it's common to use negative numbers, so it's smart to review how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide negatives before starting to learn algebra. Below are just a few negative number basics to keep in mind — for more information, see our articles on adding and subtracting negative numbers and dividing and multiplying negative numbers.  On a number line, a negative version of a number is the same distance from zero as the positive, but in the opposite direction. Adding two negative numbers together makes the number more negative (in other words, the digits will be higher, but since the number is negative, it counts as being lower) Two negative signs cancel out — subtracting a negative number is the same as adding a positive number Multiplying or dividing two negative numbers gives a positive answer. Multiplying or dividing a positive number and a negative number gives a negative answer. While simple algebra problems can be a snap to solve, more complicated problems can take many, many steps. To avoid errors, keep your work organized by starting a new line every time you make a step toward solving your problem. If you're dealing with a two-sided equation, try to write all the equals signs ("="s) underneath each other. This way, if you make a mistake somewhere, it'll be much easier to find and correct. For example, to solve the equation 9/3 - 5 + 3 × 4, we might keep our problem organized like this:  9/3 - 5 + 3 × 4 9/3 - 5 + 12 3 - 5 + 12 3 + 7 10
Summary: Review your basic math operations. Know the order of operations. Know how to use negative numbers. Know how to keep long problems organized.

If it doesn’t make her anxious to have your presence, watch your dog while she is laboring. You don’t need to hover. Expect her to be uncomfortable during contractions, just like a woman would be.  This is part of the process. In many cases, puppies are born in the middle of the night when you are sleeping. Make it a habit to check on your dog as soon as you wake up as she approaches her due date. The mother dog should clean her puppies right after they are born. Give her a minute or two to take the sac off the puppy and start licking and cleaning the puppy. If your dog is taking longer than that, you can step in and get the sack off and vigorously rub the puppy to dry and stimulate breathing. If necessary, you can carefully tie off the umbilical cord about an inch from the puppy and cut it with clean scissors. Puppies should start nursing within 1-3 hours after birth. You may need to place the puppy in front of a nipple and gently squeeze a little milk out for the puppy to get the idea.  If the puppy absolutely will not nurse, or your dog won’t let the puppy nurse, there may be something wrong with the puppy, like a cleft palate.  Open the puppy’s mouth and look at the roof of the mouth.  It should be a solid surface without any holes into the sinuses. Consult your veterinarian if there are any concerns. You may need to tube feed or bottle feed the puppy with puppy formula if they are not able to nurse and are otherwise healthy. After the puppies are born, count them so you know exactly how many there are. This will help you keep tabs on the pups. The mother dog may want to eat the placentas, which is not harmful. She is getting back all the nutrients she put into her pregnancy. Don’t feel compelled to remove them immediately.  If she does not eat them, dispose of them in the trash.  In some cases, eating the placentas may cause vomiting later. Remember that every puppy will have its own placenta. Puppies do not regulate their body temperature well and need to be kept warm. For the first few days after birth, keep one area of the whelping box around 85 degrees F. Then you can drop the temperature down to 75-80 degrees F. Provide extra heat with the help of a heat lamp in one corner of the whelping box. If a puppy gets cold, it will not move much. Check to sure the birthing area is warm and the puppy is staying close to mom and the other puppies. Schedule a visit with your vet for checkups after the puppies are born. The vet will make sure that the mother is healing properly and that the puppies are growing. If you own the father dog, ensure that he is in an area separated from the female dog and the puppies. Other dogs in the household should not be allowed to bother the momma dog and her puppies either.  There is a risk of fighting between the adult dogs and possible risk to the puppies themselves. The female may get aggressive because she is protecting her puppies. This is normal and you shouldn't punish her for this instinct. Protective aggression toward humans may occur as well, so prevent children from bothering the puppies too. Unless she is filthy, wait a few weeks to give her a bath with a mild oatmeal shampoo formulated for dogs. Make sure to rinse her well in order to avoid leaving a residue that the puppies would come in contact with while nursing.
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One-sentence summary -- Keep an eye on your dog while she is giving birth. Make sure the mother cleans her puppies right away. Make sure the puppies are nursing. Count the puppies. Don’t remove the placentas immediately. Keep the birthing area warm. Take the mother and puppies to the vet for checkups. Keep other dogs away from the mother and puppies. Do not bathe your dog immediately after birth.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Decertification election to totally remove the union.  Deauthorization election to only remove the “union security” clause from the contract election. It has only one purpose and effect, to undo union required payments and membership in the union, but:  Keeps the union as the exclusive bargaining representative. Keeps the collective bargaining agreement in effect, except for the required unionism clause (membership or dues become voluntary).

SUMMARY:
Research the difference between these decertification and deauthorization elections. Find out about your own kind of union, like "state and local government employees" or "public school employees" who have comparable procedures that may differ from private sector "decertification" processes. Consider "public sector deauthorization laws" -- state laws governing public employees that provide for: