In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Mean and median are 2 of the most basic statistical concepts, and they're foundational to other, more complicated concepts. The mean is the average of a set of numbers, and the median is the middle of a set of numbers. Your text book should cover these concepts – and how to calculate them – at the very beginning. You can also find instructions at on websites like MathWorld.  To calculate the mean, add all of the numbers in your data set and divide the sum by the number of numbers in the set. For example, if your data set includes the numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12, the sum of the set is 42. 42 divided by 6 (the number of data points) is 7. 7 is your mean. The median is the just the middle of any set of numbers. So the median of the data set 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 is 6. If you have an even number of data points, add the 2 middle numbers of divide by 2. Once you know how to calculate mean, you can move on to more complicated concepts. Variance is the average of squared differences from the mean. Knowing the variance can help you understand how spread out a set of data is.  For example, let's say you and your 3 friends each have a dog, and their heights are 12 in (30 cm), 20 in (51 cm), 16 in (41 cm), and 32 in (81 cm). First, take the mean of their heights by adding all 4 heights together and dividing by 4. In inches, this would be 12 + 20 + 16 + 32, which equals 80. Divide that by 4 (the total number of dogs) to get 20. So the mean of their heights is 20 in (51 cm). Then calculate the variance by subtracting each individual height from the mean and squaring it. So 20 - 12 is 8, and 8 squared is 64. 20 - 20 is 0, and 0 squared is still 0. 20 - 16 is 4, and 4 squared is 16. And 20 minus 32 is -12, and -12 squared is 144. 8 + 0 + 16 + 144 = 168. To get the final variance, divide the sum of the squared differences from the mean (168) by the number of dogs (4). So the variance of this data set is 42. Standard deviation tells you how much each data point differs from the mean. To calculate the standard deviation, you'll need the variance first. Then take the square root of the variance. If the resulting number includes a decimal (most will), round it to the nearest whole number. For example, if the variance of your and your friends' dogs' heights is 42, the standard deviation is the square root of 6.48. You'd round that down to 6. That tells you that, on average, each dog is about 6 in (15 cm) away from the mean of the dogs' heights. The normal distribution is a graphic distribution of a set of data's mean and the variations from the mean. You can learn a lot about a data set from normal distribution graphs. To learn how to calculate them, you'll need to calculate z values – individual points on the graph. A table of z-values can usually be found in your text book. Your textbook should have detailed instructions on how to calculate points on a normal distribution graph. You can also find resources online, at websites like minitab or MathWorld.
Summary: Start with mean and median. Learn the connection between variance and mean. Understand the connection between variance and standard deviation. Learn to calculate normal distribution.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Be sure to wear rubber, latex, or vinyl gloves since mice carry communicable diseases. Get your cleaning supplies out, so that you can immediately disinfect the space once the mouse is contained. You'll need a mixture of bleach and water in a spray bottle. The mouse shouldn't be able to get out, but must have ventilation to breathe.  Do not put the mouse in cardboard, since it can easily chew through cardboard containers. Now you can thoroughly disinfect your trashcan and countertops with a mixture of bleach and water after you've removed the mouse. Throw away the cardboard tube. Whatever you do, do not release the mouse right outside your home. Mice can find their way back into a warm environment nearby. Instead, drive the mouse at least five miles away and release it.  Try to relocate the mouse as soon as you can. The mouse will be contained for a shorter period of time, and you can get on with cleaning and disinfecting your home. You can increase its chance of survival if you release it near some kind of shelter. Avoid urban areas, where the mouse might simply return to another home, and wide-open spaces, where it can't find shelter from predators.
Summary: Remove the mouse from the trash can while wearing gloves. Transfer mouse to a container. Remove the mouse from your house.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: There's no reason to go straight into professional, expensive tools. In fact: it's best to start off with a beginners set because everyone tools differently and what works for someone else may not work for you. You want to be able to experiment. Good starter sets can be bought at very reasonable prices from stores like Tandy, both online and locally. Modeling tools, while technically designed for clay, can be extremely useful for leather crafting as well. Tools like a stylus are commonly used, as are tools like a modeling spoon. You should never cut your leather on scrap wood or any surface with a texture (and of course you don't want to cut on a surface you want to preserve), because the texture can be transferred to the leather and even make the leather more difficult to cut. You want to use a marble or granite cutting board. These can be purchased or you can ask a local contractor or granite supply company for scrap. A rubber mat underneath can dim some of the sound and keep your cutting board in place. A mallet is a universal tool that you will need for doing almost any style of tooling. You want to to use a poly mallet when you start learning to work with leather. Never use a metal mallet and avoid wood mallets (as they are delicate). Rawhide mallets are good but expensive, so if you want to experiment with these, wait until later. If you have to buy tools individually, focus on buying the most basic, most useful tools. A stylus, a swivel knife, a modeling spoon, a beveler, a mallet, and a few basic stamps (often also called single-action tools) will get you through learning the craft. Tools come in a number of sizes and the standard sizes are usually for large, male hands. If you are younger or generally have smaller hands, getting smaller sized tools will make the tool significantly easier to use. Stamps and the traditional shapes of leather working tools almost have a unique language unto themselves. Most of the tools will have names that do not seem to make sense, but almost all of them refer to the traditional cowboy leather designs and the specific purpose those tools were meant to serve. Learning the names for the tools can be extremely useful, especially for understanding instructions that you find online and for finding the tools you need. Tooling leather is just like traditional sculpting: there are lots of tools and everyone uses them in slightly different ways. You should not feel like just because you use a stamp to get one look when it's really for getting another, that you're somehow wrong. Whatever works for you and looks good is fine.
Summary:
Buy a starter tool set. Consider some modeling tools. Get a cutting board. Get a mallet. Focus on the most important tools. Check to be sure that your tools are the best size for you. Understand the language of leather designs. Don't feel constrained to standard usages.