Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Watch for shortness of breath. Watch for any unusual fatigue. Look out for a cough and possible blood in your sputum. Take note if you are feeling episodes of dizziness or fainting. Observe for swelling in your lower extremities. Tell your doctor if you are experiencing heart "palpitations" (unusual heartbeats). Consider your risk factors.

Answer: One of the main symptoms that mitral stenosis may present with is shortness of breath — in particular, waking in the night with breathing difficulties. The shortness of breath may get worse with exertion, and/or when lying down. The shortness of breath is caused by decreased effectiveness of blood flow with each heartbeat, due to partial blockage of the mitral valve (called "stenosis").  Your shortness of breath may progressively get worse with time. Your exercise tolerance may also decrease with time, as your condition worsens. In addition to shortness of breath, mitral stenosis often presents with fatigue beyond your normal level. Again, this is due to less effective blood circulation, and thus reduced oxygen delivery to your tissues. Over time, the increased work that your heart must do to pump blood throughout your body can lead to progressively worsening fatigue. Mitral stenosis makes it more challenging for blood to pass from your left atrium into your left ventricle. Therefore, the pressure in your left atrium builds up, and can cause a backup of blood in the lungs (because blood flows directly from the lungs into the left atrium).  As a result, mitral stenosis may cause fluid build-up in your lungs. It can also cause a cough that may or may not be accompanied by coughing up small amounts of blood. Due to the reduced effectiveness of circulating blood and oxygen distribution to key areas of your body (such as your brain), you may begin to feel dizzy, lightheaded, or faint if you have mitral stenosis. If you feel this way, it is important to sit or lie down until you feel better, to avoid passing out while standing and injuring yourself. It is also important to tell your doctor as it may be a sign of mitral stenosis or another medical condition, and it merits proper medical investigation. You may begin to notice swollen feet, ankles, and/or legs if you have mitral stenosis. This is a symptom of right heart failure, which may occur as a result of mitral stenosis. It occurs due to the backup of blood that cannot be effectively pumped through the heart. Heart palpitations may feel like unusually forceful heartbeats, or you may have the sensation of your heart "fluttering" in your chest. Either way, it feels like your heart is behaving abnormally. It is important to tell your doctor about this as it may be a sign of mitral stenosis, or of another heart condition that warrants medical attention and investigation. To diagnose mitral stenosis, your doctor will ask you about predisposing risk factors. One of the major risk factors for mitral stenosis in developing countries is a history of rheumatic fever (which can damage and scar the mitral valve). This is less common in developed countries due to more effective modes of treatment that can prevent the development of rheumatic fever. Other risk factors include calcium deposits around your mitral valve, chest radiation, certain medications, a family history of mitral stenosis, or having congenital birth defects involving the heart.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Apply a wood or fence cleaner to the fence. Let the cleaner sit for 15-20 minutes. Rinse the cleaner off with a pressure washer. Let the fence dry for at least 24 hours. Use a polyurethane sealant to protect the fence from sun damage.

Answer: Work from the bottom of the fence to the top, coating the entire fence in the cleaner. To get the solution behind tight areas, dip a brush into the solution and apply it between boards or tight corners. Read the cleaner's instructions before using it for directions specific to the cleaner you're using. This will give the cleaner enough time to soak into the wood before you wash it off. If the cleaner's instructions ask you to keep it on longer, follow its directions. Move the spray tip back and forth over the fence, keeping it about 2 feet (0.61 m) away from the wood. Avoid letting the pressure washer sit in one place, as focused pressure can damage the wood. Continue moving the spray tip over the wood until you completely remove the cleaner.  Read the safety warnings on your pressure washer before you turn it on.  If you don't own a pressure washer, rent one from a home improvement store. Choose a pressure washer rated at 2700 PSI or less, which is less likely to splinter the wood. The fence should dry completely before you apply stains or sealants. If it's humid outside or it rains, you may need to wait several days for it to dry. After your fence dries off, apply the sealant to the fence with a bristle brush. Work the sealant into the fence in the direction of the grain, keeping the coating as even as possible. Apply 2-3 coats of sealant, letting it dry for 24 hours between coats.  Unlike wood stain or paint, sealants do not stain your fence a certain color. You will need to reapply the sealant if you stain or paint your fence. Wear gloves while applying a sealant to keep from staining your hands.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Break the keyboard into octaves which correspond to lines on the tab. Locate the notes in the tab based on the octave of the line they're on. Read tabs from left to right, paying attention to any measure breaks (marked with I's). Play notes sequentially as you read from left to right.

Answer:
Piano tabs usually take the form of a series of horizontal lines, each labeled with a number at its far left, like this: 5|------------------------------4|------------------------------3|------------------------------2|------------------------------ Though this arrangement may at first seem to bear no resemblance to the black and white keys of a keyboard, piano tabs actually represent different regions on the keyboard through clever shorthand. The number at the left of each line represents the octave that the notes represented on the line are located in. Piano tabs define their octaves relative to the C scale - starting from the far left of the keyboard, the first C note on the piano begins the first octave, the second C note begins the second octave, and so on up to the highest C note. For instance, in the sample tab lines provided above, the lines represent, starting from the top, the fifth, fourth, third, and second octaves from the farthest-left C, respectively. It's not necessary for piano tabs to include lines for every octave on the keyboard - just the octaves in which notes are played. The letters A through G should be spread throughout the lines of the piano tab, like this: 5|-a-d-f------------------------4|-a-d-f------------------------3|-------c-D-e-f-G--------------2|-----------------f-e-d-c------ You may have already guessed that each letter corresponds to a note in the scale! Lowercase letters signify "natural" (not sharp or flat) notes, which are the white keys on the keyboard. Upper-case letters signify  sharps, which are the black keys. For example, "C" is the black key to the right of "c", which is a white key. Notes on the lines of the tab are meant to be played in the octave that corresponds to the line. For instance, notes on line 4 in the sample tab above are played in the keyboard's fourth octave. For simplification of writing and to avoid confusion between the flat symbol, which resembles a lowercase "b", and the note "b", there are no flats in piano tabs. Instead, all flats are written as the equivalent sharp (eg: D-flat ("Db") is written as C-sharp ("C")). Like pieces of sheet music, tabs are read from left to right. The notes at the far left of the tab are played first, followed by the notes to the right. If the tab is longer than the screen or page, it can "wrap around" below each time it reaches the edge - just like sheet music. Often, but not always, piano tabs include vertical lines marking the barrier between each measure - usually, these are represented with capital letter "I's" or with vertical line characters, like this: 5|-a-d-f---------|---------------4|-a-d-f---------|---------------3|-------c-D-e-f-|G--------------2|---------------|--f-e-d-c------ If so, treat the space between each set of vertical lines as one measure. In other words, for songs in 4/4, there are four quarter notes between each set of lines, for songs in 6/8, there are six eighth notes, and so on. Start reading a piano tab at its far left and play the notes in order from left to right as you encounter them. If two or more notes are directly above each other, play them at the same time as a chord. In our example tab:5|-a-d-f---------|---------------4|-a-d-f---------|---------------3|-------c-D-e-f-|G--------------2|---------------|--f-e-d-c------ ...we would first play the A in the fifth octave and the A in the fourth octave, then the D in the fifth octave and the D in the fourth octave, then the F in the fifth octave and the F in the  fourth octave, then the notes C, D sharp, E, and F in sequence, and so on.