Summarize the following:
The goal is to keep his arms and legs at heart-level so as to get the most accurate blood pressure reading. Remove the blood pressure cuff from your patient’s arm. Position the cuff two inches above the malleolus (the bony knob) of the ankle. Make sure that the cuff is not wrapped too tightly. Check its tightness by inserting two fingers. If you can’t insert two fingers, then it is too tight. Make sure that you have the right sized cuff for your patient. The width of the cuff should be slightly wider than the diameter of the lower leg. The dorsalis pedis (DP) artery is located on the upper surface of the foot, right near where the foot meets the ankle. Spread ultrasound gel on this upper area of the foot. Use a Doppler probe to located the strongest point of the DP. Move the probe around until your find the spot where the pulse is the loudest. You should hear a pulsating or whooshing sound. Inflate the blood pressure cuff to about 20 mmHg above the patient’s regular systolic pressure or until the whooshing sound from the Doppler is gone. Deflate the cuff and take note when the whooshing sound returns. This is the systolic blood pressure of the ankle. For the most accurate ABI, you should take the blood pressure of both the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial arteries. The PT is located about one-fourth of the way up the back side of the calf. Place ultrasound gel on the area and use the Doppler probe to find the spot where the PT pulse is the strongest. Repeat the same process that you did to find the DP artery. Once finished, record the pressure and then switch the cuff to the right leg. Record the blood pressure of the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial arteries on the right leg.

summary: Ask your patient to remain lying face-up. Wrap the  blood pressure cuff around the patient’s left ankle. Locate the dorsalis pedis artery. Record the blood pressure of the DP artery. Find the posterior tibial (PT) artery. Record the blood pressure of the PT artery.


Summarize the following:
You can test your oil at home with just these 2 items. Make sure you cover your work surface with wax paper or tin foil to protect it from any oil that might bleed through the paper. If your oil doesn’t have a dropper with it or a cap that allows this, you can use the eraser side of a pencil. Just dip the eraser into the bottle and let the oil drip onto the paper from there, or gently touch the eraser to the paper to get the oil to transfer. If you’re testing multiple oils, it might help to label each one so you remember where it is on the paper. This will normally take about 30-45 minutes depending on how much oil you have on the paper. Check after 30 minutes, and if there’s still some liquid on the paper, allow another 15 minutes to dry. If there is a ring present, that means that the oil has likely been diluted with another substance and is less pure. If you can’t see a ring, try touching the paper with your finger lightly. If it’s completely dry and you don’t feel any oil or grease on your finger, your oil is likely pure and high quality. Some oils that are darker in color will leave a slight tint, but the paper should not be oily or greasy once completely dry. Oils such as sandalwood, patchouli, and German chamomile will leave a tint but not an oily ring. For aromatherapists and naturopaths, it might be worthwhile to send oils to a lab for chemical testing. This will ensure that the chemical makeup of the oil is indeed pure and what is labelled on the bottle. The two means of testing are Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. These tests are often performed together in a lab, and will show whether there are any “adulterants” in the oil.

summary: Select an oil to test and get a piece of blank paper. Place one drop of the oil on the paper. Allow the oil to dry completely. Check the places where you dropped the oil for a leftover ring of oil or grease. Send your oils to a lab for testing if you will be using them for professional reasons.


Summarize the following:
Rise upward and forward simultaneously, and keep your spine straight, chest out, and shoulders back. As you post, lean forward about 30 degrees. Allow the horse’s motion to direct your post; remember to think of your core, hips, and legs as an extension of the muscles in the horse’s back. Don’t propel yourself with your feet or legs. You should only rise about 2 inches (5.1 cm) out of the saddle. Bouncing hard or propelling yourself with your feet can hurt your horse. Your legs should be relaxed; don’t squeeze the horse tightly or use your legs to keep your balance. That said, make sure your calves remain in contact with the horse’s barrel. This will help you avoid involuntary leg movements. If you don’t maintain control over your legs, you could accidentally kick your horse and confuse it. The pressure on your stirrups should remain steady as you rise and sit. Instead of bracing your ankles and forcing yourself upward, move gently up and down with springy, supple ankles. If you’re riding without stirrups, extend your legs and use your seat to balance. Scrunching up your legs can cause you to tightly grip the horse with your knees and thighs.
summary: Post forward at a 30-degree angle. Keep your calves pressed firmly to the horse’s barrel. Maintain steady pressure on your stirrups if you’re using them.