Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Find the right font to replace your text with. Type and place your font, then rasterize it. Use "Free Transform" to adjust, angle, and place the text. Use the "Liquify" tool to hand rotate, twist, and bend text to fit the final object.

Answer: If you know the font or want to choose your own, you can simply add it in now by pressing "T" to bring up the Type Tool. However, if you want the exact font, you'll need to do a little digging. You can  download fonts for free online and add them to Photoshop (as .ttf files, most commonly). You can also look up specific fonts using the website WhatTheFont, which finds a font in the image you uploaded. While most fonts need to be tweaked, a simple replacement job might be done as soon as you type in your new font. Select the right font, color, and then write out the text. Place it roughly where it needs to go, then right click on the type in the layers pallet and select "Rasterize Type..." Rasterizing type makes it easier to adjust. However, you can no longer change the actual words once rasterized, so make sure everything is spelled right. To get to free transform, make sure your next text is selected in the layers menu. Then press Ctrl+T or ⌘ Cmd+T to transform the text. You can also select "Edit" → "Free Transform." This box allows you to resize the object, but that is not all:  Click on any point to change the size of the text from the point. Hold ⇧ Shift to keep the total proportions the same while resizing. Hold Ctrl or ⌘ Cmd while clicking a point to pivot or angle that point, allowing you to give the points perspective. Hold Alt or ⌥ Opt to stretch, squeeze, or flip the text. Say, for example, that you want to replace text around a soda can. Getting the exact bend is going to be impossible without some finer control than "Free Transform" can offer. Instead, open up "Filter" → "Liquify." From here, use the brush to slowly curve the text exactly how you need it.  Make the brush as big as possible to adjust the entire block of text at the same time. Lower the brush pressure for more subtle effects.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Learn about the different types of breeders. Identify a responsible breeder. Visit the breeder’s location. Ask the breeder plenty of questions. Obtain American Kennel Club (AKC) paperwork. Stay away from puppy mills! Think twice before buying your puppy from a pet store.

Answer: Not all breeders are reputable, so you will want to know which ones to consider and which ones to avoid if you want to buy a puppy through a breeder. One type of breeder is a hobby show breeder. Hobby show breeders are highly knowledgeable about a dog breed and invest considerable time and energy into selecting an optimal pedigree and raising show quality puppies. These breeders will typically raise only one or two litters per year.  Backyard breeders typically have very little knowledge about dog breeds and are probably just trying to make a little money on the side. Avoid buying a puppy from a backyard breeder. Commercial breeders typically house several different dog breeds and produce numerous litters in a year. The physical environment of a commercial breeder may or may not be of good quality. In addition, not all commercial breeders produce AKC registration papers. Puppies that you see in pet stores may come from commercial breeders. Check with local veterinarians and dog breed organizations to find a breeder with a reputation for taking good care of his or her dogs. He or she should breed just a few types of dogs and have a strong relationship with local veterinarians and other animal organizations. The ASPCA has a helpful list of responsible breeders. A responsible breeder will ask you questions about why you want a dog, who will be taking care of it and where it will live. He or she will not simply take your cash and hand over a puppy. You should never purchase a puppy through a breeder without having visited the breeder’s location. It is very important that you see where your puppy, his littermates, and his parents were housed and raised. A responsible breeder will actually encourage you to visit multiple times so that you completely comfortable with his or her physical location and business practices. Buying a puppy through a breeder can be very expensive, so you want to be sure that the breeder is honest, knowledgeable, and ethical. There are many questions that you can ask the breeder: How are the puppies raised and socialized? How do you screen potential puppy buyers? What is your procedure during whelping (birthing process)? Have the parents been tested for breed-specific diseases?  You can ask other questions regarding how many puppies were in the litter and what medical care they have received (vaccinating, deworming, etc.).  Ask for documentation regarding medical care, microchipping, and screening for breed-specific behavioral or medical issues.  Don’t be afraid to ask questions. If the breeder is reputable, he or she will have no problem answering any and all questions that you have about them and the dogs he or she breeds and raises. Be ready to answer questions as to why you want a puppy and how you plan to take care of it. A good breeder will be very concerned about the welfare of the puppies he or she has bred. Forming a good relationship with a breeder can be very helpful if you have questions later in the puppy's life, or if you are interested in showing the puppy later. You will also need to obtain a contract of sale. If you are interested in showing or breeding the puppy you buy, you will need proof that he is registered with the AKC and that you are the legal owner. Be aware, though, that AKC papers tell you who your puppy’s parents are and are not proof that your puppy was raised properly by the breeder. Be wary of a breeder who tries to sell you a puppy since simply because he or she has papers showing the puppy’s lineage. Puppy mills are notorious for mass breeding of puppies in deplorable conditions. Breeders who run puppy mills are typically more concerned with making a profit than practicing responsible breeding practices. Puppies bred in this type of environment may have genetic abnormalities that could lead to physical and emotional disorders that, unfortunately, you won’t discover right away.  When you visit a breeder, take a close look at the conditions. If the dogs there look dirty, skinny or unhealthy, do not purchase a puppy there. If a breeder is reluctant to show you his or her entire premises, it is probable that he or she is running a puppy mill and does not want you to see the poor conditions in which the dogs are being bred and raised.  If a breeder does not ask you a lot of questions and takes a hands-off approach to the puppy's care after he or she has sold it, you should suspect that he or she is running a puppy mill.  Breeders who claim to breed a large number of purebreds or "designer" breeds are likely not telling you the truth and are probably running a puppy mill. The dogs are most likely  not  purebred or a designer breed. You might want to report a puppy mill to the authorities. You can fill out a report at http://www.humanesociety.org/forms/report_a_puppy_mill.html or call 1-877-MILL-TIP if you suspect a breeder you visit is harming dogs and puppies. Puppies in pet stores can come from puppy mills. Do your due diligence—ask the staff at the pet store where they obtain their puppies and research the breeders that they mention. If you are going to buy a puppy from a pet store, you should be confident the puppies come from reputable animal shelters and/or breeders.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Boil water. Preheat the pour over and filter. Measure your coffee. Prepare the pour over brewer. Saturate the grounds. Wait and pour water over the grounds. Let the coffee brew.

Answer:
Bring a pot of water to boil. To brew your coffee, try to get your water as close as possible to 200 °F (93 °C). Be sure to use clean, filtered water for the best taste.  Either use a kettle that has a long thin spout or carefully transfer the water to a pouring kettle with a long thin spout. Take care not to burn yourself when handling boiling water. For a very dark roast, use water closer to 195 °F (91 °C) to prevent getting a burnt, bitter taste. Unfold your paper filter and place it so that it fits the single cup brewer that you set over your coffee mug. Pour a little hot water over the filter so that it's completely soaked. Carefully pour out and discard the soaking liquid. There are a variety of single cup cone brewers available. These include Kalita, Bee House, Clever Dripper, and Hario V60. The brewer will sit atop the serving mug so the coffee filters directly down and into your mug. Weigh out 24 grams or about 2 tablespoons of ground coffee for your pour over brewer. Always use medium-coarse grounds. Using the right grounds will create the right extraction for the time you're brewing. For example, using a larger surface area (coarse grounds) requires longer brewing time than fine grounds that only need a quick extraction. If you can, grind your beans just before using them. Fresher beans will make a better tasting pot of coffee. If you need to buy pre-ground coffee, just take care to store it in an air-tight container out of direct sunlight and use it within a week. Place the grounds in the pre-moistened filter that should still be in the top of your pour over brewer. You should also have a digital timer or clock ready before you start brewing. You'll use about 400 grams of water which will yield one large cup of coffee. Start the digital timer or look at the clock to keep track of when you start brewing. Slowly pour about 1/4 of a cup or 50 grams of the hot water over the grounds in the filter. Gently stir the grounds and water (known as a slurry) with a spoon or chopstick. Stirring can break up any clumps of coffee grounds and make sure the grounds are completely saturated. Once your grounds are saturated, wait for 30 seconds. This allows the coffee grounds to bloom. Slowly, pour more water over the grounds so the filter is always half-full of water. You should use a circular wiggling motion when pouring the water over the grounds. This can help mix the coffee and water together. The water will slowly filter through the grounds and the paper, into the bottom of the pour over brewer. You don't need to stir the coffee; just let it filter down. Remove the filter and drink your coffee. This entire process should take a total of 2 1/2 to 3 minutes from the time you started brewing.