INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Sewing in a patch is the most comprehensive, but also labour-intensive, way to fix a larger hole in the crotch of your jeans. This requires some basic command of a needle and thread or sewing machine, but when done well it could be neater and more reliable than gluing or ironing on a patch. Begin by finding a patch for the hole in your jeans.  If placing the patch on the interior, choose a colour that closely matches the colour of your jeans to make it look more natural. You can be creative with your patches if you want to make a statement or have some fun.  Make sure the patch material isn’t thicker than the material of your jeans. If it doesn’t give when you move, it will force the jeans to tear around it instead. Make sure there is no bunching or pulling or the patch will end up bulky and stressed. Unless you’d like to place a colourful or conspicuous patch over the damaged area, slide the patch into the interior of the jeans, which should be kept right-side out. Another option is to use an iron on patch. Instead of pinning it, you can iron it on and then sew it in for more durability. If you sew it in by hand use an overcast stitch. Poke the needle up through the patch near the edge. Plunge the needle and thread back down through the denim just outside the edge of the patch and somewhat forward from where your needle emerged, creating a single diagonal stitch. Once again poke the needle up through the underside of the patch (near the edge and slightly forward) to create another diagonal stitch on the underside of the material.  Repeat until you’ve covered the entire perimeter of the patch in diagonal stitches. When you’re done, do the entire process over again only this time, move in the opposite direction to create diagonal stitches that cross the first set you made. The resulting effect will look like a string of Xs. Be careful and make sure you are not sewing two sides of your jeans together, or sewing the material from the inside of the pocket to the jean leg or crotch. Now that the patch is firmly in place, you can also sew closer to the edges of the tear to hold it down for a cleaner look. Re-sewing will reinforce the strength of the patch. But be aware that adding layer upon layer of stitches can lead to your jeans becoming stiff and uncomfortable.

SUMMARY: Find a patch or suitable patching material. Place the patch over the hole, lay your jeans flat, and pin the patch to the jeans. Or sew it in by hand. Re-sew around the perimeter of the hole if necessary.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If you have an older computer or one that doesn’t have much memory, this might impede on your beat making. Macs are typically considered to be the better option for music making apps, and are naturally geared towards creative work right out the box.   Don't underestimate the importance of choosing the type of computer that you are most comfortable with. The goal is to make creating beats feel like second nature, and Windows computers are more than capable.  Look for a computer that has at least 2 GB RAM, or random access memory. This is temporary storage within your computer that dictates how fast your computer runs. A DAW is a program used for editing, mixing, recording, and mastering digital audio files. This is what you'll actually be using to record instruments and add effects. While every software has its advantages, you need to keep in mind your specific needs while choosing one. Remember that your computer can also dictate what DAW you are able to use. GarageBand and Logic Studio, for instance, are only available on Apple computers.  Take your budget into account. This is most likely going to be an investment that you'll use for years to come, so consider if saving up a few extra hundred dollars will help you get the software of your dreams.  Consider your experience level. Pro Tools will be hard for beginners to comprehend, and if it's too daunting, you might give up prematurely. On the other hand, experienced beat makers might not find all the bells and whistles if they go with a beginner's software, and learning Pro Tools or Logic brings you to near-pro status once you've gotten over the learning curve. If you find using the mouse tedious and find yourself more inclined to use knobs, faders, and buttons, then you'll need to purchase an external controller or MIDI. Just like your mouse would, the knobs on a Midi device control pitch, tempo, volume and more. It may be difficult for you to hear the detailed music you're creating without some high-quality speakers. Studio monitor speakers make your music creations sound as accurate as possible because they are tuned to a flat response. Unlike other speakers which tend to emphasize bass or make notes sound fuller, these speakers will be consistent and precise. However, this means that the speakers don't color your creation in any way, so while you may not think it sounds good at first, you'll be able to recognize where you need work.  Active monitors already include a built-in amplifier. Aside from saving yourself from needing to purchase external equipment, this amp is made to ensure the best performance. Serious audiophiles, however, likely want an external receiver or amplifier. If this sounds too complicated, just stick to a set of speakers and don't worry about the amp. You want speakers with at least five inches woofers. While you can definitely make many beats with little more than a computer and speakers, you're going to up plenty of new doors if you invest in more precise music equipment. At minimum, you should consider:   Keyboards: Keyboards allow you to input notes straight into the computer. You can then assign these notes to any sound or instrument you want, making a keyboard invaluable for melody making, or even drumming (if you set the keys to drum sounds).  Drum Machines: These let you assign a sound to a set of pads you can then hit like real drums.  Microphone: You can record voices or raps, but also record any sounds you hear otherwise to incorporate into the beat.  MIDI Controllers: MIDI controllers give you the ability to adjust rhythm, drums, loops, tone,  and beats with complex but powerful controls. This is the level of precise control needed for professional sounding beats.

SUMMARY: Invest in a powerful computer. Find the right Digital Audio Workstation for your needs. Replace your desktop's speakers with external ones. Buy extra beat-making equipment.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: This is probably the most widely used method by the majority of growers, including many agricultural grain crops. There are many ways to pre-treat seed for attempting germination in the artificial setting of a greenhouse. These are processes used in an effort to overcome seed dormancy and reach successful germination on a human driven schedule. Mother Nature does a wonderful job of overcoming dormancy so seed will germinate at the safest time for the seedlings to emerge into a growth friendly environment. We try to imitate those processes to grow plants indoors successfully. All of these asexual methods develop plants that are essentially clones of the original specimens. Putting slips into a jar of water in the kitchen window until roots form are stem cuttings. This method as a high risk of mold developing.  Dividing clumps of plants, such as Hostas, when they get very large is another form of asexual propagation. Plant bits of a rhizome root will cause new plant growth and is another form of cutting. The practice of grafting which is often used with roses and fruit trees is a type of asexual propagation. Use layering with raspberry canes where they are bent over to the ground and covered with soil where new roots will develop.

SUMMARY:
Use sexual propagation for increasing plant numbers by germinating seed and growing the seedlings to maturity. Use asexual propagation for processes that involve using the leaf, stem, and root cuttings.