Plan on making the croutons up to half an hour before you plan on serving the salad. The croutons will need some time to cool.

Summary: Preheat the oven to 450°F (232°C).


Mother cats carry and control their kittens by firmly grabbing the scruff with their mouth. If you've ever seen a kitten get handled this way by its mother, you'll see that the kitten instinctively becomes still and draws his limbs close to his body. Many cats will continue to do this as adults when they are grabbed by the scruff. Avoid scruffing your cat in situations that would agitate the cat or increase the risk of injury for you or your cat.  When your cat is sleeping−just like how you would not want to be grabbed when you are sleeping, scruffing your cat when he is sleeping would startle him. When your cat is eating–let him finish eating first before doing something that may require him to be scruffed. When he is agitated or excited−he may be particularly difficult to calm down or handle while he is worked up, which could increase the likelihood of you being scratched or bitten.  If your cat has arthritis or is obese–scruffing can strain the neck muscles, which could be especially painful in a cat with arthritis or who is extremely overweight. If your cat does not have much scruff–some cats simply don't have much of a scruff. You should be able to sense this when you grab the scruff. Don't attempt to hold your cat if he has a meager scruff. If your cat is old−adult cats may feel humiliated or embarrassed when being scruffed. Although your cat may not be a fan of getting his nails trimmed, keeping him as still as possible will help you clip his nails more quickly and keep you from getting scratched or bitten.   Trim his nails when he is calm and relaxed, rather than he when is stressed or worked up from vigorous play.  Your cat should be laying down on a supportive surface (eg, table, counter top) when you scruff him to trim his nails. This will be more comfortable for both you and the cat. This step may require 2 people (1 person scruffing, 1 person trimming the nails). If you are trimming your cat's nails or administering medication to him, you will not need to lift him in the air after scruffing him. In these instances, you would gently push his head toward the supportive surface and use your other hand or arm to gently restrain his back end. Combing out mats in your cat’s fur is not the most comfortable experience for your cat; it may even be painful for him. Since he may want to move around when having the mats combed out, keeping him still will be important.  Just like with trimming your cat’s nails, place him on a supportive surface prior to scruffing him to comb out the mats. Use a wide-toothed comb.  With your free hand, hold the mat as close to the skin as possible and comb it out from the bottom to the top–just as you would do if you were combing out a knot in person’s hair. Cats can be particularly difficult when someone tries to give them medications. Keeping your cat still will increase your chances that you will be able to give him his treatment.  Scruff him on a supportive surface. If you are trying to give him a pill, tilt his head up slightly while you are scruffing him to put the pill in his mouth. For injectable medications, it may be safer to have your veterinarian or veterinary technician will scruff the cat and administer the medication, rather than trying to do this at home. This should be done sparingly, since scruffing him may actually make the situation worse.  If you must scruff him to discipline him, say the word ‘no’ while you are doing it so that he knows that he has misbehaved.  Also, scruff him gently to discipline him. Scruffing your cat roughly when he is in trouble will likely agitate him.

Summary: Understand why cats are more easily controlled when held by the scruff. Become familiar with situations in which you should  not  scruff a cat. Scruff your cat when you are trimming his nails. Scruff your cat to comb out matted (clumped) fur. Scruff your cat when giving him medications. Scruff your cat to discipline him.


Head to your email website, such as Gmail, and log in. " In Gmail, this is found in a little gear symbol in the top right corner. Many other clients simply have the word "Preference" or "Settings." This could have many names, but all of them should have something similar to "Forwarding." Other phrases to look out for include:  "Forwarding and POP/IMAP" "IMAP Settings" "Mail Forwarding." "POP/IMAP"

Summary: Open your current email account on the internet. Click on "Settings" or "Preferences. Navigate to "Forwarding" in the preferences.


Photographs can be damaged from exposure to water, sunlight, heat, and moisture in the air. Humidity can cause photographs to stick together, while high temperatures cause photographs to become very brittle. Store your photographs in an environment that has low humidity, is not exposed to direct sunlight, and does not experience extreme temperature fluctuations. Ideally, the temperature should be below 75° Fahrenheit. Do not store photos in a hot attic or in a garage or basement where the images may come into contact with water. Keep your photographs in a temperature-controlled section of the house, like a bedroom or hallway closet. Archival boxes and albums provide a safe environment for your photographs that keep out humidity, pests, and dust. You can find these items from online vendors and from a stationery or office supply shop. When browsing for archival boxes or albums, be sure that they are intended for photo storage and are free from acid and PVC, or polyvinyl chloride. Place a silica gel packet in the box to help offset any excess moisture. If an album or storage box is packed to the brim with photos, it may not close properly, leaving the photos susceptible to environmental damage. A box that is not filled enough may also cause damage to the photographs. When there are only a few items in the container, the images may slide around, causing damage to the edges. Be sure that the photographs are secure and that the storage bin can properly close.
Summary: Store photos in a climate-controlled environment. Keep photos in archival boxes and albums. Properly store the photographs in a bin or album.