Summarize the following:
Before you begin to calibrate and use your pH meter you will first need to turn it on and allow adequate time for the meter to warm up. This should generally take around 30 minutes, but check your pH meter's operating manual for exact times. Take the electrode out of its storage solution and rinse it with distilled water under an empty waste beaker. Once rinsed, blot dry with Kimwipes or Shurwipes, which are available at most office supply stores.  Be sure to rinse your electrode in a waste beaker that is different from the beaker you will be calibrating in.  Avoid rubbing the electrode as it has a sensitive membrane around it. If you find the electrode to be particularly dirty consult your operating manual for recommended cleaning solutions. You will generally need more than one buffer for calibrating a pH meter. The first will be a “neutral” buffer with a pH of 7, and the second should be near the expected sample pH, either a pH of 4 or 9.21. Buffers with a higher pH (9.21) are best for measuring bases, whereas buffers with a low pH (4) are best for measuring acidic samples. Once you have chosen your buffers allow them to reach the same temperature as the pH meter because pH readings are temperature dependent. Pour your buffers into individual beakers for calibration.  Check with your pH meter manufacturer, or current educational or professional institution, about acquiring pH buffer solutions. Buffers should be kept in a beaker for no longer than two hours. Discard the buffer when you are finished. Do not return it to its original container.

summary: Turn on your pH meter. Clean your electrode. Prepare your buffers.


Summarize the following:
This opens the notification panel. It’s at the top of the screen. A confirmation message will appear. The airplane icon will turn blue, which means airplane mode is enabled. This means you can't make or receive phone calls or use mobile data. Incoming calls will be routed right to voicemail. To turn off airplane mode, open the notification panel, then tap the airplane icon again.

summary: Swipe down from the top of the home screen. Tap the gray airplane icon. Tap OK.


Summarize the following:
You don’t need to pretend like your loved one isn’t dying, or even act like things are looking up when they’re not. The person you’re with will appreciate the fact that you’re being honest and open and won’t want you to act like nothing is wrong. That said, you should still treat your loved one with kindness and make sure to be sensitive to his or her needs. You may be at a loss for words, but when you’re in doubt, make sure you say something that makes your loved one feel better, as much as that is possible. Some people and cultures are uncomfortable talking about dying. If your loved one feels that way, avoid discussing death. Another thing you can do when you talk to your loved one is to ask how you can make the day easier. This can mean running some simple errands, making a phone call or two, or even getting a snack for the person. Maybe your loved one wants a hand massage or just to hear a funny joke; don’t be afraid to ask about what you can do to ease the pain. Your loved one may feel like asking you to help out even more would be a burden, so you can take the initiative and ask yourself. If the person really doesn’t want help, accept it and move on. Your loved one may want to start talking about an old memory or may have a story or an idea to share. You should encourage him or her to talk, even if the subject matter is painful or serious. Just be there for them and let them know that you care about what they have to say. If they’re not thinking clearly or losing their train of thought, then you can be there to help out. Encourage the person by making eye contact and asking the right questions after he or she speaks. If the person is really making him or herself agitated by talking, you can talk about slowing down a bit or taking a break. But in general, talking is the person’s right, so allow them to take the lead. While you should be honest and open with the person who is dying, you can also hold back when it’s necessary. Sometimes being too honest will only lead the dying person to feel your pain and to feel a loss of control because he or she can’t do anything to stop it. If your mother asks you if you and your brother are still feuding, for example, it may be best to say that you’re patching things up even if you’re only just working on it; in these cases, offering a bit of relief may be better than the brutal truth. When you look back on these white lies, you won’t regret telling them. However, you may regret being too honest when the moment would have been better if a white lie was given. You may think that everything has to be solemn when a person is dying, but your loved one may have other plans. Maybe he or she just wants to spend the final days laughing, talking about college football, or telling hilarious old stories. If you’re trying to make everything serious, then the dying person may wish you could change the topic to brighten the mood once in a while. It's okay to make jokes, tell the story of a funny thing that happened to you that morning, or ask if your loved one is in the mood for comedy. Lightening the mood can bring some joy to the tense situation. The sense of hearing is often the last sense to go when people pass away. You may feel like there’s no sense of talking to the person if he or she is in a coma or just resting, but your loved one may very well hear the words you’re saying. Just the sound of your voice will bring peace and comfort. Say what’s on your mind, even if you're unsure if it will be heard. Your words alone will make a difference, even if the person you’re talking to doesn’t respond right away or may not be able to hear you. If your loved one is reaching the very end, he or she may suffer from a hallucination due to medication or disorientation. If this is the case, then there are two things you can do. If the person is seeing something unpleasant and is afraid or pained by it, you can gently try to coax that person into reality by saying it’s not really there; but if the person is seeing something pleasant and seems happy about the vision, then there’s no sense in telling the person that he or she is hallucinating; just let the person be comforted.
summary: Be honest while being kind. Ask how you can help. Encourage them to talk if they want to. Don’t bring up hurtful topics. Take your conversational cues from the other person. Keep talking even if there’s no answer. Know what to say if the person is hallucinating.