INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Click or double-click the Excel app icon, which resembles a white "X" on a dark-green background. It's in the upper-left side of the page. By default, the "Form" button isn't included in Excel. You can add it to Excel's list of "Quick Access" icons that appear in the top-left corner of the window by doing the following:  Click File. Click Options in the bottom-left side of the window. Click Quick Access Toolbar on the left side of the window. Click the "Choose commands from" drop-down box at the top of the window. Click All Commands. Scroll down until you reach Form, then click it. Click Add >> in the middle of the window. Click OK. Type the name of the column into which you want to add data into the top cell in each column you want to use. For example, if you're creating a form that lists different baked items, you might type "Pumpkin Bread" into cell A1, "Muffins" into cell B1, and so on. Click and hold the left-most column header, then drag your mouse right to the right-most column header. You can then release your mouse button. It's the box-shaped icon in the upper-left side of the Excel window, just right of the right-facing "Redo" button. Doing so opens the Form pop-up window. Type whatever you want to add into each column header's text box. It's in the upper-right side of the pop-up window. Doing this will automatically enter your typed data into the spreadsheet under the appropriate column headers. Each time you finish filling out the data entry fields, clicking New will enter your data and start a new row. Click Close on the right side of the window to do so. Your data should now be completely entered below the appropriate column headers.

SUMMARY: Open Excel. Click Blank workbook. Add the "Form" button to Excel. Enter your column headers. Select your column headers. Click the "Form" button. Click OK when prompted. Enter the data for your first row. Click New. Enter subsequent rows of information. Close the data entry form.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Load-bearing dry stack walls should be started at the corners. Begin constructing corners by laying 1 stone in the corner of the trench. Then lay 3 stones extending out in each direction. This forms the corner joint. If the wall is more than 1 stone thick, lay more stones parallel to the first ones. Act as if each section represents one stone. Construction bricks are designed to interlock at corners. The 4 stones you laid from each direction forms the first layer of cornerstones. For the second layer, overlap the first stone by laying another on top of it. Continue interlocking the stones as you build upward, alternating which side lays over the other.  The interlocking stone structure should look like a zipper going up. Stack 3 to 5 layers of stones at the corner before filling in the rest of the wall. Then if you need to go higher, stack more layers at the corners. After constructing the corners, extend outward from here and fill in the rest of the trench. Interlocking bricks have shapes cut into them that line up with the other bricks. Fit the bricks together as you lay them in place. Place the bricks in the trench all along the perimeter to form the first layer.  Make sure each rock you place is secure. Push it down to lock it in place snugly. Pound them down gently with a rubber mallet if you have to. Always stack a complete layer around the whole perimeter before starting another layer. When starting a new layer, each rock should overlap the joint between the rocks below it. This helps make your wall more stable. Continue this pattern as you stack more layers. If your bricks are smaller and you need to use more than one to cover the width of the trench, make sure the stones nearby touch each other. Otherwise, the wall won’t be able to support much weight. Part of the reason you need a stem wall is to keep ground moisture away from the structure you’re building. Stacking the wall at least 1.5 feet (0.46 m) above ground level helps keep your structure dry and avoids water damage. Do not build the stem wall higher than 8 feet (2.4 m). A wall higher than this requires extra reinforcement. Many localities even ban stem walls higher than 4 feet (1.2 m) for safety reasons.

SUMMARY: Lay a cornerstone in each corner. Construct the corners by interlocking stones. Lay the stones down for the first layer of your wall. Stagger the rocks as you start new layers. Stack your wall at least 1.5 feet (0.46 m) above the ground level.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: It can be difficult to focus on your online course if you have a social media account open in another tab or are receiving notifications on your computer. When you’re doing classwork, avoid browsing the Internet, checking your email, and other distractions. If necessary, you can install an app that will restrict your access to certain websites during a designated period of time so you can focus on your studies. Never go into a study session undirected. Have specific goals each time you sit down to study. You can break the material up into chunks and study one chunk at a time. Make a schedule for yourself, with individual study sessions divided by topic. You should also remember your overall academic goals when you study. This can help with your motivation. Think about how a good grade will contribute to your overall GPA. Think about how the material will benefit you after the course. Simple memorization can only go so far. One of the most effective means to memorize material is giving yourself tests and quizzes. Quizzing can improve memorization because of a process called "retrieval." Every time a memory is retrieved, it becomes more accessible in the future. If there are practice tests and quizzes available online, take as many as you can. You can also make up tests and quizzes for yourself.  Flashcards can be a great way to test yourself on things like vocabulary and dates. You can also write down potential exam questions as you study. This can be very helpful if you're expecting an essay test. After you finish studying, take the test you made for yourself. Studying for long hours can easily lead to burnout. It's important to take breaks as you study. Take a break about every hour or so. Do something fun, like watch TV for a few minutes or go for a brief walk, and then return to your materials. You will find yourself feeling refreshed and recharged after a quick break. Remember, your instructor in an online course is a valuable resource. Just because you don't see them every day does not mean you can't reach out to them. If you stumble across anything confusing while studying, do not hesitate to send your instructor an email asking for clarification. If you have a web camera, try setting up a video chat meeting with your instructor for face-to-face feedback.

SUMMARY:
Avoid online distractions. Have goals for each study session. Quiz and test yourself. Take breaks. Reach out to instructors with questions.