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The soil should never be allowed to dry out completely. Not enough water and overwatering can cause the leaves to turn yellow and drop from the plant. If the leaves begin to turn yellow, water the plant less often if the soil is still wet or more often if the soil appears dry between waterings. This way, any water splashed on the leaves will be dry before evening. Cold tap water will chill your plant's roots and stress your plants, causing it to drop its leaves. Wet leaves and cooler nighttime temperatures also provide a breeding ground for leaf spot. If your plant develops brown or black spots on its leaves, snip the damaged leaves off at the base and throw them away. Use water-soluble houseplant fertilizer diluted to half-strength. The half-strength dilution rate for most water-soluble fertilizers is about ½ teaspoon per gallon of water but it could be slightly higher or lower. Check the label for the manufacturer's recommended dilution rate and reduce the amount by half.  Aim for a balanced houseplant fertilizer with a ratio of 8-8-8 or 10-10-10. Too little fertilizer will cause the prayer plant to grow slowly or not at all. Too much fertilizer will burn the roots and cause the leaves to develop dry brown edges. When given the correct amount of fertilizer, prayer plants will have healthy green stems and leaves and grow vigorously. Use a peat-based potting mix with a pH of 5.5 to 6.0 or mix two parts sphagnum peat moss, one part loamy soil, and one part perlite or coarse sand together.  Stir all of the ingredients together until they are thoroughly mixed. Sphagnum peat moss, loamy soil, perlite, and coarse sand can be purchased at local garden centers. Purchase only clean, pre-packaged materials that have been commercially processed and are free of insects and weed seeds. When the container for the plant becomes full of roots, the potting mix dries out very quickly, causing the prayer plant to grow very slowly. This condition is called pot-bound. The new container for your plant should be only 1 to 2 inches wider than the old one. Put 1 inch of potting mix in the bottom of the new container, remove the prayer plant from the old container, place it in the new container and finish filling it with the potting mix. Once it's been repotted, water it generously to settle the soil around the roots. You can divide your prayer plant into several smaller plants by gently shaking the soil off the roots and working them apart. Each new plant should have a good mass of roots and several stems. Pot these new smaller plants up separately in small, shallow pots. Use sharp scissors or hand pruners to snip a few of the stems back by a few inches. Make the cuts just above a leaf. New stems and leaves will grow from the growth nodes located below the cut where the remaining leaf is growing, so you will have lots of prayer plants to enjoy in your home.

Summary:
Water the prayer plant when the top of the potting soil is just starting to get dry. Use room-temperature water on the plant in the morning. Fertilize your prayer plant every two weeks from early spring through to the fall. Make your own potting mix for your plant. Only repot the prayer plant in the spring or summer if it becomes pot-bound. Divide the plant into smaller plants once it has been repotted. Trim your plants two to three times a year to help them grow more vigorously.