INPUT ARTICLE: Article: The first sentence or two of your introduction should pull the reader in. You want anyone reading your essay to be fascinated, intrigued, or even outraged. You can't do this if you don't know who your likely readers are.  If you're writing a paper for a class, don't automatically assume your instructor is your audience. If you write directly to your instructor, you'll end up glossing over some information that is necessary to show that you properly understand the subject of your essay. It can be helpful to reverse-engineer your audience based on the subject matter of your essay. For example, if you're writing an essay about a women's health issue for a women's studies class, you might identify your audience as young women within the age range most affected by the issue. A startling or shocking statistic can grab your audience's attention by immediately teaching them something they didn't know. Having learned something new in the first sentence, people will be interested to see where you go next.  For this hook to be effective, your fact needs to be sufficiently surprising. If you're not sure, test it on a few friends. If they react by expressing shock or surprise, you know you've got something good. Use a fact or statistic that sets up your essay, not something you'll be using as evidence to prove your thesis statement. Facts or statistics that demonstrate why your topic is important (or should be important) to your audience typically make good hooks. Particularly with personal or political essays, use your hook to get your reader emotionally involved in the subject matter of your story. You can do this by describing a related hardship or tragedy. For example, if you were writing an essay proposing a change to drunk driving laws, you might open with a story of how the life of a victim was changed forever after they were hit by a drunk driver. In your reading and research for your essay, you may have come across an entertaining or interesting anecdote that, while related, didn't really fit into the body of your essay. Such an anecdote can work great as a hook.  For example, if you're writing an essay about a public figure, you might include an anecdote about an odd personal habit that cleverly relates back to your thesis statement. Particularly with less formal papers or personal essays, humorous anecdotes can be particularly effective hooks. If you're writing a persuasive essay, consider using a relevant question to draw your reader in and get them actively thinking about the subject of your essay.  For example: "What would you do if you could play God for a day? That's exactly what the leaders of the tiny island nation of Guam tried to answer." If your essay prompt was a question, don't just  repeat it in your paper. Make sure to come up with your own intriguing question. Generalizations and clichés, even if presented to contrast with your point, won't help your essay. In most cases, they'll actually hurt by making you look like an unoriginal or lazy writer. Broad, sweeping generalizations may ring false with some readers and alienate them from the start. For example, "everyone wants someone to love" would alienate someone who identified as aromantic or asexual.

SUMMARY: Identify your audience. Use the element of surprise. Tug at your reader's heart-strings. Offer a relevant example or anecdote. Ask a thought-provoking question. Avoid clichés and generalizations.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Walking in the highest heels isn't like the walking you learned to do when you were a child, so you have to do a few things that might feel counterintuitive: Take small, slow steps, making sure not to bend your knees any more than you normally would. You'll notice that high heels tend to shorten your stride a bit. The taller the heel, the shorter the stride ends up being. Don't try to fight this by taking bigger steps—stick with small, dainty steps which will make your walk look more natural and help you to feel more comfortable. Wearing heeled shoes shifts your centre of gravity, and your lower back arches in order to compensate if you don't maintain excellent posture.  Imagine there is a piece of invisible string holding your head upright—your head should be in line with your spine and your chin should be parallel with the floor. Avoid looking down when walking in high heels!  Put your shoulders back and down and keep your arms relaxed at your sides. Swing your arms slightly as you walk for balance.  Keep your abdominal muscles engaged, sucking your belly button towards your spine. This will help your stand up straighter while also making your look thinner.  Bend your knees slightly, they should never be locked when walking in heels. Keep your legs close together as you walk and point your toes directly ahead. Wear your heels for a day around the house before you wear them out. This will not only allow you to get used to wearing them, but it will also create scuffs on the bottom so that they're less slippery. Make sure you practice doing all the things you would normally do while walking, such as: walking, stopping, pivoting, and turning around.
Summary: Take smaller steps. Improve your posture. Practice wearing your heels around the house.

You should point at the dolphin and point lead the dolphin to a station directly in front of you. Maintain eye contact and stationing behavior of dolphin at all times.  At this point, the dolphin will lay backwards and present its flukes (tail) for you. If dolphin does not present its tail correctly, complete a Least Reinforcing Stimulus (LRS) by waiting three seconds and ignoring the dolphin.  Then try the hand maneuvers again.  If the dolphin layout is requested three times and not done properly, stop sample behavior and move on; try the sample later in the day, or next day.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Walk onto the platform, with food bucket in hand for positive reinforcement. Walk to about 5 inches (12.7 cm) from the edge of the platform, still directly in front of the dolphin, and kneel down. With the dolphin still at the station, place your right hand gently on the dolphin's rostrum (nose). With the hand that is on the dolphins’ rostrum, gently push towards dolphin, as if pushing the dolphin's head away from you. Gently grab onto its flukes and place into your lap, allowing the dolphin to relax and feel comfortable.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Rub a damp rag over the bar of saddle soap.  Move the rag in a circular motion.  Check the damp rag intermittently, looking for a sudsy layer on the rag. Rub the rag across the dye you wish to remove from the leather.  You should begin to see a reduction in the intensity of the dye staining the leather. After applying the saddle soap lather to the leather, rinse the rag in clean water.  Wring it out so that it is damp rather than soaked through.  Gently wipe away any soap residue that remains on the leather. After using saddle soap, you’ll need to use conditioner to add moisture to the leather.  Dab a bit of the conditioner on a soft cloth.  Rub the conditioner into the leather using a firm circular motion.  There are several different types of leather conditioners available, including mink oil, leather honey, and neatsfoot oil. Even if you aren’t removing dye from leather, it’s a good idea to apply conditioner to your leather once a month in order to keep it looking shiny and new.

SUMMARY:
Work the soap into a lather. Apply the lather to the stained leather. Wipe the leather off. Condition your leather.