Depending on the species of grapes you are planting, spacing will be different for each plant. For American and European grapes, plant each vine 6–10 feet (1.8–3.0 m) apart. Muscadines require much more space, and should be planted approximately 16 feet (4.9 m) apart. Plant the cuttings in a trench with the basal and center bud covered. The top bud should be just above the soil surface. Press the soil firmly around the newly planted grapevine cuttings.  How deep you plant the vines will depend on the age and size of each individual plant. Don’t bury the vine cane any higher than the first bud, but make sure the roots are completely covered in soil. Grapevines don’t prefer heavy water or rain, so after the first watering keep the amount of water you give them to a minimum. Keep water near the roots so that the majority of it gets absorbed rather than evaporated by the sun. If your area doesn’t get much rain, set up a drip system directly at the roots so that the grapevines get small amounts of water on a regular basis. The first year, the grapevine should not be allowed to produce any fully matured fruits as these can damage the young vine with their weight. Cut back all the fruit, as well as all the vines except for the strongest that branch off the cane. In later years prune as needed following established local practices, and prune back 90% of the new growth on older vines each year. Always always prune grapevines when they are dormant. They will otherwise bleed their sap - losing vigour. This is typically in late winter when it is no longer cold enough to frost outside. . A layer of mulch around your plants will regulate soil temperature, retain water, and reduce weeds. Little pest control is needed as grapevines are naturally hardy. Keep weeds at bay by hand-weeding on a regular basis, and cover you grapevines in bird net to keep birds away if necessary. Seek guidance from your local gardening club or agricultural extension on how to combat the Vine Moth. It is one of the few pests that can decimate grapevines.  Be sure to plant the grapevines so they receive enough airflow to prevent powdery mildew. Aphids can be a problem for grapevines; ladybugs are a natural consumer of aphids and will not damage your vines further. Strong, edible fruit likely won’t appear for anywhere from 1-3 years. When it appears, test its ripeness by picking a few grapes from different areas and tasting them. If the grapes are sweet, start picking as they ready for harvesting and eating.  Grapes will not continue to ripen after picking (as is the case with other fruits) so be sure not to pick them prematurely. Color and size are not necessarily a good indication of ripe fruit. Only pick the fruit after you’ve tasted it and are certain it is ready.
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One-sentence summary -- Plant your grapevines. Give your plants a good watering. Prune your grapevines. Prune vines when dormant. Mulch around the vines Apply pest control as needed. Harvest your grapes when appropriate.

Q: It is a common mistake to try to clean white Keds using bleach, but bleach can actually cause canvas to turn yellow. These stains may be permanent, but there are a few techniques you can try before giving up.  Mix half a cup of cream of tartar with a quart of hot water. Soak your Keds in this overnight. You can also try making a paste out of baking soda and water. Apply this paste to the canvas, and leave it overnight. Clean as usual the next day. Applying hydrogen peroxide directly to the stains may also help. If it doesn't work at first, try a few more applications. Salt stains may appear on your shoes during winter if the streets and sidewalks are salted. To remove salt stains, mix one part vinegar with two parts water. Using a paper towel or white cloth, blot the stain with the mixture. Take another clean cloth dampened with just water, and dab the vinegar away. Let them dry completely before wearing. Mold and mildew can form if your Keds became wet and dried improperly. To get rid of mold and mildew, mix equal parts water and rubbing alcohol. Use a rag or cotton towel to apply this solution to the mildew and gently scrub it away. Rinse the shoes afterwards. Mix a mild laundry detergent with about one tablespoon of bleach. Use a white cloth or toothbrush to apply this mixture to the non-canvas parts of the shoe, such as the sole and the white border around the bottom of the shoe. Scrub to remove dirt. Do not apply any solution with bleach in it to the canvas, as it may cause the canvas to stain yellow.
A: Apply homemade solutions for yellow stains. Mix vinegar and water to remove salt stains. Use rubbing alcohol to get rid of mildew. Scrub the soles to get rid of dirt and grass stains.

Article: As your friend begins to feel better, keep your friend moving beyond depression by planning some fun outings. Choose activities that you both enjoy and make plans to do those things so that your friend will always have something to look forward to. Plan to go to the movies together, go on a weekend hike, or have coffee together. Just make sure that you do not pressure your friend into doing anything that he or she is not ready to do. Be patient and persistent. Laughter is known as the best medicine for a reason. Recent studies have shown that laughter helps to alleviate the symptoms of depression and make people who are depressed feel more connected to others. You probably know what makes your friend laugh better than anyone else does, so make sure that you use that knowledge laugh with them on a regular basis.  Make sure that you only use humor in appropriate situations. If your friend is opening up to you or crying, you might not want to tell a joke at that moment. Do not be discouraged or feel inadequate if your friend does not laugh. Sometimes it is very hard to feel anything at all, even good things, but this will hopefully get better with time. Just because your friend is feeling better does not mean that he or she is cured. Depression is episodic, which means that it often comes back. It is common for people who have depression to suffer from multiple bouts of depression over a lifetime. If your friend appears to be sinking back into depression, ask them what’s going on.  Say something like, “I noticed you seem very tired lately. When did you start feeling this way?” Offer your help the same way that you did before and continue to encourage your friend as you have been. Helping a friend who is battling depression is hard work. To make sure that you do not suffer an emotional crisis, you will need to take very good care of yourself as well. Make sure that you set aside at least 30 minutes each day that is just for you. Use that time to focus on your needs, pamper yourself, or just to do something that you want to do. Make sure that whatever you do nurtures your physical, spiritual, and/or emotional needs. Some ways that you can use this time include:  take a yoga class take a bubble bath read a book journal about your thoughts and feelings meditate or pray go for a walk or bike ride spend time with other people who can help support and encourage you as you help your friend with depression
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Plan some fun outings together. Laugh with your friend. Watch for recurrences of depression symptoms. Take care of yourself.