Summarize the following:
and avoid shallow chest breathing. It’s easy to get in the habit of taking short, shallow breaths without even realizing it. However, it’s important to train yourself to breathe deeply since deep breaths are better at oxygenating your body and can actually help reduce stress. Take a moment to pay attention to your breathing. If only your chest is rising and falling when you breathe, you’re likely taking shallow breaths. You want to use your diaphragm when you breathe, which is a thin muscle underneath your lungs. When you take a deep breath, your diaphragm moves downward and gives your lungs more room to fill up and expand. You'll know you're breathing with your diaphragm if your belly expands when you inhale. Breathing through your nose helps purify the air so you’re not inhaling as many irritants. It also helps regulate the temperature of the air you’re breathing in. If you normally breathe through your mouth, practice closing your mouth and inhaling through your nose. Then, exhale through your nose or mouth, whichever is most comfortable. Inhaling through your nose might be difficult at first if you’re used to breathing with your mouth, but it will get easier over time with practice. Slouching and tensing your muscles makes it harder to take full, deep breaths. Instead, you want to stand up straight, relax your shoulders, and loosen your joints so it’s easier to breathe.  Try slouching forward, lifting your shoulders up toward your head so they’re tense, and taking a deep breath. Then, stand up straight, relax your shoulders, and take another deep breath. You should be able to feel how much easier it is to breathe when you have good posture and you're relaxed. Whenever you catch yourself slouching or tensing up, adjust your posture and take a moment to relax your muscles. Since you don’t usually realize that you’re breathing, it can be tricky to notice whether or not you’re doing it properly. However, you can schedule regular check-ins throughout the day—like first thing in the morning and at lunchtime—to get a better idea of how you’re breathing. Try to check in at the same time every day so it becomes a routine. Being more mindful of your breathing can help you make adjustments if necessary. For example, if you notice that you’re taking shallow breaths whenever you check on your breathing, you’ll know to work on taking deeper breaths from your diaphragm. Taking deep, purposeful breaths can actually help you calm down and think more clearly in stressful or scary situations. To make deep breathing easier, try practicing a couple breathing exercises so you can use them the next time you're feeling overwhelmed.  For example, you can quickly relax when you're feeling stressed by taking deep breaths through your nose and then sighing out loud on your exhales. If you ever feel like you're on the verge of having a panic attack, take a deep breath in for 3 seconds, hold it for 3 seconds, and then slowly exhale through pursed lips. Repeat the exercise until you calm down. To stop hyperventilating, try inhaling slowly through your nose for 7 seconds and then exhaling for a count of 11.

summary: Take deep breaths Inhale through your nose instead of your mouth. Maintain good posture and keep your body relaxed. Check in on your breathing throughout the day to see if you’re improving. Try calming breathing exercises whenever you're feeling anxious or stressed.


Summarize the following:
"  Learning to count by twos, fives, and tens to 100 will improve your child's understanding of number relationships and begin to provide easy reference points. "  "Doubles" are math facts such as "3 + 3 = 6" or "8 + 8 = 16."  Again, these facts provide easy reference points as students learn to add.  A child who knows instinctively that "8 + 8 = 16," for example, can more easily figure out the sum of "8 + 9" by simply adding one to the total. Try grouping cards by fact families to emphasize the relationships among these numbers.  While students should recognize how numbers interact with each other, rote memorization of basic math facts will provide a complementary foundation for moving on to more complicated arithmetic.
summary: Instruct children in "skip counting. Encourage children to memorize "doubles. Use flash cards to stimulate memorization.