In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Installing a shorter lever arm is the best way to adapt a racer for speed. However, if the lever is too short, it will spin out. There is no precise formula for how long the lever should be. Experiment to see how short you can get the lever while maintaining control of the car. Longer lever arms will extend the time in which the axle is pulled, making it travel longer distances before the car reaches maximum speed. As a result, it will go slower, but move further. When you increase the size of the wheel, the amount of torque necessary to begin a rotation increases as well. A smaller wheel is easier to turn. So you should make sure that your driving (front) wheel is as small as possible. A good standard is approximately 3 inches (7.6 cm) in diameter.  Use materials that are as lightweight as possible. A larger wheel means more rotational inertia, which keeps the wheel moving once it gets going, but reduces acceleration. A smaller wheel is a trade-off between distance and speed. The overall distance traveled will decrease as you reduce the size of the driving wheel. Experiment to determine what the most functional design is. The greater the ratio of the diameter of the axle to the wheel, the less force will be required to accelerate the car. In other words, you should match a larger axle with a smaller wheel to increase acceleration.  Conversely, a mousetrap racer built for distance should have a smaller axle and a larger driving wheel.  One way to adapt the size of the axle is to wrap tape around the center of the axle, where it does not come into contact with the frame. This added weight will increase the torque of the axle.  Experiment to find the correct amount of torque by adding and removing layers of tape. For the wheel to pick up speed it needs to create pressure against the ground. For the wheel, use a material with a rough texture around the outside to give the wheel traction. Alternatively, cut something that has a rough surface such as a rubber balloon. Glue strips of this material to the outside of the wheel to give it traction. There are so many variables involved in the physics of a mousetrap racer that even similarly built cars operate differently. The only way to perfect your model is to experiment with small variations in design to determine what works best. Study mousetrap racers that have won competitions in the past. Learn from designs that you know work.
Summary: Shorten the lever arm. Find smaller wheels. Increase the size of the axle. Increase traction. Keep on trying.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Ball mason jars were produced for many years with the year 1858 printed on them, but this is no indication of the age of jar itself. Rather, 1858 is the year that John Mason was granted a patent for his mason jar design, and the Ball company used this patent year on many jars. This was another patent date that was printed on many mason jars, and that has no bearing on the year of production. In fact, Ball used this patent date on their jars well into the 1930s, so this year cannot be used to accurately date a Ball jar. Many Ball mason jars have a number printed on the bottom of the jar, but this is a mold number that does not indicate the year of production. Rather, the mold number tells you where the jar was positioned on the glass-making machine that was used to produce it. Mold numbers are generally a number between zero and 15, and they’ll sometimes have a letter included as well.
Summary: Ignore the 1858 patent year. Ignore the 1908 patent date. Ignore the mold number on the jar.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Having hands-on experience with wedding planning will give you practical knowledge that you can use for your business.  You’re likely to get references from colleagues and suggestions for clients as well. This will supplement any formal knowledge you have and give you practical experience working in the field.  Your boss can also act as a reference for you with potential clients. Internships are often unpaid. The experience you gain will be more valuable than a paycheck. Your boss could wind up a long-term mentor as you rise through the profession. It might be useful to take a job with a smaller company at first. This will give you the chance to work in all aspects of wedding planning and greatly increase your knowledge. This will give you the valuable hands-on experience you need -- to say nothing of the chance to prospect for clients at the same time.  Use these friends and family members as references.  Be sure to take photos of any event you work on for your portfolio and future marketing efforts. Use these images on your website or in brochures. Having a list of people whom you can ask questions, draw upon for services, or who are interested in hiring you will put your business on the path to success even in its infancy.  You can meet appropriate people almost anywhere, especially at industry conferences, wedding expos, vendor shops, and, of course, at weddings. Never stop practicing interpersonal skills as you develop your network.
Summary:
Gather experience as a wedding planner. Intern with a wedding planner or event-planning firm. Plan events for friends and family at no cost. Network with other wedding planners and potential clients and vendors.