Higher-level speed calculations can get confusing because mathematicians and scientists use different definitions for "speed" and "velocity". A velocity has two components: a magnitude and a direction. The magnitude is equal to the object's speed. A change in the direction will cause a change in the velocity, but not in the speed.  For example, let's say that there are two cars moving in opposite directions. Both cars' speedometers read 50 km/hr, so they both have the same speed. However, since they are moving apart from each other, we say that one car has a velocity of -50 km/hr and one has a velocity of 50 km/hr. Just as you can calculate instantaneous speed, you can also calculate instantaneous velocity. Objects can have velocities with a negative magnitude (if they are moving in a negative direction relative to something else). However, there's no such thing as a negative speed, so in these cases the absolute value of the magnitude gives the object's speed. For this reason, in the example problem above, both cars have a speed of 50 km/hr. If you have a function s(t) that gives you the position of an object with regards to time, the derivative of s(t) will give you its velocity with regards to time. Just plug a time value into this equation for the variable t (or whatever the time value is) to get the velocity at this given time. From here, finding the speed is easy.  For example, let's say that an object's position in meters is given with the equation 3t2 + t - 4 where t = time in seconds. We want to know what the speed of the object is at t = 4 seconds. In this case, we can solve like this:  3t2 + t - 4 s'(t) = 2 × 3t + 1 s'(t) = 6t + 1   Now, we plug in t = 4: s'(t) = 6(4) + 1 = 24 + 1 = 25 meters/second. This is technically a velocity measurement, but since it's positive and direction is not mentioned in the problem, we can essentially use it for speed. Acceleration is a way of measuring the change in an object's velocity over time. This topic is a little too complex to explain fully in this article. However, it's useful to note that when you have a function a(t) that gives acceleration with regards to time, the integral of a(t) will give you velocity with regards to time. Note that it's helpful to know the object's initial velocity so that you can define the constant that results from an indefinite integral.  For example, let's say that an object has a constant acceleration (in m/s2 given by a(t) = -30. Let's also say that it has an initial velocity of 10 m/s. We need to find its speed at t = 12 s. In this case, we can solve like this:  a(t) = -30 v(t)= ∫ a(t)dt =  ∫ -30dt = -30t + C   To find C, we'll solve v(t) for t = 0. Remember that the object's initial velocity is 10 m/s.  v(0) = 10 = -30(0) + C 10 = C, so v(t) = -30t + 10   Now, we can just plug in t = 12 seconds. v(12) = -30(12) + 10 = -360 + 10 = -350. Since speed is the absolute value of velocity, the object's speed is 350 meters/second.
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One-sentence summary -- Understand that speed is defined as the magnitude of velocity. Use absolute values for negative velocities. Take the derivative of a position function. Take the integral of an acceleration function.

Q: Measure out the bulgur and add it to a glass, ceramic, or metal bowl. Some plastic containers are also heat-proof. Check to see if your container is microwave safe before using it to soak the bulgur with boiling water. Don’t place the bulgur in anything that might melt, such as a plastic or Styrofoam. When the bulgur reaches the desired consistency, pour it into a colander over a sink to drain off the excess water. If there’s no excess water left in the bowl, you can skip this. Store your extra bulgur in an air-tight container in the refrigerator for up to 3 days.
A: Place 1 cup (240 g) of bulgur in a heat-proof bowl. Drain off any excess water after the bulgur is cooked.

Article: If local hospitals or community organizations are not actively advertising an event, check lists of national organizations or check museums, concert halls, schools, and conference centers for other events. Many organizations can benefit greatly by even small donations.  If you are unable to make a financial gift, consider donating your time as a volunteer or making a public appearance at a rally or event to show your support. Some organizations use ribbons, colors, silence, prayer, and other free activities to spread the word about mental health issues.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Find an event in your area. Donate your time or money to an event.

Article: First dates are important. You get to learn a lot about the person and then use that information to help you decide if you have found a match. Some questions you can ask on a first date to help you get to know the girl include:  How was your day/week? What do you like to do for fun? What kind of music do you like? Where do you like to go on vacations? Do you like your job? What are you passionate about? Do you have roommates or do you live alone? On your first date, you can begin to get a better idea if this girl meets your criteria for a “sweet” girl. Is she nice? Intelligent? Funny? Optimistic? Think about the list of traits and interests you made to help you figure out if she is someone you want to spend more time with, such as on a second date. You might get a sense that this person is not someone you can or want to spend much time around. However, there are some red flags to watch out for as well. Try to keep a mental log of these along with any positive traits or interests the person has. Some red flags to watch for include:  She is only talks about herself and does not seem interested in getting to know you. She constantly complains about her life, the restaurant, friends, family, or other things. She is rude or unreasonably demanding of the waiters or other employees in a restaurant or café. She keeps checking her phone and seems more interested in it than in engaging with you. She expresses strong political, religious, or other personal views that you disagree with. People who have these qualities tend to be better at maintaining positive relationships. For some, these qualities may also be part of what makes someone “sweet.” Be on the lookout for these traits if you want a satisfying, long-term relationship. Some ways that you can assess the girls that you meet for this quality include:  Noting how well she listens and responds to what you say. Does she stare off into space when you are talking or start texting friends on her phone? Poor listening skills can signal trouble for a long-term relationship. Paying attention to her patience. Does she get impatient if she has to wait for you? If so, then she may have a hard time delaying gratification, which can be trouble for a long-term relationship. If the first date goes well and you want to see her again, then arrange another date. You can do this by telling her at the end of the night or by calling a few days later. Try saying something like, “I had a great time on our first date and I’d like to see you again. Would you like that too?”
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Ask questions to get to know her on your first date. Pay attention to her words and actions. Watch for red flags. Watch for self-control and conscientiousness. Make plans to see her again.