If you’d like to have a reasonably precise idea of water’s temperature as it heats, watch the small bubbles that form on the bottom of the pan or pot. Very small bubbles indicate that the water is roughly 160 °F (71 °C). Bubbles at this low temperature are said to look like “shrimp eyes”—about the size of the head of a pin. As the water continues to heat, the bubbles on the bottom will grow until they’re slightly larger than the “shrimp eye” size. This is a good indication that your heating water is nearing 175 °F (79 °C).  Slight wisps of steam will also start to rise from the heating water as it reaches 175 °F (79 °C). Bubbles of this size are known as “crab eyes.” The bubbles on the pot’s bottom will continue to grow in size, and eventually start rising to the top of the water. At this point, your water will be about 185 °F (85 °C). You can also tell when the water reaches 185 °F (85 °C) because you’ll be able to hear a slight rattling sound from the bottom of the pot. The first bubbles that begin to rise to the surface are about the size of “fish eyes.” This is the final stage of heating water before it begins to fully boil. Larger bubbles from the bottom of the pot will begin to quickly rise to the surface, forming several continuous chains of rising bubbles. Water at this stage will be between 195 to 205 °F (91 to 96 °C). Soon after the “string of pearls” phase, the water will reach 212 °F (100 °C) and come to a rolling boil.
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One-sentence summary -- Look for small bubbles as water begins to heat. Watch for medium-sized bubbles. Watch for larger, rising bubbles. Look for the “string of pearls” phase.


You can create a word by placing your letters either vertically or horizontally on the board. However, you are not allowed to play the following types of words:  proper nouns, abbreviations, prefixes and suffixes standing alone, or words that require a hyphen or an apostrophe.  With the exception of the first word, every word that you play must be placed so that at least 1 letter tile is shared with a word that has already been placed on the board. Note that you can’t play a word if it will create an illegal word using neighboring letters. For instance, you can’t play the word “CAT” if the “T” tile is placed next to another “T” tile, since “TT” is not a legal word. When you play a letter, you earn a number of points equal to the number in the top right corner of the letter tile. Thus, when you play a word, you earn the sum total of all the letters you played to make that word. Whoever plays the first word in a round of Words with Friends has to place at least 1 of the letters in that word on the star tile in the middle of the board. Note that it can be any letter in the word; in other words, your word doesn’t necessarily have to begin from the star tile. For example, if your first word is “CAT,” you can place either the “C,” “A,” or “T” tile on the star. If you played the first word, then your opponent will place a word on the board that connects to your word. When it’s your turn, place a word down that connects to either the first word you played or to the new word that your opponent played. Note that before you begin your turn, you will be given new letter tiles so that you have 7 on your rack. A game of Words with Friends ends when 1 player has played all of their letter tiles and there are no more new letter tiles to be given. At that point, each player’s score is tallied and the player with the highest score wins. Note that if either player has leftover tiles at the end of the game, that player will lose points equal to the sum of the value of those leftover tiles.
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One-sentence summary -- Click and drag letter tiles to the board to play them and make words. Play a word with at least 1 letter on the middle tile to start the game. Build new words off of the letters on the board when it’s your turn. Go back and forth between the 2 of you until the game is over.


Start by talking to your guidance counselor about your desire to get a summer job. Guidance counselors are usually in-the-know about local summer jobs for teens. Your guidance counselor can also help you create a resume. You might also ask your parents, other relatives and family friends if there are any job opportunities for teens at their workplaces.  Consider knocking on the doors of businesses in your neighborhood to find out which ones hire teens during the summer. Restaurants and retail stores often hire teens during the summer. To make the most of your vacation, apply for jobs that seem like they would be a lot of fun. If you like animals, for example, consider applying for a part-time job at a pet store. If you babysit or mow lawns, you're self-employed, so why not organize your efforts? Start by making some fliers about the services you offer and distribute them around your neighborhood. Setting fees for your services helps you know exactly what to charge your clients.  Write your appointments in a journal or enter them in your appointment app, so you don't forget any jobs you've agreed to do. Some business ideas for teenagers include cleaning basements, washing cars, walking dogs, feeding pets while their owners are away and helping seniors with household chores. Think about the kind of job you might want after college. Then, work closely with your parents, teachers and guidance counselor to identify companies that take on high school interns over the summer. For example, if you're thinking about launching a tech startup after college, you might try to get an internship at a local tech firm.  Internships don't pay but they offer lots of value. In addition to experience, you might snag a great reference for college from your boss or even get hired full-time in the future. Choose volunteer opportunities based on the things that matter most to you. If you're an animal lover, you might volunteer at a local animal rescue center. If you enjoy spending time with senior citizens, you might volunteer at a local nursing home. Contacting nonprofits in your community is a great way to get started volunteering over the summer. Try to keep a journal of your volunteer experiences. You can use your experiences as inspiration for a college admissions essay or other writing assignments in high school. The prospect of college is very exciting, especially if you're a rising junior or senior. Every college has a website, so start by visiting college websites that have majors that interest you. You can also read college review websites like USA Today and Princeton Review to get a sense of things like how much colleges cost and what students think about their schools.  Social networking groups on websites like Facebook are great places to find out about colleges. When interacting with students on social media, identify yourself as a high school student looking to learn more about their schools. Consider asking your parents to take you on campus visits. If they're game, they might even organize a fun road trip or two around campus visits.
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One-sentence summary --
Find a job to earn some money. Start a business to gain entrepreneurial experience. Find an internship to plan your career path. Sign up to volunteer to make a difference in your community. Research colleges to find out which one suits you.