Summarize the following:
No matter how well you prepare, there is very little chance that you'll actually sleep for 24 uninterrupted hours once you go to bed. What's much more likely is that you'll sleep a little longer than you normally would, but that you'll eventually wake up. If you're still trying to sleep for the whole day, simply close your eyes and continue to rest. Depending on a variety of factors, like how dark it is and how tired you are, you may very well be able to squeeze in a few extra hours of sleep. A few biological needs can make it much harder to get back to sleep, so they're worth getting out of bed for, even if it means abandoning your mission for a few minutes. A few examples include:   Eating: Hunger is a big distraction when it comes to sleep. Evidence suggests that going to bed hungry can make it harder to get to sleep (and to stay asleep). On top of this, it's simply not nutritionally healthy to fast for a whole day simply because you're trying to sleep.   Going to the bathroom: This is a no-brainer. In fact, this may be what forces you to wake up in the first place.  Stretching: When you've been laying in bed for a long time, your muscles can get stiff and start to ache. Fight this unpleasant feeling by rolling out of bed for a little stretching, walking, or yoga, which can help you stay comfortable and fall asleep faster. Everyone has a routine before they go to bed. Some people read, some wash their face, some surf the internet, and so on. If you're having a hard time getting back to sleep, performing these bedtime habits can help signal to the  body that it's time to "shut down" again. Below are just a few ideas, but you can do anything that you normally do before bed:  Reading Listening to a book on tape Drinking decaffeinated tea Brushing your teeth Bathing or washing your face Spend a few relaxed minute with a hobby Filling out a schedule for the next day Ever watch a friend (or a family member, or even a pet) yawn and suddenly feel the urge to do the same? For many people, the act of yawning is connected to a gentle feeling of fatigue. Even if they're not tired, they'll get a gentle sleepy feeling and even sometimes a desire to shut their eyes. While this won't always work, it only takes a few seconds, so it's definitely worth a try. Yawns still aren't perfectly-understood by medical science, but one theory is that yawns produce their mysterious effects by literally lowering the temperature of the brain. Another theory is that yawning helps lubricate the lungs so that they can take in as much oxygen as possible. However, neither theory is proven. Sometimes, problems with getting to sleep can be all in your head. If you've tried everything else and you still can't get to sleep, you may benefit from using mental thought techniques to encourage sleep. There's no "right" way to do this, but a few ideas are listed below:   Distract yourself with a mental game: Pick a category (e.g., cars, animals, movies, etc.) and think of one item for each letter of the alphabet. Try to mentally replay all of the scenes in your favorite movie in reverse order. Pick a word and change one letter at a time until it is another word.  Focus on an imaginary sensation: Pretend your body is gradually turning to stone from your feet upwards. Pretend you are slowly sinking into your mattress. Pretend your are levitating out of the bed. Try to focus on the space beyond your eyelids when your eyes are shut.  Try reverse psychology: Pretend there's something that you need to stay awake for (like that an important phone call is coming). Mentally repeat to yourself: "I need to stay awake" as you lay in the darkness. Once you're actually trying to do this, you may find that it's a lot harder to do what was quite easy before! Small, gentle doses of sleep aids can be beneficial if you're trying to pull off a massive sleep-a-thon. However, you will want to be careful with how you use these — using large doses or unsafe drugs to force yourself to sleep is never a good idea. Always follow the directions on the packaging of whatever substance you use. Talk to a doctor if you have any drug allergies or you are already taking other medications.  A few safe over-the-counter drugs that can help you fall to sleep include Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, etc.), Doxylamine succinate, Melatonin, and Valerian.  Never, ever use narcotics, barbiturates, or other illicit drugs to get to sleep. These drugs are illegal, habit-forming, and dangerous. Side effects can range from mild to deadly. There are no standards of quality control for these drugs.

summary: When you wake up, try to close your eyes and go back to sleep. Make short trips out of bed for important needs. Replicate your natural sleep habits. Yawn! Try mental sleep tricks. Try a small dose of a mild sleep aid.


Summarize the following:
An ivory scraper is a product designed to remove yellowing and stains on ivory piano keys. You can find this tool online or at piano supply stores. Speak to a professional piano technician before you use this tool to avoid damaging the keys. There is a risk that you will damage the ivory piano keys with the ivory scraper if you use it incorrectly. If you are not sure how to use the tool properly, reach out to a professional. If the keys are really yellow or badly stained, you may want to consider hiring a piano technician for the cleaning. The technician will remove each key and clean them individually with an ivory scraper or a professional cleaner. They will know the best and safest way to remove stains and yellowing on the ivory. Getting a thorough cleaning done on the keys once a year by a trained technician may be a good option, especially if you use the piano often.
summary: Use an ivory scraper. Hire a piano technician to clean the keys.