Q: If you’re holding an umbrella, your keys, or even a hot coffee, these can all serve as helpful tools against an attacker. If you are unable to escape the attacker and you need to defend yourself, assess what you have that you could use.  For example, if you have your keys in your hand, hold them in your fist and push one of the keys between your middle and index finger to create a claw. This will make your punches more effective. If you have an umbrella in your hand, hold it like a bat and get ready to hit the person with it like you’d hit a baseball. If you’re holding a hot cup of coffee, loosen the lid and throw it in their face to incapacitate them while you escape. A hard kick to the knee or groin can stop an attacker in their tracks and give you time to get away from them. Kick them hard with the bottom part of your foot for the most impact. If the person is close to you, a quick jab to the throat or eyes with your outstretched fingers or keys may be the best way to stop them. Hold your keys in your fist with 1 between your index and middle finger like a claw or extend your middle and index fingers and tense them. Then, thrust your key or fingers at their eyes or throat with a quick jabbing punch. This will hurt and they should stop momentarily to recover. Run away while they do. The nose is a good place to hit because it sticks out and you can break it easily with a well-aimed punch. If you’re very close to them and they’re about the same height as you, then headbutting them may be more effective. Thrust your fist or forehead at their nose quickly. Run away while they’re recovering from the blow. If the person has their arms around you, stomp down on their feet as hard as you can with your heel. Then, use your elbow to jab them in the stomach as hard as you can. Continue to stomp on their feet and elbow them until they let you go. Cup both of your hands and draw your arms back as far as you can. Then slap your hands together over their ears hard and fast. The air that your hands trap and push into their ears will temporarily incapacitate them. This move may cause someone to lose consciousness if you execute it properly, but don’t hang around even if they do lose consciousness. Go somewhere safe and call emergency services for help. in the back of the neck if you’re behind them. If you happen to be behind the person, aim a quick, hard punch at the back of their neck. This should be enough to knock them out if you punch them hard enough. Make sure to run away even if the person is unconscious. Call for help when you are somewhere safe.
A: Use whatever you have in your hands as a weapon. Kick your opponent in the knee or groin like you’re kicking down a door. Jab the person in the throat or eyes with your fingers or keys. Punch or headbutt them in the nose as hard as you can. Stomp on their feet and elbow them if they’re holding you. Clap your open palms over their ears at the same time. Punch them

Article: Sometimes you can't put a physical barrier up to keep your cat out of a room. In this case, you will need to make the room uncomfortable for it to be in. Make loud noises whenever it enters the room or shoo it away. Note that if you do this, the cat may associate the noise with you and start to avoid you.  You can even employ stronger methods in some cases. For example, spill a small amount of water on the floor of your bathroom if you don't want your cat in there. A cat may hate to get its feet wet on any excess water on the floor. Another example is to make sure the cat has nowhere to hide in a room. Sometimes a cat likes going under beds or in corners to feel safe. With this type of cat you can block off access to under the bed or any other hiding spaces. This will make your cat uncomfortable in the room. Every time it goes near the room, have a spray bottle ready to spray a little water at it. This will make sure it knows that its actions are unacceptable. However, only use this method if you are prepared to accept damaging your relationship with the cat. It is highly likely the cat will associate the water spray with you, the sprayer, rather than the room. Thus, the cat is more likely to flee and not want to spend time in your company. You simply place the device in the doorway to the room and let it deter your cat from the area. Put a small amount of vinegar at the room's entrance or in areas of the room. This usually helps, as most cats hate the odor of vinegar. This advice is anecdotal, however, as some people find it helps while for others it makes no difference. Alternatively, fill a spray bottle halfway with vinegar. Fill the other half with lime or lemon juice. Spray at the entrance to the room and on beds and other places the cat usually goes. This will deter many cats from scratching on furniture or spending time in the room. If you go this route, the vinegar spray needs fairly constant reapplication. Make a different room more comfortable for the cat. Make another room cat-appealing so the cat will go there instead. Offer the cat several nice sleeping places (although it's likely to chose its own) including a high perch. Provide food, water, and a litter tray, as well as toys. This involves making a big fuss of the cat and making being in the room you want it to be in a pleasant experience. The goal is to make sure your cat associates the room with good things and wishes to return there. You may want to scatter extra tasty treats around the room so that it seems a more appealing place.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Make the room physically uncomfortable for the cat. Spray the cat with water from a spray bottle. In addition, there are commercial electronic cat deterrents that will spray a cat with a burst of air when it approaches the room. Place smells in the room that your cat doesn't like. Redirect your cat's attention. Use positive training.

Q: ” In expressions for which "to" actually means "until," "hasta" is the most accurate translation.  Example: to the end of the week Translation hasta el final de la semana " If a condition is true up to a certain point, use hasta.  Example: to study up to the next exam Translation: estudiar hasta el siguiente examen
A:
Use "hasta" when meaning “until. Translate "up to" as "hasta.