Article: A verb is an action word. It describes the act of doing something in a sentence. If you want to adjust a sentence to change a verb to a noun, locate the verb and see if it can double as a noun.   For example, look at the sentence, "The film impacted the students." The verb here is "impacted." As another example, consider the sentence, “The athlete prepared to run.” The verb in question is “run” (although “prepared” is also a verb). A determiner is a word like "the" or "a", which usually signifies the following word will be a noun. To change a verb to a noun in a sentence, add a determiner before the noun.  If you're changing "impacted" to a noun, you would need the determiner "an" or the determiner “the.” To change “run” to a noun, you would need the determiner “the” or the determiner “a.” Once you've added a determiner, you may need to tweak the sentence further. The verb may need to be tweaked slightly to become a noun and the sentence may need minor rearranging.  For example, "The film impacted the students," can be changed to, "The film had an impact on the students." For instance, “The athlete prepared to run,” can be changed to, “The athlete prepared for a run.”
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Locate the verb. Add an appropriate determiner before the word. Rewrite the sentence.
Article: Scraping and blotting steps above to make sure that you get as much grease/oil off of the surface before trying to clean it. Most commonly, this will mean adding a dish detergent such as Dawn to warm water and agitating to mix. You can also buy other over the counter grease/oil removers specific to leather. This is the most common and straightforward way to remove a grease or oil stain. Thoroughly scrub the affected spot with your degreasing solution and a microfiber towel or rag. If you notice any of the color of your leather transfer onto the rag, stop immediately and allow the area to dry before resuming. Again, distilled water is best for this, but tap water will work. Be sure that no lather or soapy residue is left behind. The soapy residue will collect dirt.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Remove excess grease or oil from the surface of your leather. Mix a degreasing solution. Clean the affected area. Use a wet towel to remove the cleaner.
Article: Explain that a cause is an event or action that makes something happen; an effect or consequence is a thing that happens as a result of that cause. As your child gets older, add additional vocabulary. Words like “influence,” “results,” and “factors,” for example, as well as words that will help with cause and effect sentence construction: “therefore,” “consequently,” “thus,” and others. ” Reinforce the relationship between causes and effects by using the word “because” in conversation; it makes for better understanding for many kids. So, for example, say, “Your shoes are dirty because you stepped in the mud,” or “The house is cold because we left the windows open.” As your child grows, you can point out that the principle of cause and effect is significant in a number of ways. We try to discover the causes of things that are bad so that we can eliminate them and make the world better; we try to discover the causes of things that are good so that we can apply them and maximize the results. Once your child starts school, it’s important to emphasize the academic uses of cause and effect. Scientists use it all the time (What is causing global warming? Why did these plants die? What will happen if we mix vinegar and baking soda?), and so do historians (Why did the American colonies revolt? What happened after Cortes conquered the Aztecs?). A T map is a simple table with two columns. On one side, you can write causes; on the other, you can write effects. For example, on the left side, write “It is raining.” Have your child brainstorm possible consequences: it gets muddy, flowers grow, the school has indoor recess, there are traffic jams. Write those on the right side of the table. You can also use T maps for individual cause and effect relationships to illustrate language. So, in this case, you would write “It is raining” at the top, instead of on the left. Then, on the left, you’d write, “It gets muddy because it is raining.” On the right, you’d write, “It is raining, so it gets muddy.” This method teaches the two main forms of stating cause and effect: the “because” form and the “so” form. It also reinforces the concept. One example is the cause and effect chain. Choose a consequence (say, “pants are dirty”). Then have your child think of a potential cause (for example, “I fell in the mud”). Then you (or another child), follows up by saying the cause of that consequence (“it was raining and slippery”). Continue as long as you can. This game will help your child develop his or her understanding of cause and effect. You can also play a simpler game where you offer an imaginary effect (say, “the dog barked loudly”) and have your child think of as many possible causes as he or she can. Examples might include “the dog barked loudly because the mailman came,” “the dog barked loudly because someone pulled on its tail,” or “the dog barked loudly because it saw another dog.” Look for themed picture books designed to tackle causes and consequences. Read them with your child, and talk about the situations presented in them. For older children, draw a timeline on paper. Choose a historic event, like a war, and mark its important moments on the timeline. Connect those moments based on cause and effect. As your child grows, his or her understanding of cause and effect will get better and better, and you can begin pushing for deeper, more analytical thinking. Ask why something occurred, and then follow up with “How do you know?” or “What’s your evidence?” Try asking “What if?” questions to engage your child’s imagination: “What if we accidentally used sugar instead of salt in this recipe?,” “What if the American colonies didn’t revolt?” Introduce the idea that correlation is not causation. If there is no evidence for a particular cause making a particular event happen, then it may be a random occurrence rather than a causal relationship.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Teach your child the vocabulary of cause and effect. Use the word “because. Explain why cause and effect relationships are important. Make a T map. Play cause and effect games. Read books. Create a timeline. Teach analytical thinking.