When dividing on an abacus, you will put the divisor in the left-most column(s). Leave a couple blank columns to the right, then put the dividend in the columns next to those. The remaining columns to the right will be used to do the work leading to the answer. Leave those blank for now.  For example, to divide 34 by 2, count 2 in the left-most column, leave two blank columns, then put 34 over to the right. Leave the other columns blank for the answer section. To do this, push two lower beads from the bottom portion up in the left-most column. Leave the next two columns alone. In the fourth column, push three beads from the bottom portion up. In the fifth column from the left, push four beads from the bottom portion up. The blank columns between the divisor and the dividend are just to visually separate the numbers so you don't lose track of what's what. Divide the first number in the dividend (3) by the divisor (2), and put it in the first blank column in the answer section. Two goes into 3 once, so record a 1 there.  To do this, push one bead from the bottom portion up in the first column of the answer section. If you like, you can skip a column (leave it blank) between the dividend and the columns you want to use for the answer section. This can help you distinguish between the dividend and the work you do as you calculate. Next, you need to multiply the quotient in the first answer section column (1) by the dividend in column one (2) to determine the remainder. This product (2) needs to be subtracted from the first column of the dividend. The dividend should now read 14. To make the dividend read 14, push two of the bottom portion beads currently pushed up to the center bar at the fifth column back down to their starting position. Only one bead in the lower portion of the fifth column should remain pushed up to the center bar. Record the next digit of the quotient in the next blank column of the answer section, subtracting the product from the dividend (here, eliminating it). Your board should now read 2, followed by blank columns, then 1, 7, showing your divisor and the quotient, 17.  Two beads from the bottom portion of the left most column will be pushed up to the center bar. This will be followed by several blank columns. One bead from the bottom portion of the first answer section column will be pushed to the center bar. In the next answer section column, two beads from the bottom portion will be pushed up to the center bar, and the bead from the top portion will be pushed down to it.

Summary: Leave space for your answer to the right of the divisor and the dividend. Record the quotient. Determine the remainder. Repeat the process.


When you can, go out into the field with a treat or some grains and visit the horse. Approach it slowly, feed it the treat, and then walk away. The horse will learn that being approached by a human is not always a threatening thing. Then, when you do want to go out and catch your horse, she will be more open to having you approach her Gently bring the halter and rope into view and let them sniff it if need be this will make them more relaxed around it. When you do catch the horse and bring it in to do some work or saddle it up for a ride, make sure you are doing everything you can to make it pleasant for the horse.  Bring her some treats. Feed her some grains after she gets caught. Give the horse a thorough grooming. Vary up the work to keep your horse interested. Praise your horse when she does something well. The more often you take your horse out, even just to lead her down a short path or give her a new area to run around in, the more likely she is to be willing to be caught. It’s important to create a relationship with your horse and to give her time to play on her own and with other horses.   Take your horse for an easy trail ride. Spend some extra time grooming and pampering your horse. Give her treats. Let her out with other horses she enjoys being with.

Summary: Visit your horse in the field often without intending to catch it. Make getting caught easy and enjoyable for the horse. Take your horse out often. Let your horse have fun with you and on her own.


Silicon enhances the look of the horse's coat. Carefully spray silicon everywhere except the saddle area. Coating the legs and tail will ensure that dirt will not stick. Additional products exist to enhance a coat's shine. A dryer sheet will collect any last-minute dust around the face. Carefully brush the dryer sheet throughout the face with your hand, being careful to not displace any hair. Do this right before entering the warm-up ring. Adding powder to the legs will help the legs stand out and can improve the overall appearance of the horse. Apply powder on show day.

Summary: Apply silicon after bathing. Use a dryer sheet to collect dust. Apply baby powder or corn starch to the legs.


To give your lip scrub flavor, you can use any type and flavor of lip balm that you like. Twist the lip balm up in the tube, and use a butter knife to carefully shave off a piece of the balm that’s approximately 2- to 3-inches (20 to 30 mm) thick. Place it in a small bowl.  Lip balms are available in a wide range of flavors, including fruit, such as strawberry and cherry, and even candy, such as Skittles or Starburst. Choose your favorite for the lip scrub. While most lip balms are transparent when they go on the lips, they’re often colored in the tube. If you use a colored balm, you’ll wind up with a colored scrub. For example, strawberry lip balm is often pink so you’ll wind up a pink lip scrub. You may need to add more than one piece of lip balm to give the scrub a vibrant color, though. Using additional pieces of lip balm will also intensify the flavor of the lip scrub. With the lip balm in the bowl, mix in 1 part petroleum jelly and 2 parts sugar. Use a spoon to stir all of the ingredients together until you wind up with a thick, grainy paste.  You can make as large or as small a batch of lip scrub as you’d like. Adjust the amount of lip balm, petroleum jelly, and sugar accordingly. You don’t necessarily need to worry about exact measurements with the scrub recipe. If you prefer a grainy, textured scrub, add more sugar. If you prefer a smoother scrub, add more petroleum jelly. It’s a good idea to rub a little of the scrub on your lips after you’ve mixed it. If you want it to have more flavor, stir in more of the lip balm. Once you’re satisfied with the texture and flavor of the scrub, use a spoon to carefully transfer it to a small plastic jar or container that has a lid. To use the scrub, massage a small amount over your lips for 30 to 60 seconds, and wipe it off with a damp wash cloth. When you’re putting the scrub in the storage container, pack it down with your finger so you can easily close the lid.
Summary: Break off a piece of the lip balm. Add the petroleum jelly and sugar. Spoon the scrub into a container.