Problem: Article: If wine is corked, it will have an odor that you wouldn’t expect from a good wine. It may smell musty, or like dank towels, wet dog, wet cardboard or newspaper.  Note that your first sniff is more reliable than later sniffs. Trust your first whiff! Wine becomes corked when it is exposed to TCA or "2,4,6-Trichloroanisole", a naturally occurring compound that may be found in the cork of the wine bottle. If the wine has only been exposed to a small amount of TCA, it may be difficult to decide for sure whether or not it is corked by smelling it alone. The taste of the wine will be dull and will not exhibit any fruit characteristics. Some people also describe corked wine as tasting astringent.  A wine that is only slightly corked may lack aroma and have very little taste. If you did taste it, and it is corked, the taste was probably quite unenjoyable. It may have even tasted reminiscent of paint thinner. Rinse your mouth out with water, and open up a new bottle. This allows the host to see if the wine is fit for consumption and prevents pouring the wine into many glasses before a discovery that the wine is not fit for drinking. Return your corked wine to the store you purchased it from for a replacement or a refund. If you are in a restaurant and you purchase a bottle of wine, make sure the waiter allows you to taste the wine before serving any other guests at the table. If the wine seems a bit off to you, don’t just assume that it must be corked. There may be other culprits that have ruined the taste of your wine.  Oxidized wine is wine that has been exposed to oxygen, which has caused the wine to taste flat and lifeless, and even a bit vinegary. If your wine tastes this way (think of the way a flat soda tastes in comparison to a fresh one, as the concept is similar), then there is a good chance that it has simply oxidized. The color of the wine (if it is white) will also have changed to a dull yellow or brownish color. Maderized wine is wine that has been overheated, perhaps as a result of storage or during transport. This wine will taste reminiscent of almonds or candied fruits, and the cork may be pushed a bit out of the bottle. This occurs because of the expansion that occurs when the wine becomes too warm. It is also possible that the wine has refermented. Although wine is a product of fermentation, sometimes excess yeast can interact with the wine once it is bottled, creating a fizzy taste.
Summary: Smell the wine. Taste the wine. Always test the wine before allowing it to be served to others. Avoid confusing corked wine with other problems.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Although the game of telephone is simple to play, you will need to arrange the players in a way that supports the game.  Have everyone stand in either a line or a circle.  Players should be spaced far enough apart that they won't overhear the word when it isn't their turn. Proper position is important when playing telephone. If people aren't in some sort of order, they won't know when it's their turn. Choose a person to start the game.  This person will think of a word and whisper it to the person next to them.  The word should be an uncommon one as the idea is to see how much it changes by the game's end.  Once the word has been told to the next person, they will whisper it to the person next to them.  Alternatively, choose a word with three or more syllables, such as: extraterrestrial, planetarium, or encyclopedia. Base the difficulty of the word on the age of the audience. What might seem difficult for a 5 year old would be easy for a 12 year old. If this is for school, consider using one of the vocabulary words that you are studying. You can also use a term from a science class. Players continue listening to the word and repeating what they think they heard to the person next to them.  This is done until the last person in the line or circle is told the word.  Once the last person hears the word or phrase, they will say what they think they heard out-loud.  This is compared to the original word that the game started with.  This is the moment when all the players get to learn just how much the word or phrase changed through their “telephone line”.

SUMMARY: Get everyone in place. Start the game. Continue whispering the word. 8 By the end of the game,  every person should have heard the word or phrase. See how much the word changed.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Overall, you want your pear tree to be shaped like a wine glass, with the trunk as the glass stem and the branches in an even, outwardly splayed growth. Allow for about 6–12 inches (15–30 cm) of air space between healthy branches to allow for good air circulation and to reduce the risk of fungal infections. Occasionally step back from your tree and look at the overall shape as you’re pruning, to ensure that you’re getting the right shape and clearing away crowded areas effectively. You want your pear tree branches to grow outward and slightly upward. If you have branches that are growing downward, prune these at their point of origin at the bigger branch. Your overall goal is to have a tree with evenly spaced branches that splay out in a pleasing visual pattern from the center. Branches that grow against the main flow of outward, upward branches will crowd your other branches and cause an overall chaotic look in your tree. Prune these branches at their point of origin where they meet a bigger branch. If you find two or more branches growing from a single space at a narrow angle, or from different points in a parallel fashion and they hover toward each other, choose the healthiest appearing branch to keep and prune the rest. The branch you keep should also have the best angle at its origin, which is around a 2 o’clock or 10 o’clock angle from the center of the tree. Branches with wider angles can break easily when they bear fruit.
Summary: Aim for a wine-glass shape with evenly spaced branches. Remove branches that grow downward. Prune branches that grow toward your tree’s center. Thin out competing branches.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Placing your seats near the windows will improve the natural lighting and give your guests a relaxing view. If the room doesn't have any windows, place the seating near lights or an art piece. Creative pieces of furniture can give your guests something to talk about and brighten the mood. If you have a decorative lamp, chair, or artistic sculpture, leave it out somewhere that it will be noticed but not act as an obstruction. Try to accentuate the best features of your room. If you have a high-quality sofa, for example, drape it with a few colorful throw blankets. Coat racks are traditional furniture pieces for parties. If you don't own one, you can either install a coat hanger on the wall or designate a closet for guests to leave their coats. You can also have guests leave their coats and bags on a bed or couch in another room. Refreshments can liven up a party's atmosphere. If you're hosting a small to medium-sized party, arrange a single food table for refreshments. For larger parties, lay out multiple small tables for mini food stations instead.  Do not place the food table near the entrance to prevent blocking the door.  Use a trolley as a portable refreshments station if your room is too small for a table.
Summary:
Arrange your seating near any windows. Leave out a few creative pieces. Make a spot for guests to leave their coats. Add 1 or more tables for food and drinks.