If you want to make a bridge that can sustain large amounts of weight, you will need to use the best materials. As stated above, epoxy is the strongest bonding agent you can use. Also, you want to make sure you have plenty of pasta on-hand to make the necessary reinforcements to your bridge. Consider the benefits and disadvantages of various types of pasta.Rounded spaghetti noodles may be better for some parts of your bridge while flattened noodles, like linguine, may be better for other parts. The purpose of building a spaghetti bridge is to apply the theoretical principles of engineering to a real-life construction project. As such, how you design the bridge deeply impacts the overall strength of the bridge. Some tips for building a stronger bridge include:  Use triangular rather than rectangular trusses. Build the roadbed with multiple layers of pasta. You should leave the middle layer of your pasta roadbed unglued. Some flexibility in the pasta helps to redistribute weight across your bridge. The longer the gap a bridge has to span, the harder it will be to redistribute the weight from one area across the entire bridge. So, if it is up to you, making a shorter bridge will help your bridge sustain more weight. There is a relationship between the weight and strength of your bridge. Adding more pasta to your bridge during construction, when properly built, should add strength, but also adds more weight. The heavier your bridge is, the more likely it is that it will collapse when extra weight is applied. So, make sure you account for the weight of your bridge when designing your bridge.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Select the best building materials. Design a stronger bridge. Limit the space your bridge must cover. Strike a balance.


To calculate the density of water you will need a graduated cylinder, a scale or balance, and water. Graduated cylinders are special containers that have lines or gradations that allow you to measure a specific volume of liquid. In order to find the density, you have to know the mass and volume of the liquid in question. You will use the graduated cylinder to obtain the mass of the water, but you have to subtract out the weight of the graduated cylinder so you know you’re only measuring the mass of the water itself.  Turn the balance on and make sure it is set to zero. Place the dry, empty graduated cylinder on the balance. Record the mass of the cylinder in grams (g). For example, let’s say the empty graduated cylinder weighs 11 grams. It doesn’t matter how much water you add, but be sure to note the exact amount. Read the volume by looking at the cylinder at eye level and recording the volume at the bottom of the meniscus. The meniscus is the curve of the liquid that you’ll see when you look at the water right at eye level.  The volume of water in the graduated cylinder is the volume you will use for the density calculation. Let’s say you filled the graduated cylinder with 7.3 milliliters (mL) of volume. Make sure the balance is set to zero and weigh the graduated cylinder full of water. Be careful not to spill any of the water out of the top when you weigh it.  If you do spill the water, take note of the new volume and re-weigh the water-filled graduated cylinder. For example, let’s say the full graduated cylinder weighs 18.3 grams. To get the mass of the water only, you must subtract out the weight of the graduated cylinder. The result is the mass of the water in the cylinder. In our example, the mass of the graduated cylinder is 11 g and the mass of the cylinder full of water is 18.3 g. 18.3 g – 11 g = 7.3 g, therefore the mass of the water is 7.3 grams. Using the equation density = mass/volume, you can determine the density of water. Plug in the values of mass and volume you determined and solve.  Mass of the water: 7.3 g Volume of the water: 7.3 mL Density of water = 7.3/7.3 = 1 g/mL
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Gather your materials. Weigh the empty graduated cylinder. Fill the graduated cylinder with water. Weigh the water-filled graduated cylinder. Subtract the weight of the empty cylinder from the full cylinder. Calculate the density by dividing the mass by the volume.


While still in the water, irrigate the wound with sea water, removing all debris and foreign bodies from the affected area. Use tweezers from a first-aid kit if necessary. Once the area is thoroughly irrigated and all foreign bodies are removed, come out from the water and dry the area off with a clean towel, taking care not to injure yourself further.  DO NOT remove any penetrating debris from neck, chest, or abdomen. Bleeding is common after a sting. As always, the best way to stop bleeding is by applying direct pressure at the source or slightly above the source with one finger for a few minutes. The longer the pressure is held, the more likely the bleeding will subside. Try using hydrogen peroxide in conjunction with holding pressure to help stop bleeding if you cannot control it with direct pressure alone. Careful, hydrogen peroxide may sting! You can combine this step with the previous step of applying direct pressure to control bleeding. Soaking the wound in hot water helps alleviate the pain by denaturing the venom protein complex. Optimal temperature is 45°C (113°F), but be certain not to cause any burns. Leave the wound soaking for 30 – 90 minutes, or until the pain has subsided. Proper wound care includes keeping the area clean by applying soap and rinsing with water as well as keeping the wound dry at all times. Keep the wound uncovered and apply antibiotic ointment daily. Avoid non-antibiotic creams, lotions, and ointments. Over the next several days, if the area becomes red, tender, itchy, sore, or begins to swell or develop a cloudy discharge, seek medical attention at the local urgent care center or emergency room. You may need antibiotics and/or drainage of an abscess.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Irrigate the wound with sea water. Control any bleeding. Soak the wound in hot water. Monitor the wound for signs of infection.


Thoroughly mix equal parts of coconut oil and baking soda—for instance, 1 US cup (240 ml) of each. Apply the mixture to stains on carpeting, walls, and other surfaces with a cloth, leave it for 5-10 minutes, then wipe it away with a damp cloth. Like any stain remover, this may cause damage or discoloration to some surfaces. Test it on an inconspicuous area—like the corner of the carpet under the end table—before applying it to the stain. Melt 4 tbsp (60 g) of coconut oil in a small saucepan over low heat. Mix in 4 tbsp (60 ml) of white vinegar and 2 tsp (10 ml) of lemon juice, then add it to a spray bottle. Shake the bottle, spray a light coating of the mixture on your wood furniture, and buff it off with a clean, soft cloth.  Test the cleaner on a hidden area of the furniture first, just in case it reacts with the finish and causes staining or discoloration. Use the mixture right away, since the coconut oil will congeal if it cools below 76 °F (24 °C). Scoop a fingertip-sized amount of coconut oil onto a clean cloth. Work it into the leather item using a circular rubbing motion, leaving behind only a thin, shiny film of oil. Add more coconut oil to a clean section of the cloth as needed. Test the coconut oil on a small spot of the leather first. There’s a small chance it may discolor your favorite leather jacket or sofa! Scoop a small amount of coconut oil onto a cloth and rub it into the sticky spot. The oil should cause the sticky residue to release and lift away. Wipe the area with a damp cloth if needed.  Try this on a sticky spot on your carpet, or to remove tacky residue left behind by a price tag or other sticker. Like always, test the coconut oil on an inconspicuous area first.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary --
Remove stains with coconut oil and baking soda. Make a coconut oil furniture polish. Clean and condition leather with straight coconut oil. Lift away sticky residue by rubbing on coconut oil.