x 4 in. 8 in. boards. These boards will make up the post to the punching bag. To create the shape you need, place two boards on top of each other and then place the remaining board along their 2-inch sides. Glue the boards together using wood glue. Make sure you run the glue along the lengths of the boards. Once they are glued, screw them together. You want them to stick out so that they can help the board stay in the concrete mix. Nail the plywood into the bottom of the boards. The plywood needs to be big enough to support the three boards while standing... You want the glue to dry completely before moving on to the next steps. Make sure they are evenly stacked. The tires will form your base. Use four bags of concrete so that you have enough to fill the inside of the tires. Place the bag of concrete inside of the wheelbarrow towards one end. Cut the bag open using a hoe. Once it’s open, pour out the mix and remove the bag.  A wheelbarrow allows you to mix the concrete easily. You can use a shovel or spade instead of the hoe. With the concrete on one side of the wheelbarrow, pour the required amount of water into the other side. To find the required amount of water, read the bag of the concrete mix. Adding more than the required amount can render the mix ineffective. Make sure to keep about 4 cups of water nearby in case you need to add more to the mix. Using a hoe, gradually mix small amounts of the concrete into the water. Keep mixing until the mix is completely wet. As you mix the concrete, make a pile of wet mix on one side of the wheelbarrow. Place the post inside of the tires and then fill the tires completely with concrete, making sure there are no empty spaces left inside. While the concrete is still wet, make sure that the post is leveled and centered in the tires. Smooth the top of the concrete. Make sure you wear gloves and safety goggles when pouring and maneuvering the concrete. The concrete mix can cause serious burns. If you move on to the next steps and the concrete is still dry, then the post will be uneven. Once the mix is dry, the base will become very heavy. To maneuver the stand, angle the post down and roll it using the tires. The futon mattress will be used for the padding of the punching bag. Lay the post down. Attach one end of the cut mattress to the post by using duct tape. Wrap the remaining part of the mattress until it is completely around the post. Tape the loose end of the mattress down with duct tape. Make sure the mattress is wrapped tight so that the punching bag has structure. Check with your local classifieds or online postings to find a futon mattress if you do not want to purchase a new one. Now that the mattress is secured to the post, wrap the exposed area with duct tape. Make sure you overlap as you tape so that you have very tight layers. You will cover every bit of exposed mattress that runs the length of the post. This will completely secure the mattress and make it suitable for punching. The pad will help keep the bag quiet when you hit it.
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One-sentence summary -- Combine three 2 in. Drive large nails into each board. Attach a square piece of plywood to the boards. Let the post set overnight. Stack two tires on top of each other. Dump the concrete mix into a wheelbarrow. Add water to the concrete. Slowly mix the concrete. Add the concrete mix to the tires. Let the stand set for two days so that the concrete mix can dry. Cut an old futon mattress in half. Cover the mattress with duct tape. Place a foam pad under the tires.


The gold standard when treating a UTI with antibiotics is to perform a test culture to analyze antibiotic sensitivity. Antibiotics are a family of drugs that either inhibit the growth of bacteria or kill them, depending on the type of antibiotic.  A test culture tells your vet exactly what bug is present, and which antibiotics are effective against it. Using targeted antibiosis reduces the risk of inducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria and is the best way to treat an infection. However, it is not always possible to get a large enough urine sample to culture or else the cost of culture may be prohibitive. In some cases, the cat will be started on a proven antibiotic that can then be adjusted once the culture results are ready. It is especially important to culture the urine if the cat has recurrent UTIs. In this case, it is likely that the cat either has a mixed infection where only some of the infection is being killed, or the infection is resistant to the antibiotic being used. Broad spectrum antibiotics kill a wide range of bacteria.  If a cat has never had a urinary infection before, then it is acceptable to put him on a course of broad spectrum antibiotics that kill a wide range of bacteria commonly found in urine. Typically, these antibiotics are penicillins, such as amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, or sulphonamides. You will need to go to your veterinarian to get a prescription for antibiotics. The bladder produces a layer of mucus-like material that acts like a bandage to protective the lining from noxious substances in urine.  When a cat has a UTI, this glycosaminoglycan or "GAG" layer becomes thinner, exposing the bladder lining to irritation. Neutraceuticals such as glucosamine, may help to replenish this GAG layer and make the cat more comfortable. Although research into the benefits of glucosamine is inconclusive, it may help and is unlikely to hurt. There are several over-the-counter preparations available, such as "Feliway Cystease" that contain glucosamine and tryptophan. Ask your veterinarian if they will approve starting this supplement.
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One-sentence summary -- Get a test culture done to identify and use effective antibiotics. Treat your cat with broad spectrum antibiotics if a culture is not possible. Use glucosamine to stimulate the cat's GAG layer.


When replacing well pumps, you need a good seal to prevent water leaks. Screw the pipe from the well, or inlet pipe, to the inlet pipe on the jet pump with a plumber's wrench. Screw the pipe that brings water to the house, or outlet pipe, to the outlet pipe on the jet pump with a plumber's wrench. Tighten the wires to the electrical terminal with a screwdriver. Check that the pump motor is wired for the same voltage as what is being supplied from the circuit breaker. If the voltage is not the same, rewire the pump motor to the appropriate voltage configuration per the manufacturer included instructions. Jet pumps need to be primed before use. Do this by filling the pump with water through the outlet pipe coming out of the top of the pump or an available access hole that may be located on the pump. Pour in water until the pump is full. Proceed to the next step. If pump loses prime, doesn't pump at a sufficient rate, or doesn't pump water after being primed and run, it may indicate other problems with the water system (i.e. bad check valve) or the well itself ( i.e. hole in drop pipe, plugged point/jet).  A problem of this nature may have been the causation of the old pump failure and may not make itself readily apparent until this point.
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One-sentence summary --
Use a plumber's wrench to take off the inlet and outlet ports on the old well pump. Unscrew the wires going to the pressure switch on the old jet pump with a screwdriver. Remove the old pump. Apply Teflon piping tape on the threads of the outlet and inlet pipes, wrapping tape around each pipe at least 5 times to get a proper seal. Install the new pump, following manufacturer's instructions. Connect the wires to the appropriate terminals on the pressure switch of the new pump. Prime the pump. Turn the circuit breaker back on and test your new pump.