Use a measuring tape to measure the window width-wise from one end of the window to the other. Start measuring at the outer end of the window's frame on one side and end at the outer frame on the other side. After you measure the width of the window, add 3 inches (7.6 cm) to both sides. This will give you a general sense of the length of the rod you need if you're keeping it just above the curtains, which is the most common style. For example, say your window's width was 30 inches (76 cm). Add 6 inches (15 cm) to get the rod size of 36 inches (91 cm). Rods kept inside the trim mount give a very streamlined, practical style. The rod will be the same length as the width of the window. For example, if window's width was 30 inches (76 cm), your rod's length would also be 30 inches (76 cm). A rod kept below  the trim mount can help show off decorative window frames and molds. Rods positioned below the trim mount are generally 3 inches (7.6 cm) to 5 inches (13 cm) longer than the width of the window. This helps provide full coverage, even with the top of the window exposed. For example, say your window's width is 30 inches (76 cm). For a below trim rod, your rod should be 33 inches (84 cm).
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One-sentence summary -- Measure the width of each window. Add 3 inches (7.6 cm) to each side for a rod above the trim mount. Use the exact window width if your rod is inside the trim mount. Add 3 inches (7.6 cm) to 5 inches (13 cm) for a rod below the trim.

Q: Avoid letting the gelatin mixture boil.
A: Combine the grenadine and water in a small saucepan. Sprinkle the grenadine and water with the gelatin, allowing it to soak for 2 minutes. Heat the gelatin over low heat, stirring constantly with a whisk, for 5 minutes. Pour the grenadine gelatin mixture into a 9” (23cm) round pan that has been sprayed with nonstick cooking spray. Chill the pan in the refrigerator for 1 hour.

Article: Ask your child what he or she thinks and feels when it's dark. Reassure your child that their worries are normal, and will be less as they grow. Be respectful.   Avoid saying that their fears are silly. This may make them feel guilty or ashamed, and it’s important that you show support. Communicating about fears will help your child learn to be open with you.  This builds trust over time. Consider saying, "I know it feels scary right now, and that's normal, but it will get better" or "Tell me what makes you feel afraid.  How can I help?" Feeling afraid of the dark is a primal, evolutionary fear.  Sleeping alone in separate bedrooms is a modern way of life.  This practice will take time for your child to understand.  Be loving, comforting, and supportive.  Reassure them they are safe with you.  Be a role model and show confidence that they are safe.  Be calm and sensitive to your child's needs. Avoid the desire to overprotect them. If you show anxiety about their safety, then they may respond by being more anxious. Consider saying, "No need to worry.  You are safe here at home." If your child is fearful of monsters under the bed or elsewhere in the home, don't reinforce these fears by playing along.  Children have imaginative fears that they may believe is real to them. Young children under the age of 5 have difficulty in distinguishing fantasy from reality.   Don't inadvertently reinforce fears by scaring your child with scary stories of "things that go bump in the night." Use reason and logic to help your child learn about their fears. It is important to teach your child how to face their fears and addressing a fear of the dark is a good opportunity. You can do this by modeling how to face your fears and comforting your child during the process of confronting a fear.  For example, if your child fears that there is something under the bed, then go check it out together. Turn on the lights and have your child hold their favorite stuffed animal or your hand for comfort. Then, look under the bed for your child. Name what you see under the bed, such as some dust, a box of clothes, an old toy, and no monsters. Keep in mind that you may have to repeat this process over and over as your child learns how to face their fears and becomes more self-assured.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Talk with your child about their bedtime fears. Provide comfort to your child that they are safe. Avoid increasing fears. Teach your child to face their fears.

Article: Cleaning a rare, collectible coin can reduce its value by over 50% due to tiny scratches or the removal of the tarnish. If the gentle cleaning methods above do not work, it's safer to have it cleaned professionally or accept an imperfect appearance. Feel free to use the methods below on common, non-collectible coins if you prefer a brighter appearance for your own collection.  An even gold, grey, or iridescent tarnish (toning) is desirable and increases the coin's value.  A black or blotchy tarnish is not ideal, but harsh cleaning can still lower the value. Continue very carefully or take it to a professional. After washing the coin in soapy water, you may still see dark areas outlining letters or detailed images. Wash again and pick away this dirt slowly and carefully using a toothpick or bamboo skewer. Take care not to scratch the coin, since the pick can scratch away the tarnish. Pointy plastic utensils are slower, but less likely to scratch the coin. Silver polishes clean metal using acid and abrasives, both of which eat away a small layer of metal. This is an easy way to brighten non-collectible coins, but will almost certainly damage the value of collectibles:  Put a coin-sized dollop of polish on a soft cloth. Fold the cloth in half to transfer the polish to two sides. Place the coin between the fold of cloth. Rub together briefly. Wipe off the coin on a clean part of the cloth. This cheaper alternative to silver polish also abrades the silver coin, causing scratches that will be visible under a magnifying glass. Minimize damage by using distilled water and mixing in just a little baking soda to make a watery paste. Dip the entire coin the paste, rub between your fingers for a minute, then rinse with water. Repeat two or three times if necessary. Pat dry. A thick buildup on ancient coins is likely "horn silver" (silver chloride). This may be worth removing, especially if it prevents identification. Submerge the coin in a 10% ammonia solution in a tightly sealed container. Remove it after a few minutes, rinse immediately in water, then brush with a soft toothbrush. Repeat as needed.   Warning: ammonia liquid and fumes are corrosive. Wear neoprene gloves and work in a ventilated area.  Some hard buildups are the result of a different chemical reaction, which may require other treatments. Consult a coin dealer first if the coin might be valuable. The following treatments are especially risky. Without expert supervision, they may remove the tarnish or pit the coin's surface. These are more often used on ancient coins, where heavy buildup may prevent identification or severely lower the value. Relatively modern, machine-made coins should only be treated this way if they have little collector's value and an unattractive tarnish:  Soak the coin in a 50/50 mix of distilled water and lemon juice for one hour.  Soak the coin in 1 tsp (5 mL) lemon juice mixed into 1.5 cups (360 mL) olive oil. Warm this in a heat safe container inside a water bath, but keep it below boiling.  "Dipping" treatments can return a coin to a frosty white silver appearance, which some collectors value. However, this is an extremely risky procedure that can cause blemishes to appear. Hiring a professional is strongly recommended, but you can buy a dipping solution to use at home.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Use extreme caution with valuable coins. Pick dirt out of small crevices. Rub with silver polish. Wipe with a paste of baking soda and water. Remove hard deposits with ammonium. Use extra-harsh treatments as a last resort.