To provide support, the hole’s depth should be equal to the size of the root ball. It also needs to be 2 to 3 times wider than the root ball so the roots have room to spread. After planting, you’ll fill in the hole with loose soil, which will provide air circulation and room to grow. If your soil is dense, amend it with loam or sand before planting. Water the seedling or shrub thoroughly, then remove it from its container. Gently massage the roots with your fingertips to loosen them. Massaging the roots will encourage them to spread out and establish themselves in their new home. Place the root ball into the hole, then use your hands or a garden trowel to bury it. Fill in soil up to where the roots meet the stem. The roots need drainage, air circulation, and room to grow, so keep the soil loose instead of packing it.  If you have a smaller species of echium, place individual plants about 20 in (51 cm) apart.  If you’re planting a larger species, space individuals about 50 in (1.3 m) apart. Water thoroughly after planting, but don’t flood the planting area. Water the bed frequently and avoid letting the soil dry out until the plants establish themselves, which will take a few weeks. You’ll know the plants are established when you start seeing new growth.
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One-sentence summary -- Dig a hole that’s 2 to 3 times wider than the root ball. Massage the root ball gently before planting it. Plant the root ball and cover it with loose soil. Keep the soil moist for around 3 or 4 weeks.


How you access this dialog depends on which version of Word you have. Word 2002 and 2003 use a menu and toolbar interface, while Word 2007 and later use a ribbon interface.  In Word 2002 and 2003, access the Printed Watermark dialog by selecting Background from the Format menu, then selecting Printed Watermark. In Word 2007 and later, click the Page Layout tab. Look for the Page Background group, then click the Watermark option button. Select the Custom Watermark option at the bottom of the Watermark gallery. You can make a watermark out of either a picture (graphic) or text.  To make a text watermark, select the Text Watermark option. Type the watermark text in the Text box (or select one of the listed options), then select the text font, size and color from the options in the Font, Size and Color boxes. If you want an opaque watermark, uncheck the Semitransparent box; if not, leave it checked and your watermark text will be semitransparent. Choose either the Diagonal or Horizontal Layout option, according to which way you want the watermark text oriented. To make a picture watermark, select the Picture Watermark option. Click Select Picture to open a window in which you can browse for the picture you want to use. Once you find the picture you want, select it and click Insert. Select one of the options in the Scale box to set the picture size; choose Auto to show the picture at its best size. If you want the picture to appear distinctly, uncheck the Washout box; if not, leave it checked and your watermark picture will appear faded. Your watermark now will now appear on your document. If the watermark is text, use the Word Art commands. If the watermark is a picture, use the commands for dealing with pictures. In Word 2002 and 2003, the Word Art and Picture commands are options on the Format menu. In Word 2007, these options are found on the Insert menu ribbon, with Word Art in the Text group, and Picture in the Illustrations group. Although it doesn't appear there, the watermark is treated as part of the header. Therefore, if you want to have your watermark appear on only 1 or a few pages in a Word document, you have to insert section breaks in your document and give each section its own header and footer. After you click the top of the first page on which you do not want your watermark to appear, do the following:  In Word 2002 and 2003, select Break from the Insert menu. Choose Next Page as the type of section break and click OK. Click any page in the section you created, then select Header and Footer from the View menu. Select Link to Previous from the Header and Footer toolbar to break the link between the header in the new section and the header in the previous section. Click on the watermark and press the Delete key. In Word 2007, select Breaks in the Page Setup group on the Page Layout menu ribbon, then select Next Page from the Section Breaks section of the dropdown menu. Click any page in the section you created, then click in the new header and select Link to Previous from the Navigation section of the Design menu ribbon to break the link. Click on the watermark and press the Delete key. To create watermarks in a version of Word older than Word 2002, see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/211324
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One-sentence summary -- Open Microsoft Word. Go to the Printed Watermark dialog. Choose the type of watermark you want to make. Click OK to close the Print Watermark dialog. Adjust how the watermark appears. Determine which pages the watermark appears on.


When you are checking on your guinea pig, listen for any groaning. Your guinea pig will give a distinctive groan when she is going into labour. Even if you've never heard it before, chances are you’ll know it when you hear it. It should be under an hour and there should be about 5 minutes between pups. The sow will sit up with her head between her legs and make small ‘hiccups’, these are contractions.  Do not hold the mother. Do not crowd the mother — have only one person in the room, but another on standby to make calls if necessary. Do not intervene or touch the pups unless you need to. There is no need to remove other sows, they may even help with the pups. If any sign of complication or distress does arise, do not hesitate and contact the vet immediately. Signs of complication are:  Mother strains for 15 minutes without producing a pup. Total labor is over one hour. Mother starts making "extreme" stress calls Mother seems to give in, appearing exhausted Mother salivates/foams at mouth Excessive bleeding (more than a tablespoon) The vet may try to manipulate the piglet into a position where the mother can pass it. However, a caesarean surgery may be required. Occasionally, with large litters, if the pups emerge too quickly, the mother will not have time to break the amniotic sac herself. In these cases, and only if you are sure the mother will not do it herself, carefully pick up the pup with a clean towel and remove the sac yourself, clearing any fluid from the face. Do not use your fingers or nails as you could accidentally scratch the pup’s eyes. Whilst a pup becoming stuck in the birth canal or born breech is common, never intervene yourself. Only a skilled and experienced veterinarian should attempt to manipulate the position of pups before they are born. If a pup is not, carefully lift it up and hold it at arm’s length. Its head should be away from you. Spin around once. The force should free any blockages from its throat and help it to start breathing. If this does not work, gently rub its back forwards and backwards which should achieve the same thing. She will eat the afterbirth and should clean each pup. She will also eat any bedding etc. with blood on it. When you are sure the birth is over, you can assist the sow in cleaning by removing any stained bedding. If the sow runs away from the pups, carefully place her and the pups together in a small box and her maternal instincts should kick-in.
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One-sentence summary --
Listen closely. Be present for the birth. During the birth, look out for signs of complications and be ready to call the vet if need be. Intervene yourself with the pups only when absolutely necessary. Check each pup is breathing. Check that the sow clears away any signs of the birth. Ensure that the sow is interested in the pups as first-time mothers, particularly young ones, may run away from the pups as if confused.