Problem: Article: Take a thorough look at the dog's body to determine if it has any injuries that are bleeding excessively.  Look for areas in which the fur is saturated with blood or visible wounds from which blood is coming out. If the dog is bleeding severely, apply pressure to the wound with a clean piece of gauze or cloth.  If the blood seeps through the first piece of gauze, apply another clean piece over it.  Do not remove the soiled gauze because you could remove a blood clot that is forming and cause more bleeding. If the bleeding does not slow or stop after applying pressure for several minutes, try to slow the bleeding by applying pressure to the arteries that supply blood to the extremities.  These pressure points are located on the inside of the front and back legs and the underside of the base of the tail.  Use your fingers to apply pressure to these areas to help slow the bleeding. If the bleeding still does not slow, you may need to apply a tourniquet.  This should be done only as a last resort.  To do so, wrap a strip of cloth or gauze, a belt, leash, or something similar around the wound.  You should wrap the item between the wound and the body, about two inches away from the injury.  Tie a knot in the cloth and place a strong stick through the loop in the knot.  Twist the stick, tightening the cloth around the dog's leg, until the bleeding slows down or stops.  Secure the stick in place with tape or by tying the cloth around it again.  Once the tourniquet is in place, cover the wound with a clean piece of gauze or cloth.  Never leave the tourniquet on for more than ten minutes at a time.  After ten minutes, release the tourniquet for several seconds to allow for some circulation, and then reapply the tourniquet. Never apply a tourniquet around a dog's neck or over a joint or fracture. Do not use a rope or piece of wire as a tourniquet, as these can cut or irritate the area. Internal bleeding can be hard to identify and treat.  However, if the dog is bleeding from its mouth or anus, is vomiting blood, has blood in its stool, is in a coma, or in shock, there could be internal bleeding.  It is important you get the dog to a vet as quickly as possible if you suspect internal bleeding.
Summary: Look for injuries that are bleeding profusely. Apply firm pressure to the wound. Apply pressure to the arteries that supply blood. Apply a tourniquet. Check for signs of internal bleeding.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: It is never too early to begin thinking about saving for college. Although you do not need to decide exactly what school you (or your child) will attend, you should begin to consider some general possibilities. Understand that private universities generally will cost more than public universities. Public schools also grant tuition reductions for in-state residents. As your child grows and begins to develop interests, you can certainly redirect your focus, but it will help to set some targets for saving as early as possible.  According to U.S. News and World Report, the average tuition and fees at a private university for the 2016-17 school year are $33,635. The most expensive school in the study is Columbia University, with a one-year cost of $55,056.  The average in-state resident cost at a public university, reported by College Board, is $9,410 for a single year. These figures tend to increase by about 3% to 5% each year. Start thinking now about ways you can save money while in college. Even without any specialized investments or major savings plan, you can get a very big start on college saving by beginning early. Small amounts of money that you begin to set aside early can grow into substantial savings, even at modest return rates. The sooner you begin saving, and the more you save, the wider your range of options will be when the time comes to attend college. As a student, there are many opportunities to begin earning money that can be set aside for college. Some common jobs that are available even to relatively young students are babysitting, yard work, dog walking, house sitting or washing cars. If you are energetic, and with your parents’ permission, you can visit neighbors to ask if they have any jobs you could do to earn some money. As you earn, begin setting some money aside for college. Relatives, even extended family members, may be willing to help with college saving. If you speak with them early in the child’s life, you could design a saving plan that would not be too intrusive or expensive, but can have very positive results. Instead of, or perhaps in addition to, birthday or holiday gifts, you could ask relatives to contribute to a savings account for college. They will probably feel very good about being able to help in this way. The IRS allows individuals to make gifts to family members without paying a gift tax on the transferred money. This allowance is as high as $14,000 for gifts made during 2016. (Note that this is not tax deductible for the giver, but the amount of the gift is excluded from taxable income for the recipient.)

SUMMARY: Estimate your need and set a savings target. Start saving as early as possible. Start working early to earn your own college money. Get help from family members.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Before you can fix the nail, you need to make sure that your hands are clean and free of oils.  Use warm water and soap to wash your hands or feet. Dry well with a clean towel. Wash and dry carefully to avoid accidentally snagging the torn nail and making matters worse. If the tip of your nail broke off completely and you want to reattach it, soak the broken tip in warm water until it feels pliable again. If your nail is still attached or still pliable, disregard this step. Use the tip of the toothpick to ease the broken portion of the nail back into place. Press down on the nail with firm, even pressure, using the side of the toothpick.  Again, it is important to avoid getting glue directly on your fingers. Apply pressure for at least 1 minute to ensure that the nail adheres properly.
Summary: Wash your hands or feet. Soak the detached nail in warm water. Press the nail into place.

This step is particularly important if you are changing your piercing for the first time. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water, making sure to scrub them in warm water for at least 20 seconds. Dry with a clean towel. If you're changing your tragus jewelry out for a new piece, make sure to sterilize the new jewelry. Wash it in soap and water, and then dunk it in rubbing alcohol for a minute or two. Your hair will get in the way as you try to change your jewelry. It's best to pin it back out of the way to make the process easier on yourself. Of course, if you have short hair, it won't be a problem for you. Wipe the piercing and the area around it with rubbing alcohol to keep the area sterile. This will prevent having germs or bacteria left on your skin from causing an infection while you handle the piercing.
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One-sentence summary -- Start with clean hands and jewelry. Pull your hair back. Clean the area with alcohol to keep it clean.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: This is so that you can access the full length. You will want to make sure you clean as much of your tongue as you can. By extending your tongue all the way, you can also help yourself avoid gagging. Do this repeatedly. It is said that it should be done first thing every morning before eating or drinking. It is recommended you do this at least twice a day, with your regular brushing.  You will get a buildup of residue on the tool. Rinse it off, and continue until you've worked over your whole tongue. Be gentle. Do not break the skin or push too hard. Only go from back to front. Take your time. Use mouthwash and rinse thoroughly to wash away any remaining loose residue, and to freshen your breath. Try swishing the liquids around a bit in order to make sure your tongue is thoroughly rinsed off.  Alcohol based mouthwashes can dry your mouth out. Try using a mouthwash with hydrogen peroxide for extreme situations. Now that you've got the scraper and mastered its use, give your tongue daily attention. This is important. Making tongue cleaning a regular part of your daily habit.
Summary:
Extend your tongue. Scrape or brush your tongue from the back of the tongue to the front. Rinse your mouth. Keep it up.