INPUT ARTICLE: Article: The dial tone should be a mid-ranged, constant pitch. If you do not hear a dial tone, something is wrong. 3 Ways to Diagnose Landline Phone Problems Each number has a corresponding hole that will allow you to place your finger in to begin dialing that number.  This will allow the dial to return to its original position. Do this for the remaining numbers.

SUMMARY: Remove the handset from the cradle. Place the handset to your ear and listen for a dial tone. Place your finger on the first number you wish to dial. Rotate the dial clockwise until your finger touches the metal stop. Remove your finger from the opening. Find your second number and repeat steps three through five. Return the phone to the cradle when you are finished with your conversation.


INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Goats enjoy being in a herd, so they typically won't be happy by themselves. That means that you should get at least 2 goats to start out with so that you won't have one lonely goat. You can keep 2 females together, but you shouldn't try to keep a male and a female together or 2 males together.  Nigerian dwarf goats can cost anywhere from $50-$500 USD, depending on what your needs are. You'll pay higher prices for pedigree goats that you want to breed and sell, or ones that are particularly good for milking.  However, if you're new to raising goats, don't overwhelm yourself. Stick to 2 goats to start with, and build your herd up later on. While does can be bred as early as 7 months, it's best to wait until they're at least a year old. Your doe will be full grown then and able to better carry and care for any kids she bears. Goats have a gestation period of about 5 months. Your goat can have 3-5 kids at once. When a doe goes into heat, she's ready to breed. Typically, does go into heat every 21 to 28 days all year round. This period lasts 1-3 days each time. A doe will make a lot of noise while in heat. She'll also pace, wag her tail, and try to get to any nearby bucks. You may notice her vaginal area is dirty from discharge. You may also notice she urinates more often and is not as hungry as she normally is. for milk and kids. To get milk from your does, you need to breed them. That can be as easy as having a male around when a female goes in heat. Nigerian dwarf goats can breed any time during the year, but you do want to stagger your goats' breeding sessions to ensure you have a steady supply of milk.  You shouldn't breed a single goat more than 3 times in 2 years. You need to keep males and females apart until you are ready for them to breed. If you just have does, it's a good idea to pay someone to bring a buck in to impregnate them. That way, you can get a quality buck without having to pay a lot of money to own one. The best quality bucks will be registered, such as those registered with the American Dairy Goat Association. Ask around for the going rate in your area. The best way to choose a buck is to pick one that will improve weaknesses in your herd. For instance, maybe you have goats with low milk production, so you want a buck that helps increase production in the next generation. The owner will be able to tell you what qualities the buck can assist with. It's difficult to spot pregnancy on a goat from physical signs. You may notice a larger abdomen on the right side, or the doe might get swollen ankles and become cranky. However, every doe will exhibit different symptoms. The most accurate way to check for pregnancy is to use a scientific method like a blood test, milk test, ultrasound, or x-ray.  Your veterinarian can perform the blood or milk test, or you can send a sample off to a lab. You can also use an at-home kit to test your does, available online. Ultrasounds and x-rays are the most accurate, but they tend to be more expensive. They generally require a trip to the vet, though some vets have portable ultrasound machines. Watch for signs your doe is getting ready to give birth soon. She'll develop a more pronounced udder that feels almost hard to the touch. Some will get mucus dripping from their back end, and others will walk around and call out, like they're trying to find something.  When they start giving birth, they'll call out, and you'll hear straining and pushing sounds. To help, put on gloves, and lay out fresh straw. If she seems to be struggling with not much happening, place a little KY Jelly on your finger and gently massage the inside of her vulva. If she hasn't given birth after an hour, stick your hand inside her vulva and gently press the baby back, which can help turn it. The baby should be born head first with 2 hooves, though it doesn't always happen this way. Keep in mind she may give birth to 3-5 babies. If the umbilical cord for each kid doesn't break by itself, shred it with your fingernail; don't cut it. Dip each kid's umbilical cord stub and belly button into a cup of iodine, and turn the kid over so it runs down the area. Use a fresh cup for each kid. Wash the kid in warm water directly after labor. Dry it as thoroughly as you possibly can. Other than that, leave the kids alone to drink from their mom.  If a kid is screaming, you can help it find the milk. Check to make sure the doe's teats are giving milk by pulling milk from each one. If one isn't, gently scrape your fingernail over the end to remove the plug. If you must insert a finger in the doe, make sure to give her a shot of antibiotics once she's done giving birth. Also, try providing a bucket of warm water with 0.5  c (120 mL) of molasses, which gives her energy and water. You can also give her grain. Give her an extra half serving of grain for the next 4 days or so. Also, watch for the afterbirth. It can take anywhere from an hour to 12 hours to appear. She may eat it for the nutrients. Bucks need to be separated from their mothers earlier because they can impregnate their mothers if left too long. Does can be left a bit longer with their mothers.  The young goats will already be grazing and/or eating other food by this time. You simply have to move them as far as you can from their mothers to their own pen, so they can't hear their mothers calling and vice versa. Separate them earlier in the day so they have a chance to get used to the new area. Feed them as you would your other goats with some extra grain in their food.

SUMMARY:
Acquire goats in pairs at least. Wait until your does are 1 year old to breed. Watch for signs your doe has gone into heat. Breed your goats Watch for pregnancy. Help your doe give birth. Care for the new baby kid. Care for the doe after birth. Wean bucks at 3 months and does at 4-6 months.