Problem: Article: It is vital to check if the source of water is clean and not contaminated by harmful microorganisms. Contaminated water is one of the ways in which a stomach virus can be transmitted.  There are several ways to decontaminate water, the easiest of which is boiling. Water should be brought to a boiling point for at least 15 minutes before removing it from the heat. This ensures that microorganisms in the water are killed. Alternatively, if you find yourself in a location where you are unsure about water safety, you could stick to drinking bottled water. However, the seal on each bottle must be checked for any signs of tampering to ensure water safety. Substances like chlorine and iodine are dissolved in water to kill microorganisms. These chemical disinfectants work by breaking the chemical bonds in the molecules of bacteria and viruses.  This causes the entire molecule to fall apart or to change shape, which in turn causes a microorganism to die. To disinfect water, the following must be done: Add 2 drops of chlorine in 1 liter (0.3 US gal) of water. Stir the mixture well for at least 2 minutes. Wait for 30 minutes before using it. However, this method does not give 100 percent efficiency, thus filtering or boiling should still be utilized. These type of devices contain a pore size of less than 0.5 microns to filter viruses and bacteria. They work by trapping microorganisms in the filter so that the water passing through it is safe to drink.  Portable filtration devices should be used in combination with either the boiling method or chemical disinfectant. To use portable filtration devices, the following must be done: Fit your water filter onto the faucet. Most water filters are made according to universal measurements so that they can fit almost all faucets. Press firmly to ensure that it is tightly sealed. Open the faucet and let it flow for at least 5 minutes to remove any carbon dust. Portable filtration devices should be changed every month to ensure that the water is properly filtered. Microorganisms accumulate in the filter as time passes by, that’s why it must be changed monthly. You will never know how these foods are prepared and if they are safe enough to eat. They may contain harmful microorganisms such as those which cause stomach virus, especially if they are prepared using dirty hands and contaminated food ingredients. Spoiled foods must be properly disposed and trash cans should be kept sealed at all times to avoid attracting pests like rodents and cockroaches. Garbage also can be a place for microorganism to thrive in. Always be updated with the latest news. A good understanding of current events can aid you make wise decisions regarding travelling or doing recreational activities in different places or countries. For example, if there is an outbreak of stomach virus or gastroenteritis in a certain place and you plan on going there, then it would be best to cancel your plan for your own safety.
Summary: Avoid drinking contaminated water. Use chemical disinfectants. Decontaminate water with a portable filtration device. Avoid eating street foods. Ensure proper waste management. Increase your self-awareness.

Problem: Article: It is best to apply makeup to fresh, clean skin. Before applying makeup, wash your skin with a gentle cleanser that will support your skin type.   If you have dry skin, look for a cream cleanser, which will help moisturize the skin while cleansing. Use a gel or foam cleanser if you have oily skin. This will get rid of any dirt and oil on your skin without irritating the skin. If you have combination skin, it means that some parts of the skin are oily and other parts are normal or dry. In this case, look for cleansers that are designed specifically for combination skin as these cleansers work to treat both oily and dry skin. If you have sensitive skin that is easily irritated, look for the most gentle cleansers you can find. These will usually be made from plant oils. If you have skin that is prone to breakouts, look for a cleanser that contains salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, or tea tree oil to help keep those pimples at bay. You should absolutely be washing your face each night before you go to bed with the gentle cleanser in order to remove impurities that have built up on your skin throughout the day. You should then wash your face again in the morning (which is probably right before you will apply your makeup anyways). If you wake up late one day, and don’t have time to wash your face, at least splash some cool water on your face to wake up your skin. It will also help you be more alert, and give your skin a refreshed look.
Summary: Choose a cleanser suitable for your skin type. Get into a routine.

Problem: Article: Start by making a basic “hmmm” noise in your throat in your lower range as you exhale a breath. Repeat this five to 10 times, then repeat the same sound with your mouth open for five to 10 breaths. With your mouth open, you should make an “ahhhh” noise. Humming is a great way to warm up and relax the muscles of your throat, face, neck, and shoulders, and it can also help you control your breathing. Once your voice is warmed up with basic humming, begin to warm up for pitch changes by humming do-re-mi up the scale and then back down. Start at the lower end of your pitch range, and when you complete one sweep up and down the scale, go to a higher key and repeat.  Repeat this for four or five ascending keys, then work your way back down those same keys. Lip trills, also called lip buzzing or bubbling, are an exercise that vibrates and warms up your lips as well as your voice. To create the lip trill, you close your lips loosely, pout them slightly, and blow air through them (think of making the sound of a motor or raspberry). Do this for two exhales, then start slowly shaking your head from side to side as you do three or four more lip trills. Repeat the lip trilling and head shaking, and as you do this make a “b” sound with your mouth as you do vocal sweeps starting with a high note and going low, and then coming back up. Make an “ng” sound in your nose as though you were just saying the final part of the word “sung.” Continue to make this noise as you do three to five pitch sweeps. Every time you go back up and down again, push your voice into a slightly higher and lower pitch range. This exercise helps you warm up the voice gradually, prevents over-exertion of the voice, and helps singers transition between their head and chest voices, which refers to the different places air resonates in the body when creating different sounds and pitches. Tongue twisters are great for articulation practice, and if you say them in different pitches and at different volumes, they can be a great way to warm up before singing. Some good tongue twisters to try out are:  Sally sells sea shells by the sea shore Teaching ghosts to sing Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers Unique New York The tip of the tongue, the lips, the teeth Really rural The big, black-backed bumblebee Red letter, yellow letter
Summary:
Hum. Hum do-re-mi. Do some lip trills. Practice the siren song. Practice tongue twisters in different pitches.