Q: The scent of authentic perfumes is complex and intricately constructed. While smell can be a difficulty measure of authenticity, those who know the perfume's scent can often sniff out a counterfeit. Authentic perfumes will have three layers of scents that reveal themselves over time, consisting of top, middle and base notes. This complexity ensures that the scent is varied and multidimensional, allowing the scent to change from the initial application until complete skin absorption. Fake perfumes will have one dimensional fragrance layer and it will often have an "off" smell after only a short time of wearing it. Authentic perfumes have had a lot of work put into creating the different notes in the perfume. They will use a mixture of scents derived from natural products and synthetic products. Cheap perfumes tend to be completely synthetic and therefore lack the complexity of layered perfumes created with natural ingredients. An imitation perfume will initially smell similar but you will usually find that the authentic perfumes outlast their imitators in terms of longevity and effectiveness, which makes them better value in the long run. Opened bottles of authentic perfumes should retain their scents from six to 18 months. Citrus-based scents generally deteriorate around the six month mark, whereas floral-based scents should maintain until 18 months. Cheap opened bottles of perfume will lose their scents in a matter of weeks or a couple months. When researching the perfume you’re about to purchase, it’s important to know whether it’s supposed to have a ‘single note,’ or a complex scent. Single note perfumes contain only the top notes, so a lack of middle and base notes doesn’t always indicate a counterfeit. When checking the authenticity of a single note perfume, pay attention to whether the scent smells strange and if the scent matches up with the description listed on the manufacturer’s website. You should only test out the perfume once you’ve examined the packaging and analyzed the scent beforehand. Be cautious because counterfeit perfumes can often cause allergic reactions, or leave unwanted rashes on your skin. Once you’ve thoroughly checked every aspect of the perfume, apply it on your skin and pay attention to the way it smells throughout the day. If it’s an authentic complex perfume, then you should notice the tapering of the top notes throughout the day while the middle and base notes reveal themselves. A counterfeit perfume will often only keep its top scent for a few hours at the most.
A: Understand the complexities of real perfume. Know the layers. Discern synthetic from natural ingredients. Pay attention to longevity. Know what kind of notes the perfume is supposed to have. Test it out.

Article: Play starts with the player on the dealer’s left and goes clockwise around the table. If you don’t like what you see on the discard pile, start your turn by taking the top card off the draw pile. Add the card to your hand and look for possible scoring opportunities.  If you draw a red 3, play it and pick another card. Then, continue your turn as you normally would. You have to pick up a card at the start of your turn unless you’re taking from the discard pile. At the start of your turn, you have the choice to choose from either pile. It's one or the other. If the top card on the discard pile catches your eye, take it instead of picking from the draw pile. It can only be taken if you are able to use it right away to score points. Keep in mind, however, that you have to take the entire discard pile along with it! The discard pile is one of the most exciting parts of canasta. By taking the discard pile, you might end up with a lot extra cards to deal with, but you also get many more potential scoring opportunities. After opening your turn, search your hand for cards you can lay face up in front of you for points. Melding in canasta basically means matching same-rank cards, possibly with some wildcards as well. The initial meld in your hand needs to be worth at least 50 points before you play it. Once you play that first meld, you can play whatever combinations you see fit during the round.  The initial meld requirement increases as the game goes on. Once you accumulate 1,500 points, your meld has to be worth at least 90 points. At 3,000 points, it needs to be worth 120 points. If you happen to have a negative amount of points at the beginning of a round, your initial meld only has to be worth 15 points. Remember that each meld must have at least 2 natural cards to be played. You can add to existing melds you or your partner start, but you can’t add to an opponent’s meld. No matter what you do during your turn, end it by getting rid of one of your cards. Place it face up so the next player can think about taking it during their turn. Keep the discard pile square so nobody can see the cards underneath the one you laid down. Try to get rid of less valuable cards and ones you don’t think you can use to score points. It takes a little bit of strategy, so do your best to keep track of the cards on the table. If someone used most of the 4s to make a meld, for instance, the one you’re holding isn’t very useful. Meld your remaining cards or meld and discard to “go out.” When you go out, you don’t get to play until the next round begins with a fresh hand, so pick your chances with caution! Going out isn’t always the best move, especially when you’re playing with a partner.  For instance, you could choose to extend the game so you can make more matches. Your partner might also have high-value cards that would go to waste. If you are able to go out in a single hand, you get a 200 point bonus instead of 100. It is very hard to do, so you won’t see it happen too often.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Pick from the draw pile at the start of your turn if you need another card. Take the discard pile if you are able to make a match with the top card. Begin melding cards into sets of 3 or more during your turn. Discard a card face up at the end of your turn. Go out by using up all the cards in your hand.

Q: Your vet will know your pet almost as well as you do and can recommend the type of walking equipment you may need. Trust the vet’s expertise when it comes to selecting a collar and leash for your dog’s specific body type or weight. Your vet can assist you with tips to avoid neck conditions that can arise from an improper collar. There is a wide variety of collars and leashes available on the market, but not all of them are suitable for your animal. For example, a traditional buckle collar and hook leash are typically used when there is little issue with walking your dog. For those that have more difficulty with a non-cooperative pet there is a variety of more restrictive collars and leashes available.  Slip collars help keep the easily distracted dog in line. Pack leader collars are used on dogs that like to pull. Harnesses are useful on dogs with elongated necks. Special-use collars include shock collars, vibrating collars, and GPS collars. Glow in the dark collars make sure you are visible to others. Use retractable leads if you live near a large park or in the countryside so you can enable your dog to explore. This device is highly regarded as a safe and effective method for dog training. Use the clicker to reinforce good behavior and communicates in a clear, concise way to the dog. The click sound, followed by a treat, communicates to the dog that it has done the right thing. The clicker method is effective in training a dog to walk and other areas of training as well, such as barking, potty-training, and tricks. Use the clicker, followed by a treat, for the following steps:  Begin with putting the leash on. When your dog stops resisting the leash. As the dog walks behind you or beside you. Repeat periodically throughout the walk. When returning home, remove the leash. Repeat daily.
A:
Talk to your vet before buying walking equipment. Buy the proper collar and leash for your pet. Consider the clicker device for training.