Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Measure out your ingredients. Try substituting for unsweetened baking chocolate. Or try substituting semisweet chocolate. Alternatively, use cocoa to substitute for sweet baking chocolate. Mix it in with the liquid already in the recipe.

Answer: Each substitution is a little different – make sure you know what kind of chocolate your recipe needs. For the record, bittersweet and semi-sweet chocolate can be used interchangeably. As they are pretty much the same, only different names.   If you're trying to substitute for chocolate chips, you may be fighting an uphill battle. It won't taste the same as you're envisioning, but it is technically possible. To work backwards, a 12 oz bag of chocolate chips is 2 cups. 1 oz of baking chocolate is usually 1 or 2 squares. If using butter or margarine, soften it before beginning. Combine 3 tablespoons cocoa powder with 1 tablespoon of butter, margarine or vegetable oil. Mix it up until it's a uniform consistency. This will make the equivalent of 1 ounce of unsweetened baking chocolate. This is to make unsweetened baking chocolate. If you're using sweetened cocoa, the taste will not be the same – it'll be much, much sweeter. Combine 1 tablespoon cocoa, 3 1/2 tsp sugar, and 2 tsp shortening (butter, margarine, or vegetable oil work, too), mixing well. This will make the equivalent of 1 ounce of semisweet chocolate. You could try it instead of chocolate chips, but it will more like a semi-sweet chocolate cookie than anything. This recipe works for bittersweet chocolate, too. Combine 4 tsp sugar, 3 tbsp cocoa, and 1 tbsp vegetable shortening. This will make the equivalent of 1 ounce of sweet baking chocolate when mixed up well. Again, be wary of using this in a chocolate chip cookie as this is not in chip form. If you're unsure of what to do with your cocoa-sugar-shortening mixture, just add it into your bowl full of wet ingredients. It'll mix right in, no harm, no foul. It can also work drizzled on top and then put into the oven. It's best to avoid using it as a dipping sauce, however.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Think about who you need to lay off. Meet with your lawyer. Communicate with your staff. Plan the timing of the announcement.

Answer: Make sure that the people that remain will be able to cover the work of those who are being laid off. Layoffs, unlike firings, are typically about the company performing poorly and needing to let part of the workforce go. With layoffs, employees will be able to claim unemployment benefits. Firings, on the other hand, are usually about the poor performance of the employee. How exactly will the downsizing work? Will people be changing offices, or are you moving to a smaller space? Think very carefully about layoffs before you serve the termination letter because you don’t want to regret losing key people. You need to know the best way to go about laying people off. You should know your rights and responsibilities as an employer. You will also need to know your employees’ rights and responsibilities, and how they can go about collecting unemployment benefits. If you’re going to be laying off people, chances are it’s because your business is not doing well. Discuss the health of your business with your staff before doing layoffs. They might have good ideas about how to turn it around or find some creative solutions to the problems you are facing. It might turn out that you don’t need to lay off people (or at least not so many as you thought). If you do end up doing layoffs, at least your staff will be aware that this is part of a larger problem and not due to their performance.  ”I’m sorry to have to tell you all this, but our business has been dropping for the last two quarters. I am considering layoffs, even though I really don’t want to do it. We just don’t have the money to pay everyone going forward.” ”We’re looking at bankruptcy if we don’t make some changes in the staff. I don’t want to lay anyone off, but I think it’s going to be necessary.” ”The recession has made our client list almost dry up. If you have any suggestions, I’d love to hear them. But if we don’t make some changes, I’m going to have to lay people off.” Some business experts suggest Tuesday morning. It’s early enough in the week (but not Monday) that you’ll be able to control the response in the office. People can talk about it and think about it during work, rather than getting upset alone about it over the weekend. Avoid Fridays at the end of work and first thing Monday morning -- both are times when it will make people feel more resentful. Also steer clear of announcements right before holiday weekends for layoffs.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Bring water and cleaning agent to a boil. Test the crud's bond. Dislodge the crud.

Answer: Fill a pot or pan with water. Add a few squirts of mild dish detergent and/or a generous splash of vinegar. If you're cleaning anything other than a copper pot or pan (or cleaning the outside of a smaller pot or pan), place the item in the water. Set the burner to medium heat and bring to a boil. For heavy build-up of crusted-on materials, substitute the dish soap and vinegar with a cup (221 g) or more of baking soda for a more abrasive cleaning agent. Wait at least fifteen minutes once the water comes to a boil. Then remove the copper with tongs (or the item's handle if it wasn't submerged). Use any pointed tool (like a butter knife or screwdriver) to prod at the offending material. If it only seems marginally looser, put it back in the boiling water. Otherwise, set it on a heat-safe surface and wait for it to cool enough to handle safely. Once the crud gives way when you poke at it, switch to a brush, sponge, spatula, or similarly soft item to avoid scratching the copper. Use this to brush or scrape off the crud. For especially heavy build-up:  Combine baking soda and just enough water to create a thick paste. Apply an even coat of this over the copper before you start brushing or scraping. Repeat as needed, since heavy build-up may require a lot of elbow work, during which time the crud may dry and crust over again.


Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Create an account on the retailer's site. Confirm your shipping and billing information. Confirm that you are of legal buying age. Approve the transaction.

Answer:
Click on the button to “sign up,” “register,” or “create an account.” Enter your email address and a password to create your account. You'll also need to provide your name, birthdate, address, and phone number.  Some retailers will not allow you to purchase products as a guest, but some do with just your email. While they'll likely have you provide an ID later, many sites require you to also input your birthday when you create the account to discourage underage individuals from spending time on their site. Click the “checkout” button at the bottom of the "cart" screen. Input your shipping and billing information, then provide your payment method.  Most sites accept payment through credit card, though some will also allow you to use payment services like PayPal. If you plan to make additional purchases through the retailer, you may be able to save your payment method to make your later purchases easier. Online alcohol retailers are licensed and regulated just like storefront locations, and they're required to follow the same ID laws. In the U.S., you can't legally buy alcohol until you're 21 years old, even if you purchase it online. The retailer may require that you submit a copy of your ID to prove that you are old enough to buy alcohol. Click the button to finalize your order, and then wait for your shipment to arrive. Soon, you'll be enjoying your favorite alcoholic beverages delivered straight to your door!