In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: It is a bacterial infection which is caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus.  This disease occurs primarily in children usually appears on the face, but it can be experienced by adults and appear in other areas of the body.  It can spread to other sites of the body by scratching.  This disease in contagious and is transmitted from person to person by skin contact.  Impetigo has a fairly distinct look, comprised of red sores that have a "honey-colored crust" on top of them. Infection of hair follicles can occur with the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus causing folliculitis. It can occur wherever in the body where there is hair. It produces acute inflammation with pain and swelling and edema of the skin.  Furuncle and carbuncle are two types of infection that afflict the hair follicles.  Furuncle is more superficial while carbuncle occurs in the subcutaneous layer of the skin.  Carbuncle is common among diabetic patients and can predispose to infection of the blood or bacteremia. This is an infection of the apocrine skin glands.  These glands are characterized by their sweat secretion. This infection can resemble folliculitis, but its cause is unknown. See a dermatologist if treatment for presumed folliculitis does not work, as perhaps you have  hidradenitis instead. Hidradenitis is much less common than folliculitis. Erysipelas is commonly caused by the bacterium Streptococcus. The sites of infection are usually the face and scalp.  It differs from furuncle and carbuncle in that it is an infection on the dermal layer of the skin.  The rash is firm, raised, warm, and red, with distinct borders. In addition, there are systemic symptoms such as fever and acute inflammation. Cellulitis is a general term for any bacterial infection that goes deep into the dermis or second major layer of skin. It is usually caused as a complication of more superficial skin wounds or infections. Many, many bacteria can trigger cellulitis, including strep and staph.  There is inflammation of the affected area with redness and heat on the skin.  It is important to treat cellulitis while it is still confined to the skin in order to avoid the very serious complication of bacteremia, or the bacteria getting into the bloodstream. Necrotizing fasciitis is a deeper infection of fascia, which are connective tissue layers in the body. Necrotizing fasciitis can be very serious because in this disease the bacteria travel quickly along the fascia and can cause rapid necrosis (death) of tissue.  This is an uncommon disorder.  The usual site of infection is the extremities and abdominal wall. This infection is usually caused by anaerobic bacteria.. Anthrax is another very rare disease that is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis.  It is a spore forming gram positive bacteria that is usually found in farm animals. There are two forms — one travels via the air and infects the lungs; this is the bio-terror weapon you hear about. The same bacteria can also just cause a skin infection which can be bad but isn't necessarily deadly. There are two types of leprosy.  These are called: tuberculoid leprosy and lepromatous leprosy.  Leprosy is a common disorder in the tropical regions and is caused by Mycobacterium leprae.   Tuberculoid leprosy occurs in patients who have hypersensitive T-cells which are triggered by the bacteria to attack their own skin. You will notice skin lesions which don't heal and appear lighter than your normal skin color. These areas will be less sensitive to touch, temperature, and pain.  Lepromatous leprosy occurs in people with low level of activity of their immune system.  In this condition, the bacteria infect the skin as well as the blood. It may also spread to the eyes. Lepromatous leprosy is a serious medical condition that can cause massive tissue destruction and often leads to disfigurement.
Summary: Recognize sores, particularly in the face of a child, as a possible manifestation of impetigo. Check skin where hair grows for the signs of infection in hair follicles. Check the genital and underarm area for hidradenitis suppurativa. Look out for redness and swelling in the face and scalp, accompanied (possibly) by fever and acute inflammation. Consider cellulitis as the cause, if examining someone who has recently been wounded. Look for necrosis and fascia, especially in the extremities. Consider anthrax as a potential cause if you notice necrotizing skin with hemorrhage and acute inflammation of the affected skin. Recognize the symptoms of leprosy.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: As your cat ages, they will have an increasing level of susceptibility to UTI infection. This is due to changes in your cat's urinary tract and liver function.  Young cats under 7 years of age have a low risk of urinary infections. This is because they are excellent at concentrating their urine, and strong urine is a natural disinfectant that inhibits bacterial growth.  If you see signs of blood in a young cat's urine, it is likely that he has a problem not caused by infection, but by crystals, stones, or inflammation from an unknown source that has irritated the bladder lining. There is a distinct risk that crystals will clump together and form a blockage in the urethra – the tube the cat urinates out of. If this happens, it is an emergency that needs immediate veterinary attention.   Older cats over 7 years of age are at an increased risk of infection. Older cats have a reduced ability to concentrate urine, and as the cat ages he is quite likely to produce dilute urine because of a reduction in kidney function. This weak urine is not a very potent disinfectant and urinary infections become more likely. Again, it is important to treat these infections before they ascend into the kidney and cause significant damage leading to scar tissue formation. Although dilute urine is risk factor for UTI, once your cat has a UTI, regular, steady urination will help him flush his bladder out.  Bacteria produce waste products and chemicals that can irritate the bladder lining, causing inflammation. Regular hydration can dilute these factors and limit the amount of time they spend in contact with the bladder wall, helping reduce inflammation and soreness. To increase your cat's water intake, switch him form a dry to a wet food. This automatically increases the amount of fluid he takes in. Also, provide plenty of wide drinking bowls. Cats seem to prefer drinking from wide containers where their whiskers don't touch the side. Some cats will drink more if provided with flowing water such as that from a cat drinking fountain. Other cats dislike the chlorine and chemicals in tap water and are much happier when offered bottled water to drink. Some veterinarians recommend cranberry capsules to reduce the risk of a UTI. The cranberry extract contain proanthocyanidins, which may make it more difficult for bacteria to adhere to the bladder wall.  Consult your vet before starting any supplement in your cat. Your vet will approve the supplement and instruct you on an appropriate dose. Do not be tempted to increase the amounts of these supplements, because there is a risk of reducing the urinary pH too much and the extreme acidity could irritate the bladder lining.
Summary:
Understand age's effect on UTI risk. Encourage your cat to drink to flush his bladder. Feed your cat cranberry capsules or ascorbic acid to acidify urine.