Article: Pedigrees can be laid out in a variety of orientations. Assess whether the chart is oriented either vertically or horizontally on the page. Look at the orientation of the words to understand which direction it should be held. The lines on a pedigree can indicate biological or personal relationships. On a pedigree that is oriented vertically, a horizontal line connecting two individuals indicates a reproductive relationship, such as a marriage. A line that connects individuals vertically indicates the biological relationship of parent and child.  On a pedigree that is oriented horizontally the vertical lines indicate a reproductive relationship and the horizontal lines indicate the relationship of parent and child. Two short lines crossing a horizontal line typically indicate the end of a committed relationship. A pedigree is typically organized so that each generation of people or animals is positioned in a separate row. For example, your subject and all of their siblings will be located on the same row. The subject's parents and all of their siblings will be on the same row. These generational rows will continue on as far back as the pedigree goes.  These generational rows are not shown with actual row lines per se. They are just shown through the position of these subjects on the page next to each other. On some genetic pedigrees there may also be roman numerals off to the side that indicate the specific generations. There are a few symbols on a genetic pedigree that are generally used. In particular, there are standard symbols used to distinguish between male and female subjects. If a person or animal is female, they will be represented with a circle. If a person or animal is a male, they will be represented with a square. Whether a square or circle is filled in gives you key information. A filled in circle or square indicates that the presence of a trait. An empty circle or square indicates the absence of a trait. In some cases there will be circles or squares half filled in. This indicates that the person or animal is a carrier of the trait but does not present with it. Pedigrees can use a variety of symbols, depending on what trait they are tracing and what they are being used for. If you do not understand a specific symbol, there should be a key included that explains its meaning.  Keys can have explanations of specific symbols, types of lines, and other information that is important for understanding everything on the pedigree. Keys are usually located in a corner of the pedigree.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Figure out the orientation of the pedigree. Trace lines in the pedigree. Pay attention to rows of subjects to identify specific generations. Look for standard symbols. Look for a key of additional symbols.
Article: from your diaphragm. Take a deep breath in through your nose and exhale out through your mouth. Each inhalation and exhalation should last for a full second. Continue to breathe and count to 10 in your head. As you breathe, you should start to feel your body calming down. You may have to do this a few times before you start feeling any effects. Before the conversation escalates to a full-blown argument, remove yourself from the situation. Excuse yourself to the bathroom or tell the person that you need a second and take a walk. This space will give you time to think about the argument and your emotions.  You can say something like, “I’ll be right back, I need to use the bathroom. When I get back, let’s talk about this.” Don't worry about coming off as rude or impolite. It is much better to step away and "cool off" than to stick around and blow your fuse. When you're alone, think about the conversation and determine what is making you angry in the first place. Try to look at the conversation as objectively as possible. Reflect on whether you're mad over the argument or if you’re angry over something unrelated.  Think of ways to verbalize it so that you can communicate it to the person you’re arguing with. You can say something like, “I realized I was angry because of how you spoke to me earlier today. I wasn't actually that angry about you not taking out the trash.” Sometimes we can get so engaged in an argument that we forget how the conflict will affect our long-term relationship with a person. Try to take a step back and think about the importance of the argument. If the argument is over something that isn’t meaningful, it may help you calm down, give you greater perspective, and put an end to the argument.  For example, if your friend forgot to order your coffee frappe with extra whipped cream, just tell yourself that "it's no big deal, at least they ordered something for you." Some issues may not be worth getting all worked up about. Get into the habit of asking yourself if this is really worth getting upset about, or if it is something you should simply try to let go. Once you have decided to let go of the issue, you may feel more calm about the situation.If you find that you cannot let the issue rest, then this is a sign that it may be something you will need to address.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Breathe deeply Excuse yourself from the conversation. Evaluate your emotions. Think about the bigger picture. Learn to let go to keep yourself from getting upset.
Article: As the leader calls commands, they will hold their arms out from their sides. If you are the leader, quiver your hands and fingers as you shout at your group. If you are part of the group, you can quiver your hands and fingers when your hands are in a stationary position at the beginning of the Haka. If you are part of the group, keep your hands in fists for most of the motions. The pukana is the glaring, wild-eyed look that the performers have on their faces throughout the Haka. For men, the pukana is a facial expression intended to intimidate and scare the enemy. For women, the pukana is a facial expression intended to express sexuality. To show pukana, open your eyes really wide and hold your head up high. Glare and stare at your opponent while raising your eyebrows. Sticking out your tongue, known as the whereto, is another intimidating gesture to display to your opponent. Stick out your tongue as far as you can and open your mouth wide. Keep your body strong and taut during the entire Haka dance. Your muscles are flexed while your body A throat-slitting motion is sometimes included in a Haka dance, where you draw your thumb swiftly across your throat. This motion is a Maori gesture that brings vital energy into the body. It is often misunderstood, however. Many people consider it to be an overly violent gesture. Therefore, this motion is often not included when many groups do a Haka.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Quiver your hands. Show your pukana. Stick out your tongue. Flex your muscles. Draw your thumb across your throat.