Is her goal to stay up for 24 hours? For 48 hours? Studies show that writing down goals improves achievement of the goal. Research shows that when people break their goals down into smaller chunks, they complete the goals more quickly and accurately. Help your friend look at this challenge as an hourly goal or break it down even further, to minutes. Goals might be: Stay awake for one more hour, until 2am. When that goal has been reached, the next goal might be the same: Stay awake for one more hour, until 3am. Staying awake for one more hour (or 15 or 30 minutes) seems more manageable and easier to accomplish than staying awake for 24 or 12 hours. Oftentimes, repeating a mantra can help focus the mind on something other than the difficult experience at hand. Good mantras are short, encouraging, and rhythmic.  Make up a mantra. Use someone else’s mantra and repeat it. Try out, “Feeling strong, feeling good," or, “Looking good, feeling good, oughta be in Hollywood.”
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One-sentence summary -- Help your friend write down a goal. Break down the goals into small, manageable chunks. Repeat or chant a mantra.

Q: Lay the back piece flat on your work surface with a side piece up against it to create a 90 degree angle. Attach the first side piece to the back edge using a screw gun. You will only need three screws to attach the side. They should be placed 10” apart. One at the bottom, one in the middle and one at the top.  Use 1 1/2" deck or galvanized wood screws to prevent rusting. Repeat this for the other side of the house. If a screw gun isn't available, you can use a screw driver. Put the piece measuring 5 ¾” x 5 5/8”, in the interior of the back and the sides. The floor should be flush with the bottom of the back board and side boards. Using the screw gun or screw driver, drill a screw through the side into the edge of the bottom piece and repeat on opposite side. Drill another screw through the back wall, into the side of the bottom piece. Slide the 30" long front piece with slots up against the bottom block, mirroring the back piece. Attach with screw gun or screw driver by drilling through the side, into the edge of the front piece. This is exactly how you attached the back piece, every 10”. Place one screw through the front piece, into the bottom block. Remember, the roof block with sit inside the house when closed to seal the unit shut. The roof block will need to be centered on the underside of the roof. Put the roof piece flat on a table lengthwise vertically. Measure 1” off the back edge and draw a horizontal line. Mark the center of this line which is 4 5/16”. Draw a vertical line from this point to the front edge of the roof piece.  Also mark a center line on the shorter edge (5 ½”) of the roof block, which is 2 ¾”. Place the roof block along the horizontal line. Be sure to line up the center marks on both the roof piece and roof block. This will center the roof block on the roof and allow for equal overhang. Use 1 1/2" galvanized nails and hammer in one on each corner. Nails should be short enough to avoid going completely through the roof. Check to make sure everything looks secure and stable.
A: Grab the back and two side pieces (these each measure 30" in length). Place the floor. Stand the house upright. Attach the roof block to roof. Nail the roof block to the roof. Place lid on top of standing butterfly house.

Article: Using a saber or keyhole saw, cut out the bottom of the bucket. Use 40 to 60-grit sandpaper to sand the edges until they are smooth. By removing the bottom of the bucket, it will be easier to lift the bucket off of the sand.  If you do not want to remove the bottom yourself, then ask the hardware store if they can do it for you. Alternatively, use a regular bucket without the bottom removed if you do not have a 1 gallon (3.8 l) bucket. You can purchase 1 gallon (3.8 l) buckets, saws, and sandpaper from your local hardware store. Fill a third of the bucket with sand. Add an equal amount of water to the sand. Pack the sand down with your hands. Repeat this process until the bucket is full of compact sand. Remove the bucket. Once the sand feels solid enough and does not give under pressure, it is compact. Ask you create the layers of sand, place the bucketfuls of sand close together. Fill in gaps between the bucketfuls of sand with more sand and water. Pack the sand with your hands until the base feels solid. Keep adding layers of sand until you have reached your desired height. Once you have reached your desired height, use a sand wedge hoe or a plastic knife to smooth the surface of the sand flat.  Large sandcastles are typically 5 by 5 feet (1.5 by 1.5 m) or bigger. If you plan to build a sandcastle taller than you, then bring a step ladder to the beach so you can reach the top.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Remove the bottom of a 1 gallon (3.8 l) bucket. Build layers by placing the bucket upside down on the base. Cover the entire base with a layer of compact sand. Add a second layer to create more height.

Article: Avoid doing any activities that aggravate your shoulder for a few days, but don’t avoid using your shoulder for too long. Contact your doctor if you are still having trouble moving your shoulder without pain after a few days. If you have to use the affected arm in the first few days, try to keep your shoulder still and restrict movements to your elbow. Do your best to keep objects close by and at lower heights so you don’t have to reach up to grab them.  For instance, if you have to use a fork with the affected arm, bend your elbow to bring the utensil to your mouth. Try not to raise or rotate your shoulder as you move your forearm. Don’t lift heavy objects, use the affected arm to bring your phone to your ear, or do any other activities that involve moving your sore shoulder. Ice your shoulder in regular intervals and after activities that aggravate your pain. Wrap ice or an ice pack in a clean towel instead of applying it directly to your skin. Continue icing several times a day until your pain improves. Heat increases blood flow and might help you feel more comfortable. You can also try applying a warm compress or heating pad for 15 minutes 2 or 3 times per day. Ice is typically best for the first 3 days, since it helps keep swelling in check. Heat can worsen inflammation, but it relaxes muscles and promotes healing. Some people respond better to one or the other, so go with the option that provides the most relief. Try to keep your shoulders, head, neck, and back in proper alignment at all times. When you sit and stand, avoid slouching and hold your head up straight. Do your best to sleep on the unaffected side or on your back. Poor posture and sleeping on your bad shoulder can push the joint out of alignment and aggravate your irritated tendons. An NSAID pain reliever, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, can help manage pain and inflammation. Take your medication according to the label’s instructions or ask your doctor or pharmacist to recommend a dosage. Tell your doctor if you take an NSAID daily for more than a few days. Relying on pain relievers could be a sign you need other treatment options, like an immobilizing brace, cortisone shot, or physical therapist.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Avoid using your shoulder as much as possible. Apply ice for 20 minutes 3 to 4 times a day. Take hot showers to relieve stiffness. Maintain good posture when standing, sitting, and sleeping. Take an over-the-counter pain reliever.