Q: You will be given an injection of a purified protein derivative into the inner forearm that will result in a 6-10 mm welt that will disappear within a few hours. Do not place a bandage over the site of the test for the required 48 to 72 hours. You can wash and dry your arm carefully. You also should not scratch or rub the test area on your arm. This can cause redness or swelling that may cause the results to be misread. You can apply a cold washcloth on your arm if it is itchy. The test must be read within 48-72 hours. If you do not come back within 72 hours, the test is considered invalid and will have to be repeated. Use your fingertips to find the induration. This is a hard, dense, raised formation with definite borders. If there is a firm bump, use a pen to mark the widest edges of the induration on the forearm. The only part that is important for your test results is the hard bump. The reddened area or any slight swelling does not count towards the size of the induration. You cannot always see the induration. You must find the induration with your fingertips. The test site may be red, but that does not mean you have TB. You have to measure the induration. This induration is measured across your forearm in millimeters. Use a ruler with millimeter measurements. Place the edge of the ruler with "0" on the left edge of the raised bump where you marked it with a pen. Look where the mark made on the right side of the bump falls on the ruler. If the mark is between two different lines, use the lower measurement.
A: Go to your doctor for the tuberculosis skin test. Leave your arm uncovered. Return to your doctor. Find and mark the induration. Measure the induration.

Q: Signs of infection include reddening, swelling, or pus around the area where catheter had been removed. Fever may also indicate the presence of infection.  Continue to flush the area with warm, salty water. Bathe and wash as usual. While you may have discontinued baths when your catheter was inserted, showers are fine. Now that you've removed the catheter, you can take baths as well. Your urine should be clear or light yellow. Presence of light pink urine is also normal for the first 24 – 48 hours following catheter removal, as a slight amount of blood may have entered the urinary tract. Urine that is dark red in color is a sign of blood, and foul-smelling or cloudy urine may indicate infection. If either of these are present, contact your medical provider immediately. You may experience a slight rash on the area where your catheter has been removed. Cotton underwear allows for freer airflow to the area which aids healing. After removing a catheter, it's important to keep track of your urination patterns. If you have not urinated within eight hours of removing your catheter, contact your health care provider.  It's normal for urination to become a little irregular once your catheter is removed. It's common to find yourself needing to urinate more frequently than normal. You may experience a slight discomfort when urinating. If this persists beyond 24 – 48 hours following catheter removal, this may indicate infection. You may also find that you have difficulty controlling your urine flow. This is not unusual. Keep track of incidents that concern you, and ask your medical provider about these incidents at your next visit. Keep a urination diary to help your doctor determine whether or not any further steps are needed on the path to your recovery. Drinking six to eight cups per day of water will help aid recovery of your urinary tract. Drinking a lot of water can help to increase your urine volume while also flushing out any bacteria or microorganisms in your bladder and urethra.  Avoid drinking caffeine as it may irritate the bladder.  Limit your fluid intake after 6:00 pm. Drinking too much liquid in the evening may wake you up during the night. Elevate your feet when seated, particularly in the evening.
A: Check for signs of inflammation or infection. Keep track of the time when you go to the bathroom. Drink plenty of fluids.

Q: Ask your instructor's permission before recording any part of your class sessions. With his or her permission, use an audio recording device during class. If you're using a digital recorder, convert the file into an mp3 and listen to your lecture while you're commuting or working out in the morning. Write down important ideas, concepts, names, and dates, rather than trying to take down every single word your instructor is saying. This should be done immediately after class, if possible. If you cannot study right after class has ended, studying as soon as possible that day is crucial, as most in-class information is forgotten after 24 hours.  Read through each line of notes slowly and carefully. Ask your instructor about anything that doesn't make sense or is unclear to you. This will allow you to compile the most vital information in one place, and can help you make more sense of the notes you took in class. But don't just copy the material mindlessly! Rephrasing class notes in your own words will also help you understand the material beyond simply re-stating what you've been told. This will help reinforce the things you learned that week, and may help you contextualize each day's lesson better within the framework of the entire week's lesson plan. Color-coding your notes by lesson or topic may be helpful, or try using a series of folders to create an orderly system. Try different organization methods until you find one that works right for you. This may include organizing handouts separate from notes, or organizing everything by date, by chapter, or by topic. Flashcards can help you memorize important names, dates, places, events, and concepts. They can be used for nearly every single subject taught in school.  Choose the most important names, dates, concepts, etc. Write the name on one side and the definition on the back. For math formulae, write the equation on one side and the solution on the back. Quiz yourself. Once you've mastered giving the definition or solution based on the front of the card, try quizzing yourself by going through the cards in reverse - that is, read the definition or solution on the "back" of the card and challenge yourself to give the correct term or equation written on the "front" of the card. Break your flashcards up into manageable sections. Just as cramming from notes/lesson plans is ill-advised, research has shown that the strategy called "spacing" is also more effective than cramming when it comes to flashcards. Don't try to learn more than 10-12 flashcards at a time. You don't have to be chained to a desk to study. Use technology to liberate your study sessions so you can study anytime, anywhere. Many mobile apps will allow you to create flashcards. You can review them anywhere, whether you're standing in line at the store or riding the bus. Try recording your notes in a wiki or blog. You can tag these posts with relevant keywords, making finding your material a snap when it comes time to study. You can also review them anywhere you have an internet connection.
A: Record your class lecture, and listen to it at home or on the go. Consolidate and trim down your notes in class. Review your notes every day. Transfer notes from class into a designated study notebook. Review the whole week's worth of notes over the weekend. Organize your notes. Make and use flashcards. Go mobile.

Q: Monarchies often have specific terms of address borne of their countries' traditions. Search online or in etiquette books for the terms of address for the specific monarchy. The term "Your Majesty" is common and unlikely to cause offense. This term is the proper way to address most queens, from Queen Pengiran Anak Saleha of Brunei, to Queen Mathilde of Belgium. Use "Her Majesty" instead of "her" when writing or speaking about these queens in the third person. If a monarch's title includes "Empress," or if the nation she heads traditionally considers itself an empire, she should be addressed as "Her Imperial Majesty."
A:
Try to find the specific form of address. When in doubt, use "Your Majesty." Address Empresses as "Her Imperial Majesty."