It is much easier and safer to give injections to cattle that are restrained. You can use a head gate or squeeze chute (also called a crush) to restrain the cow. No matter what method of restraint you use, make sure that the cow is restrained well enough that it will not be able to injure you or someone else. A squeeze chute or cattle crush is a narrow stall with adjustable sides wide enough for 1 adult cow. The panels prevent the animal from moving. It may also have a calming effect on the animal. There’s also a gate in the front and back of the chute to keep the cow still. This makes the neck easily accessible for injections. Always read and follow the directions on the label of the medication or vaccination for the dosage and route of administration. The drug manufacturer is obliged by law to print instructions on the injection bottle as well as warnings, information about the targeted microorganisms, and other important details. If there is an option to choose between an intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SQ) injection route, always go for the SQ as it is less invasive, which means it is less likely to damage valuable carcass meat. However, some drugs need to be given by IM injection to be properly absorbed. The required site for injection, particularly in beef cattle, is a site called the "injection triangle." This triangular area is located on either side of the cow’s neck and contains few vital structures (like blood vessels and nerves). The injection triangle is broadest at the shoulder and tapers up towards the ear. The retail value of meat from this site is lower than the rump, so you are less likely to lose money if you are planning on selling the meat. The landmarks for finding the triangle are:  The upper boundary is located below the spinal column following the line of the neck crest. The lower or angular boundary runs along and above the jugular furrow, which is located in the middle of the neck. The posterior boundary (the one closest to the rear of the animal) follows the line above the point of the shoulder, which angles up towards the top-line or top of the shoulder. The difference between the 2 is that with a syringe, you manually control how much of the drug gets injected into the cow. The dosing gun dispenses pre-set volumes of medicine for administering them to more than 1 animal.  A syringe is made up of 3 parts: the body (that contains the drug), the plunger (that fits snugly inside the barrel), and the needle. Syringes are plastic and you use them no more than once or twice before they need to be thrown away. Plastic syringes come in 1, 2, 3, 5, 12, 20, 35, and 60 cc (1 cc = 1 mL) sizes. Use the syringe size required for the dose you are giving. A dose in a syringe should only be used for 1 animal. A dosing gun or pistol syringe has a glass barrel (loaded with multiple doses) with a plunger that has a thick rubber washer at the end to form a vacuum, a needle, and a handle-trigger that is the same as that on a caulking gun. Some guns have the option of attaching a bottle. Dosing guns come in 5, 12.5, 20, 25, and 50 mL sizes. This is if you have more than one medication or vaccination to give. The next shot should be administered in a place that is at least 4 inches (10 cm) (about a palm’s width) away from the first shot site. If you keep putting medication into the same spot, the cow’s body will have a harder time absorbing it. The medications could also react and become ineffective, or they could cause an adverse reaction that may kill the animal.
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One-sentence summary -- Restrain the cow before giving the injection. Read the label. Find the injection site. Select the syringe or dosing gun. Vary the injection sites.


The Sunday paper is the traditional go-to place for coupons, since it tends to have several coupon inserts.  When you're just getting started, you might be happy with one copy, but true extreme couponing requires more than one copy of each coupon. Most extreme couponers need at least four copies of the newspaper, so to avoid purchasing so many papers, ask neighbors, friends, or family for their inserts if they will not use them. Another way to get extra inserts is to check coffee shops. People often leave newspapers there when they are finished reading them, and not many people take the coupon inserts. Don't be afraid to go dumpster diving for inserts. In some areas, stores recycle their unsold papers with inserts, so check recycling bins outside of places like Starbucks on Monday mornings. Sometimes the newspaper itself does not use all the inserts and throws away many copies. Serious couponers know that the newspaper office dumpster can be a goldmine on Sundays. Sites offer many manufacturer coupons that you can print out at home. You can choose which ones you want and only print the ones you will use.  Some popular coupon sites include www.coupon.com, www.redplum.com, or www.smartsource.com.  If there is a certain product you need a coupon for, try doing a Google image search for the product name plus the word coupon (for example, "toothbrush coupon") or a more specific search if you want a certain brand or type. You can also check manufacturer websites, sign up for emails from companies and manufacturers, and check retailer websites for current coupons. If you know you are definitely going to make use of a coupon, buying it for less than its face value can be a good way to save money.   You can purchase copies of coupons at online at sites like The Coupon Clippers or eBay. You can buy single coupons or whole newspaper inserts. You can also check your local Craigslist or Freecycle website for people selling or giving away coupons. Be sure that if you do buy coupons from a stranger, you meet up with them in a public, well-lit place like a local grocery store or bank. Never give them your home address and never meet up after dark or in a secluded location. Many grocery stores are learning the value of offering small discounts on products and have begun to offer coupons in the store itself.  Many stores have devices that give out in-store coupons in the aisles or next to product displays. Some stores also have their own coupon booklets. Some stores print out coupons on the back of or in addition to your receipt at check-out. In this case, of course, you'll have to use the coupons at your next visit.
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One-sentence summary --
Subscribe to the Sunday newspaper. Look for printable coupons online. Purchase coupons. Check your grocery stores for store coupons.