Summarize the following:
One way of doing this, if you don't have a tape measure is to take a string and measure around the lens and then add an inch to an inch and a half. If it is too long, you can always trim it.    Note that there is a very small gap. It might indicate that your end cap needs to be slightly larger. If you are just starting out making your own bokehs, you will want to have the measurements so that you can make a collection. The lens measurements for this example were 10 and 1/2 inches x 2 and 1/4 inches. The end cap's circumference was 2 and 3/4 inches. A wingding about the size 48 is a good size for the center piece.

summary: Measure the outside circumference of your lens. Cut a rectangular piece of whatever you are using, (thin plastic, poster board) with enough left over so that you can fasten it somehow. Measure the circumference of the bokeh after assembled for the 'end cap'. Fasten it together with some type of tape. Put the pieces together. Measure all the parts. Finished.


Summarize the following:
Place a wide strip of double-sided tape on the floor, centering it between both edges of both pieces.  This tape should be centered over the chalk line you drew on the floor earlier. Keep both edges folded back during this step. Do not lay them back down until instructed to do so. With both pieces of carpet out of the way and the tape perfectly centered between them, carefully peel off the protective paper on top of the tape. Lay one edge of the carpet down, pressing it firmly on the double-sided tape. Do not lower the other carpet piece yet. Spread a thin, consistent line of carpet seam adhesive along the edge of your flattened piece. Make sure that the adhesive is as close to this edge as possible. Use enough adhesive to form an even line all the way down the edge. You need more than a few small beads, but you should not apply the adhesive in globs, either. Carefully let down the other piece of carpet, flattening its edge against the edge of the first piece and into the seam adhesive.  Wiggle and butt the edges together as needed to join them together evenly. If the two edges buckle, press down on them until you can smooth it out. Keep the nap stays out of the adhesive. Only the back of the carpet should be cemented in place. Clean off any adhesive with a damp rag while the adhesive is still wet. You should also pass over the seam with a rolling pin or seam roller to fix it in place more securely.  When the adhesive dries, use a carpet brush and brush the fibers along the seam. Doing so will help mask the seam. This completes the process if you are using seam adhesive.

summary: Apply double-sided tape. Press one piece in place. Apply the adhesive. Lay down the second piece. Tidy up the seam.


Summarize the following:
You may set out to people watch just to pass the time. Or, you may be looking to observe certain behaviors and mannerisms for a specific purpose. If you are looking to get information from people watching, set those goals beforehand so you know what to do as you watch. People watching is a great way to get fashion ideas and character designs for books, movies, and plays. People watching with another person is always more enjoyable. Grab a friend to sit and chat with you as you observe people. Don’t laugh at or make fun of people as you watch them with your friend. This can make people feel bad or uncomfortable. Avoid bringing a large group to people watch. This will only call attention to you, and your group of friends might get bored. You want to blend in with your surroundings. Avoid flashy shirts and lots of bling. Instead, opt for neutral colors and weather-appropriate clothes to become a person in the crowd rather than standing out as an observer. Avoid wearing large hats or glasses. If you’re people watching with a purpose, like character inspiration or costume design, you might be struck with a great idea while you are out. Take a notebook and a pencil with you when you people watch to write down any great observations or insights that you notice as you observe people. Be subtle as you write things down. Don’t stare right at someone and take notes on them. Instead, steal quick glances as you observe them from afar. Someone simply sitting and staring can be a little disconcerting to people walking by. If you don’t have a notebook, bring your phone or your laptop to look distracted as you sit and people watch. Act like you are typing a report or texting a friend instead of simply sitting and watching.  You can also bring a book or magazine to act like you are reading. Plug headphones into your phone or laptop to look even more inconspicuous. The most interesting part of people watching is making guesses about other people’s lives. To get the most out of your people watching experience, observe how people walk, talk, and interact with others to take guesses as to who they are and why they are here. People’s clothes also say a lot about them. Layers indicate they are prepared for the weather, while showing skin can mean confidence. Everyone has bad days sometimes. As you people watch, you may see some people who express behaviors you don’t quite agree with. Try to be an unbiased observer and simply take in what you see without making judgement calls on it. People may act differently when they don’t know they are being observed. Body language can say a lot about a person’s mood. Crossed arms can mean anger, hunched posture can mean sadness, and relaxed shoulders can indicate happiness. Pay attention to how people stand or sit and make guesses as to how they are feeling. Facial expressions are also a good indicator of mood. Scowling or scrunched faces indicate anger while raised eyebrows often indicate contentedness or relaxation. Note if they have an accent, a high or low speaking voice, if they seem excited or frustrated, or if they are overly quiet. Make guesses as to how they are feeling based on how they sound and if they are enjoying their conversations. It can also be fun to overhear snippets of people’s conversations without context.
summary: Set goals for your people watching if you want to learn something. Bring a friend with you to have more fun. Wear an outfit that won’t make you stand out. Bring a notebook to write down interesting moments or people. Act like you are doing something on a phone or laptop. Think about each person that passes and who they might be. Avoid passing judgement on anyone. Observe people’s body language to pick up on their emotions. Listen to people’s voices as they talk to learn more about them.