INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Atomic mass, the mass of a given atom or molecule, can be expressed in standard SI mass units - grams, kilograms, etc. However, because atomic masses, when expressed in these terms, are incredibly small, atomic mass is often expressed in unified atomic mass units (usually shortened to "u" or "amu") or in Dalton's (Da). The standard for one atomic mass unit is equal to 1/12th of the mass of a standard carbon-12 isotope. Atomic mass units tell the mass of one mole of a given element or molecule in grams. This is a very useful property when it comes to practical calculations, as it allows easy conversion between the mass and moles of a given quantity of atoms or molecules of the same type. Most standard periodic tables list the relative atomic masses (atomic weights) of each element. This is almost always written as a number at the bottom of the element's square on the table, under its one or two letter chemical symbol. This number is usually expressed as a decimal rather than as a whole number.   Note that the relative atomic masses listed on the periodic table are average values for the associated element. Chemical elements have different isotopes - chemical forms that differ in mass because of the addition or subtraction of one or more neutrons to the atom's nucleus. Thus, the relative atomic mass listed on the periodic table is suitable as an average value for atoms of a certain element, but not as the mass of a single atom of that element. Relative atomic masses, as listed on the periodic table, are used to calculate molar masses for atoms and molecules. Atomic masses, when expressed in amu, as on the periodic table, are technically unitless. However, by simply multiplying an atomic mass by 1 g/mol, a workable quantity is obtained for an element's molar mass - the mass (in grams) of one mole of an element's atoms. For example, the atomic mass of iron is 55.847 amu, which means one mole of iron atoms would weigh 55.847 grams. As has been noted, the relative atomic masses listed for each element on the periodic table are average values of all of an atom's isotopes. This average value is valuable for many practical calculations - like, for instance, calculating the molar mass of a molecule comprised of several atoms. However, when dealing with individual atoms, this number is sometimes insufficient.   Because it's an average of several different types of isotopes, the value on the periodic table isn't the exact value for any single atom's atomic mass. The atomic masses for individual atoms must be calculated by taking into account the exact number of protons and neutrons in a single atom.

SUMMARY: Understand how atomic mass is represented. Locate atomic mass on the periodic table. Understand that periodic table values are an average atomic mass for an element.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: A good mood can change a “no” to a “yes.” You can encourage good moods by doing chores before your parents ask, talking about fun times you’ve shared, or listening together to their favorite music. It can be extra effective to talk about social events, like a school party, family gathering, or festival, where your parents had fun. This can help put them in a good mood. If you find that your parents are usually in a good mood in the morning, try to ask them after breakfast. Their after-breakfast mood will be more agreeable. If your parents are more active during the evening, aim for after dinner. A few days before asking your parents about going to the sleepover, ask them for something else you want but know they won't let you have. Say, ask them if you can adopt a dog from the animal shelter or have your own car. A few days later, when you're ready to ask your parents for the sleepover, they will be more likely to make this small concession after refusing your other, bigger request. By putting what your parents have told you in your own words and repeating it back to them, you will show your parents that you understand what they're saying and how they feel. This will help your chances of having a sleepover and changing your parents' minds. Your parents will see you're mature enough to try to listen to and understand their point of view.
Summary: Note your parents' mood. Observe your parents' daily routine. Make a big request first. Summarize what your parents tell you.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Typically, a male turtle will be more colorful and more outgoing than a female.   Males have a flat or concave plastron (bottom shell), and females have a flat or convex plastron, which allows more space for eggs. Females will also almost always be larger.  Among water turtles, size is also a good indicator:  males are smaller than their female counterparts.  Also, male sliders have long claws on their front legs. When it comes to box turtles, males generally have bigger, fatter tails, and a vent (cloaca) that's further from the shell than the female's. Turtles are not able to breed until they've reached sexual maturity.  When it comes to water turtles, males should be at least three years old, and females need to be about five years old.  Neither male nor female box turtles will breed before they're at least five years old. Don't plan to breed a recently acquired turtle.  Wait at least a year. To increase the chances for successful breeding, it's suggested that you cool your turtles.  Nesting season can run from March through June, so the cooling period actually needs to take place January into February for water turtles and December through February for box turtles.  Keep turtles at a temperature between 50 and 60 degrees Fahrenheit for six to eight weeks for water turtles and eight to 12 weeks for box turtles. Leave the turtles alone during this period.  You can make food available, but they'll eat little or nothing at all. If your turtles live in an outdoor pond, you can take advantage of the natural cooling that wintertime offers and allow them to hibernate. After the cooling period has ended, return your turtles' habitat to its regular temperature. It's particularly important that your turtles eat well during the breeding season.  In addition to their regular diet, be sure the females get enough calcium and Vitamin D3.  A healthy diet for a water turtle will contain some combination of:  earthworms, snails, well-washed butter lettuce, melon, bananas, strawberries, blueberries, vegetable scraps, peas, tomatoes, cooked sweet potatoes, dandelion flowers and leaves and mulberry leaves. A box turtle has the same basic diet as a water turtle, but the menu could also include  whole feeder goldfish, crickets, kale, boiled egg, corn on the cob, chopped and steamed broccoli and lots of green leafy vegetables. You can meet your turtles' need for calcium but putting a Cuttle fish bone to be nibbled on in the their habitat, or you can feed them calcium supplements. Turtles that are kept outdoors don't need additional Vitamin D3; they make plenty of their own.  But indoor turtles need exposure to a full spectrum reptile light or a D3 supplement.

SUMMARY:
Be sure you have a male and a female turtle. Be sure your turtles are sexually mature. Cool your turtles. Feed your turtles well.