Q: A flipbook consists of a number of sheets of paper, usually bound at one edge, that creates the illusion of motion when you grasp the opposite edge with your thumb and flip through the pages. The more sheets of paper in the flipbook, the more realistic the motion appears to be. (A live-action motion picture uses 24 frames/images for each second, while most animated cartoons use 12.) You can make the actual book one of several ways:  Staple or bind sheets of typing or construction paper together. Use a notepad. Use a pad of sticky notes. You can make the images in your flipbook animation one of several ways:  Draw them by hand. If you do this, start with simple images (stick figures) and backgrounds and gradually tackle more complex drawings. You'll need to take care that the backgrounds are consistent from page to page to avoid a jittery appearance when you flip the pages. Photographs. You can take a number of digital photos, then print them out on sheets of paper and bind them together, or use a software application to create a digital flipbook. It's easiest to do this if your camera has a burst picture mode that lets you take a number of pictures as you hold down the button. Digital video. Some newlywed couples choose to create coffee-table flipbooks of their wedding, using a portion of the video shot during their wedding. Extracting individual video frames requires using a computer and video editing software, and many couples choose to upload their videos to online companies such as FlipClips.com. If you've been hand-drawing the images in an already-bound notepad, the assembly is done for you. Otherwise, arrange the images with the first image at the bottom of the stack and the last image at the top and bind the sheets together. You may want to experiment with leaving out or rearranging a few of the images to make the animation appear jerkier or change the animation pattern before you bind the book together. Bend the pages upward with your thumb and release them at an even speed. You should see a moving image. Pen-and-ink animators use a similar technique with preliminary drawings before coloring and inking them. They lay them one on top of each other, first to last, then hold down one of the edges as they flip through the drawings.
A: Get a number of sheets of paper you can flip through. Create the individual images. Assemble the images together. Flip through the pages.

Q: You could make it out of cardboard, fabric, or rope. It can be as simple as wrapping a piece of wood with some rope and gluing the ends. Scratching posts can help keep your cat’s nails under control, so you won't have to cut her nails as frequently. You can attach the scratching post to a piece of plywood, creating a play area for your cat that you can then add to — many cats would also enjoy a carpet square glued to the plywood to scratch at. Some cats like to scratch vertical surface, others horizontally. Watch you cat and offer her the orientation she prefers. Buy cat toys for enrichment for your pet. Find time after your cat has eaten to play with him. Think about attaching the toys to the scratching post so that the fun area is all in one place (and you don’t have to go chasing after the cat toys). Taking a cat brush or two, pull the handle and back off the brush. Using glue, attach the section with the tines to a piece of wood or heavy cardboard. This way your cat can rub against the brush whenever she desires. This can really help keep hair under control, particularly if you have a cat that sheds a lot. If you don’t want to make your own, there are commercial products you can buy that do the same thing. Cats often go crazy for catnip and it can really enhance their experience in the cat spa. If your cat seems to be having a bad day, catnip can cheer him up and bring up his energy levels. Cats like to run their bodies along different textures to massage themselves. Think about using pieces of different fabrics or carpets that you can glue or staple to heavy cardboard or wood pieces. It also might help keep your cat off the furniture! Cats enjoy the massaging, brushing action, and enrichment of a plastic cat spa, available online. They can rub their rub their faces against the massaging or brushing areas or go crazy with the catnip dispenser. If you don’t feel like making all of the different elements, this is a good option.
A: Choose material for a scratching post. Make a play area. Create a self-brushing station for your cat. Make a catnip toy to attach. Use different textures. Buy a cat spa and activity center.

Q: You can only divide numbers with exponents if they have the same base. If they don't have the same base, you'll have to manipulate them until they do, if it's possible. As a beginner, start with a sample problem in which both numbers with exponents already have the same base—for instance, 38 ÷ 35. Simply subtract the second exponent from the first. Don't worry about the base for now. In the sample problem: 8 - 5 = 3. Simply write the new exponent above the original base. That’s it! Therefore: 38 ÷ 35 = 33.
A: Make sure the exponents have the same base. Subtract the exponents. Place the new exponent above the original base.

Q: One of the most basic tips to get greater distance is to anchor (firmly press into the ground) your foot and your body behind the ball. The foot you must anchor is the foot that is behind the ball. For right handed players it will be the right foot, and the left foot for left handed players. If you lift your foot too soon when swinging the club you will lose power and distance in the shot. If you can’t touch your elbow to your hip, at least keep your arm close to your hip. By keeping the right arm close to the hip, you ensure the body will drive your arms and club through the ball impact. This will decrease the chances of your hands negatively influencing the shot. Keep your left arm close to your hip if you’re left-handed. Relax and keep your grip light. At the top of your backswing, make a slight pause and maintain a light grip through the swing. To keep a light grip, relax the muscles in your forearms and also your fingers. If you do this, you will create a faster, brisker swing release through the ball impact. This will result in a longer drive. Take deep, even breaths to help relax. By energetically rotating you hips on the downswing you will bring your core muscles into play. This will increase club head speed, and therefore will result in a longer drive. Make sure you do this in a controlled manner. Keep your foot anchored to prevent slicing the ball. Slicing the ball is when the golf ball curves dramatically from the left to the ball after a shot. Do this to achieve a longer drive. A common failure amongst golfers is bringing the driver too far back during the backswing. This causes a loss in control of the club. A powerful, more controlled swing can achieved by controlling your wrists and rotating your body into the shot, thus resulting in a more distance. Your hands should be level with your shoulders when you bring the club back.
A:
Anchor your foot. Touch your elbow to your hip. Relax your muscles. Rotate your hips vigorously. Use a short controlled backswing.