Summarize the following:
Check the level of your cat’s water bowl at the start of each day. See if your cat has started to drink more water on a daily basis. You can also tell if your cat’s water intake has increased by watching to see if you are cleaning out more wet litter than normal. Most cats are very efficient at processing water and don’t require very much of it, so increased urinating and drinking can be a sign of kidney problems.  When a cat has kidney disease, they lose more water when they urinate, so they need to drink more water to compensate. This is because the kidneys struggle to concentrate urine and conserve water in the blood. Cats who eat wet food will need even less water than cats who eat dry food. They will get some of their water directly out of the wet food. That’s one reason why wet food is generally best if you suspect kidney issues. If your cat refuses to eat, it’s possible that it is trying to avoid stomach pain. Uremia is a painful inflammation of the stomach that can result from kidney issues. A cat suffering from uremia will likely have a reduced appetite and may even vomit blood if ulcers have developed. Uremia develops, in part, because the kidneys no longer efficiently remove toxins from your cat’s blood. If your cat has developed sore gums or ulcers due to kidney issues, then it will likely not want to clean its fur. Your cat might even stopping grooming itself entirely. As a result, your cat’s fur may look dull or unclean in appearance. Most cats love to sleep. So, the important thing here is to notice if your cat sleeps more than normal or lacks interest in games that it previously enjoyed. If your cat lacks energy, it’s possible that it has developed anemia or has low potassium levels due to kidney problems. The buildup of waste may also make your cat feel unwell.  A diseased kidney can contribute to blood problems by no longer supporting the regeneration of blood cells in your cat’s body, being unable to conserve electrolytes like potassium, and being unable to remove toxic waste from the body. Another sign of kidney-related anemia is if your cat’s eyelids are dull or white in color instead of a healthy pink.

summary: Monitor your cat’s drinking habits. Watch for vomit or disinterest in food. Notice if your cat’s fur is matted or unpleasant smelling. Take note if your cat seems consistently lethargic.


Summarize the following:
Traditional pruno made by inmates is made with few supplies and the ingredients that are available in prison. But at home, you can also make your own version of pruno using all the convenient equipment and ingredients available in a modern kitchen. To make artisan pruno at home, you'll need:  Immersion blender Wooden spoon Large saucepan Small bowl One-gallon (3.8-L) sealable plastic bag Clean bath towel Heating pad Strainer Cheesecloth Large bowl Funnel Large sterile bottle or jar with lid Combine the apple and orange chunks, plus the fruit cocktail and raisins, in a large saucepan. Use the immersion blender to puree the fruit until it’s juicy and pulpy, but still has some bite-sized chunks in it. Make sure to move the immersion blender around in the bowl as you blend, to ensure the fruit is pureed evenly. When the fruit is ready, add the 1 cup (225 g) of sugar and 2 cups (474 ml) of the water and stir to combine. Put on the lid, transfer the fruit mixture to the stove, and bring it to a boil over medium heat, stirring frequently to prevent burning. Once the fruit comes to a boil, let it simmer for 30 minutes to kill any bacteria that may be present. Continue stirring the mixture regularly. After the fruit boils for 30 minutes, remove it from the heat and let it cool. You don’t want it completely cold, but slightly above room temperature to help the yeast flourish. As the fruit cools, continue stirring from time to time so it cools evenly. The cooling process will take about 30 minutes to an hour. Combine the yeast, the 1 cup of warm water, and the 3 teaspoons of sugar in a bowl. Set the bowl aside for five to 10 minutes to let it activate. As the yeast comes to life, it will begin to froth and bubble in the bowl. Pour the yeast mixture over the fruit and stir to fully combine. Transfer the mixture to the plastic bag. Press out as much air as you can, then seal the bag. It’s important to warm the fruit mixture because the yeast will die if it gets too cold. Wrap the fruit mixture in a clean bath towel to help keep in the heat. Then place the towel on top of an electric heating pad turned to low temperature. Transfer the fruit, towel, and heating pad to a dark place, such as a closet.  If you don’t have an electric heating pad, fill a hot water bottle with warm water. Be sure to check on the water ever six to 12 hours, and add fresh warm water as necessary when the bottle starts to get cold. The reason you have to keep the fruit mixture warm is so the yeast will stay alive to ferment the fruit and turn it to alcohol. As the yeast converts the sugars in the bag to alcohol and carbon dioxide, the bag will slowly fill up with gas. To prevent it from bursting, remove the bag from the towel once or twice a day and open the bag to release the gas and pressure.  Reseal the bag, wrap it back in the towel, and return it to its dark spot on the heating pad. When the mixture stops bloating, it means the yeast has converted all the sugar to alcohol and carbon dioxide, meaning the pruno is ready. This will take about five days. When the mixture has stopped bloating, it’s ready to strain. Place a cheesecloth-lined strainer over a bowl. Pour the fruit mixture into the strainer and let the juice drain down into the bowl. To get the most juice out, wring out the cheesecloth with the fruit still inside. Place the funnel inside the neck of a sterile glass jar or bottle. Pour the pruno into the bottle. Transfer the bottle to the fridge and allow it to chill for several hours or overnight. A large mason jar will work to store your pruno, or a large two-liter pop bottle.

summary: Gather your supplies. Puree the fruit. Boil the fruit, sugar, and water. Cool the fruit. Activate the yeast. Add the yeast and transfer the mixture to the bag. Store the mixture somewhere warm and dark. Burp the bag daily. Strain the pruno. Transfer to a bottle and chill before serving.


Summarize the following:
and drain 1 cup (175 g) of short-grain rice. Measure out 1 cup (175 g) of short-grain rice into a bowl and fill it with enough water to cover it completely. Stir the rice around with your hands, then drain it through a fine mesh strainer. Repeat the process until the water you drain away is clear and not cloudy anymore. Rinsing rice removes all the starch from the outside and makes it less sticky. When the water runs clear, it means you have washed away all the starch. Set the pot with the rice and milk on a burner on the stovetop. Turn the burner’s heat to medium-high, then bring the mixture to a boil, stirring frequently. Turn the heat down to low so the mixture is just simmering. Put a lid on the pot to cover it. Make sure that the rice and milk are simmering gently while covered. If the mixture starts to boil, decrease the heat further so the milk doesn’t get absorbed too fast. Continue to let the rice and milk cook until it has thickened but there is still creamy liquid visible. Stir the pot after the first 10 minutes and after 18 minutes to mix the rice and milk together and check the consistency.
summary: Rinse Bring the mixture to a boil over medium-high heat. Reduce the heat to low and cover the pot. Simmer the mixture over low heat for about 20-25 minutes, stirring twice.