Open a can of sweetened condensed milk and pour the contents into a nine-inch pie plate. Cover the pie plate with foil. A larger pie plate or large roasting pan will do. Add hot water to the baking dish until it comes halfway up the pie plate. After the first hour, check on the confection frequently until it reaches the desired consistency and caramel color. Remove it from the oven when you are happy with the dulce de leche, or until it has achieved the color of peanut butter.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Preheat your oven to 425 F (218 C). Place the pie plate in a larger baking dish. Check every 15 minutes.


A ligament holds together joints by attaching two pieces of bone together. They allow your joints to hinge, but when they hinge too far they can tear, causing ankle sprains. Taping your ankle prevents these ligaments from moving too far, which keeps them from suffering further damage. Taping your ankle can be done to mitigate an injury as well as prevent damage. For example, if you are playing a soccer game on a wet, slippery surface, you might tape your ankle ahead of time to protect your foot from slipping or rolling. You do not have to have a pre-existing injury to benefit from taping your ankle. Ankle braces function the same way as a good tape job, but you do not have to apply the tape before every practice or game. They may even be more cost effective then taping if you need to tape your ankle every day throughout an entire sports season. Taping your ankle is only effective for minor injuries or preventing future injuries. It is not a cure-all for ankle pain or major ligament damage. If you have constant or shooting pain, it is time to take a break from athletic activity and see an athletic trainer or orthopedic specialist.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Know that an ankle sprains happen when you damage ligaments. Tape your ankle before practices and games to prevent injury. Consider buying an ankle brace if you have chronic pain. See a sports medicine professional to diagnose chronic or extreme pain.


Gaining perspective on the disorder through education is very important, because there are quite a few misconceptions regarding OCD. It is important to challenge these misconceptions, as they are likely to get in the way of a fulfilling relationship with your loved one. One of the most popular misconceptions is that people with OCD can control their obsessions and compulsions – which is not the case. For instance, if you believe they can change their behavior whenever they want to, you will only get frustrated when they don’t. Getting educated about OCD can help you more easily accept that your loved one has it. This can be a painful process, but when you know the facts it will be easier to be objective, rather than emotional and pessimistic. Acceptance will allow you be productive and turn your attention to future treatment options, rather than ruminate on the past.  Understand common types of rituals and compulsions such as: hand washing, religious behaviors (such as praying a scripted prayer exactly 15 times in order to prevent something bad from happening), counting, and checking (for example, checking to make sure you locked the door).  Young people with OCD may be more likely to disengage in activities or avoid them altogether due to fear of obsessions or compulsive behaviors. They may also have difficulty with daily living (cooking, cleaning, bathing, etc), and higher anxiety levels overall. In order to be able to help someone with OCD, you may benefit from understanding the ins and outs of the disorder. You can't expect to help someone with OCD before you know about it and understand it to some degree.  There are many books on the topic, as well as large amounts of information online.  Just make what you are reading is a credible academic or medical source. You can also ask your general practitioner or mental health specialist for some clarification.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary -- Dispel your misconceptions about OCD to gain perspective on your loved one. Learn about OCD to accept your loved one's condition. Continue to learn and gain a deeper education about OCD to help your loved one effectively.


Urine analyzers have seen it all and know to test for commercially available test-masking chemicals. Most household substances, such as bleach, salt or vinegar, will radically alter the pH of your urine, which will make it obvious that you have tampered with the sample. Diluting the sample by adding water can also raise red flags by changing the color and/or temperature of your urine; a clear sample will probably be rejected offhand, as will a lukewarm one.  Ignore the rumor going around that drinking bleach will purify your urine. Drinking bleach can corrode your mouth, throat, and stomach, potentially killing you. What's more, it won't even mask your sample. Don't fall for false advertising on products that say your test will come up negative if you add the substance to your urine. They don't work. By increasing your intake of liquids, you will be able to (somewhat) dilute the test sample. This won't work very well if you're a heavy user, but it could do the trick if you've only used a few times.  There's no special drink or ingredient that will help to "flush" your system or cleanse you any better than water does. There is no evidence that substances like goldenseal, vinegar, niacin, or vitamin C have any effect on your levels of drug metabolites.  Take some vitamin B pills the day before your test to make your urine look yellow. If it's too clear, test evaluators will be suspicious. This will help pump drug metabolites from your body. Drink a lot of water the morning of the test and make an extra effort to pee a lot before you take it.  Boost your fluid output with some sort of diuretic. This will stimulate urination and will help flush your system. Diuretics include coffee, tea, and cranberry juice. Stronger diuretics, such as furosemide, are available by prescription only. Drug metabolites build up in your body while you're sleeping, so your first stream of the day will have a higher concentration. Make sure you urinate before you have to take the sample, and drink plenty of water so your urine will be more diluted. If you aren't being watched, make sure to pee in the toilet first and then in the sample cup; your initial urine stream will contain more metabolites. This is a lot trickier than it sounds, so consider it a last-ditch attempt (and one for which you'll likely be penalized if you get caught). You can either buy fake urine or find a clean donor. The trick will be to maintain the sample at the proper temperature for the urinalysis (around 91 to 97 F) and smuggle it into the testing area. Kits containing both fake urine and the equipment needed to keep it at the right temperature can be purchased online or in smoke shops.  Synthetic urine passes most tests, but some states have started testing for uric acid. Make sure your sample has uric acid listed as an ingredient. The synthetic urine should also have a smell. Scentless urine is suspicious to test evaluators. It's essential to keep the sample at the right temperature. If the temperature is too cold or hot, it's a dead giveaway that the sample has been tampered with. Using a donor is more risky than using fake urine, because you never know what else might show up in that person's test. You can test it yourself using a test strip available at smoke shops and most drugstores. Use the sample within 48 hours, after which it gets dark in color and the pH level begins to change.
++++++++++
One-sentence summary --
Don't try to mask or dilute the sample. Drink a lot of water starting the day before the test. Urinate as much as possible before the test. Consider substituting synthetic or clean urine for your own.