INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Odds are, you are addicted to something — texting, chocolate, internet gambling, whatever it may be.  How easy would it be for you to stop?  Drug addiction is not simply a case of a lack of willpower or low moral fiber.  A whole range of chemical and psychological processes take place that can make getting hooked much easier than getting free.  No, you don’t have to give someone a “free pass” for being addicted to drugs.  At some point, they made a choice and could have done otherwise.  However, the better you understand the nature of addiction and the difficulty in breaking the cycle, the better prepared you will be to prevent and/or help deal with drug abuse. Becoming addicted is a process, and so is ending addiction. The "biopsychosocial model" has been around for nearly forty years, and, as the long name indicates, deals with the range of biological, psychological, and social factors that combine to influence health and illness.  The model also applies to drug abuse, as any one of these three factors can fuel addiction, while the combination of them can be especially difficult to overcome.  Some people are more biologically disposed toward drug addiction, based on how the drug affects their bodies.  No two people will experience a drug in the exact same way, and some will respond more strongly to the blocking or activating of neurotransmitter receptors (see the step below for more on this topic).  This process can trigger a stronger need for more of the drug. Many of the same psychological profiles — impulsiveness, lack of confidence, depressive tendencies, etc. — that can make people more likely to use drugs can also make them more likely to become addicted.  People with difficulties in analyzing costs versus benefits are also more prone to addiction, as they cannot as effectively weigh the pros and cons. The social / environmental factors that support trying drugs, such as peer pressure, lack of opportunity, or lack of adequate support networks, also increase the likelihood of addiction. All drugs (and addictive substances in general) affect the signals sent from and received by the brain; the unique properties of each drug varies the impact.  Addiction is, in a sense, a process of “fooling” the brain and, over time, “teaching” it to need ever more of the substance.  This is a major reason why stopping drug abuse is not simply a matter of motivation.  Marijuana and heroin, for example, have structures similar to neurotransmitters, the “chemical messengers” that carry signals between the brain and the rest of the body.  As such, they can trick both receptors in the brain and nerve centers in the body, creating responses to conditions that do not actually exist. Meanwhile, drugs like cocaine and methamphetamine trigger a release of neurotransmitters, especially dopamine, which overstimulate regions of the brain responsible for movement, emotion, motivation, and feelings of pleasure.  The sense of euphoria that comes from this overstimulation of the brain’s “reward system” can become a self-reinforcing pattern, where the brain needs ever more of the stimulation to recreate the euphoric response. Some people reject the notion of drug addiction as a disease, because they feel it absolves any guilt on the part of the person with the condition.  However, a whole host of diseases are impacted at least in part by our choices, and drug abuse is no different.  And, like many other diseases, it can be managed.  Drug addiction can be categorized as a chronic brain disease because it turns something that was once voluntary into something essentially involuntary.  Addiction begins with a choice, but that choice is, for all intents and purposes, removed from the equation.  That’s why wanting to stop is not enough on its own to break the grip of addiction. Diseases like diabetes or asthma, to name but a couple of examples, can often be effectively managed with the right combination of treatments, support, and desire.  The same is true with drug addiction.  Help is available to those who need it and want it. Drugs and alcohol mimic the essential need for a relationship with the Creator through a ”pseudospiritual” sense of connection and transcendence, and a false sense of “good” that in actuality leads to greater dissatisfaction, emptiness, despair and eventually death. Intimacy with G-d is the way to fill the existential loneliness felt by the addict, then followed with healthy relationships with the self and others. Although taking care of the body is important, the solution for addiction is primarily on the spiritual and altruistic plane. Self-centeredness is what fuels most problems and without a profound character change or spiritual awakening, the addict will continue to use drugs and alcohol in spite of all consequences, sincere desires to stop, or obvious necessity. They will often suffer a delusional belief or “insanity” that they can handle it “this time.” One major problem the addict faces is he is overwhelmed with the thought that there is nothing to live for without the drugs, and he often can’t yet conceive of a life of happiness. So there is no way to fully replace and satisfy the sense of loss when the substances are removed without some meaningful form of pleasure that exceeds the quality of the pleasure experienced while under the influence. Spiritual pleasure through the transformation of character provides this unique “connection” sought which can correct the pursuit of all unhealthy pleasures.

SUMMARY: Don’t judge too harshly. Learn about biopsychosocial forces. Study the neurobiology of addiction. View addiction as a chronic brain disease. Consider the spiritual aspect of drug addiction.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: “Slow toilet” can mean one of two things. Either the bowl isn’t filling quickly, or it isn’t draining quickly. If you’re dealing with the latter, the drain is likely clogged. You’ll need to unclog the toilet. If the bowl isn’t filling quickly enough, it could be an issue with the tank, like a low water level. The tank is the upright portion of the toilet, where you find the flushing handle. Lay the tank cover on the floor carefully; the heavy porcelain can potentially damage your floors. The flapper is a piece of plastic or rubber which sits over the valve at the bottom of the tank. Unless your toilet isn’t flushing at all, there should be a chain connecting this to the trip lever, a small arm running from the flushing handle.  The chain should have just enough slack for the flapper to rest over the valve, sealing it. But it should be tight enough to lift the flapper when the flushing handle is used. When you flush the toilet, the flapper should stay open for 2-3 seconds. Otherwise, the bowl won't be getting enough water. Performing this adjustment is rather simple. The chain should run through a hole in the flushing handle. You can easily disconnect the chain, and place a different link through the hole to adjust the chain’s overall length. The chain should be left with about half an inch of slack. Adjusting the chain means you may come into contact with the water in the toilet’s tank. As long as you wash your hands afterwards, this is perfectly safe.
Summary: Find the source of the problem. Lift the tank cover. Check the chain connecting the flushing handle to the flapper. Adjust the chain if needed.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: You must fly, if you walk or surf there, the glitch will not work. You must surf at only one 'square row' east from the land. Make sure it is a real Pokémon and not a glitch Pokémon, which may cause unwanted side effects.

SUMMARY:
Place Pokémon in your party that know Fly and Surf. Talk to the Old Man at the north of Viridian City and ask him to show you how to catch Pokémon. Fly to Cinnabar Island. Surf directly on the east coast of Cinnabar Island. Catch a Pokémon over level 100 when it appears. Make the Pokémon win a battle and it will revert to level 100.