Sugar-free gum helps to stimulate saliva production. This will help stop your mouth from drying out. A dry mouth often leads to bad breath because bacteria responsible for the foul odor aren’t washed away. Gum can also help remove food particles from the crevasses of your teeth. Sugar-free gum isn’t a substitute for proper oral hygiene. Don’t stop brushing your teeth and flossing. It is possible to get natural gums made from peppermint and other herbs, which will help mask the smell of bad breath in addition to removing matter from your teeth. These herbs won’t clean your teeth, but they will counter your bad breath with a strong scent. This works in the short term, but shouldn’t be viewed as a long-term solution. You’ll also want to beware of debris from these herbs in your teeth. You don’t want to trade bad breath for large chunks of parsley in your teeth. Nuts have a powerful aroma and the abrasive texture of them will help remove any residual food particles left on your teeth, tongue or gums. Dill and fennel seeds mask odors magnificently. Anise is a licorice-flavored seed that actually has antiseptic properties.
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One-sentence summary -- Chew some sugar-free gum. Chew herbs like mint, parsley, basil, or wintergreen. Chew nuts and seeds.


You can sprinkle glitter onto fabric glue to stick it to the garment, and then coat the glitter in turn with a water-and-fabric-glue mixture to give the glitter a protective outer layer. Glitter often flakes off when it brushes against things, so a coating of glue can help freeze the individual particles. First, dilute the fabric glue a little by adding water. There is no set proportion; just dilute it enough that it is easy to apply with a paintbrush. The mixture should be neither pasty nor thin. Put a newspaper at the back of the fabric on which you want to work. Use a synthetic painting brush to spread, drip, or dab the glue onto the glitter areas. Take care that the glitter doesn't come off as you brush on the mixture. Make sure to cover all of the glitter. Lay out the garment in a dry, warm, ventilated spot. Make sure that there aren't any wrinkles in the fabric, or else the glue may preserve these wrinkles for the ages. Once the glue-water coating is dry, your clothing should be ready to wear.
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One-sentence summary -- Use fabric glue to fix the glitter in place. Make a glue-and-water mixture. Brush the mixture onto the glitter. Let the glue dry for 24 hours.


Cats are certainly adept at communicating when they’re angry—hissing, growling, flattening their ears, and fur standing on end is hard to miss. However, general aggression is just one of many behaviors associated with a frightened cat. Other behaviors to look for include:  Hiding or running away Freezing in place Releasing anal glands, urine, or stool Not using the litter box Your cat may have a consistent set of triggers—such as sounds, people, etc.—that cause the fearful reaction. In many cases, you may be able to help the cat adjust by simply reducing the cat’s exposure to the trigger of the fear or aggression. Common examples include:  Loud sounds or quick, unexpected movements Strange or new environments Unfamiliar people or animals Active, unpredictable children Stressful events (moving and trips to the vet, especially) For many stimuli that trigger a fearful response in your cat, the answer is simply to give your cat some time and space alone. If the stressful occurrence caused your cat to hide in her carrier or another favorite hiding spot, then leave her be. She’ll get over it accordingly.  Note that while a sound might make her hide for a few minutes, something like moving to a new home might make her scarce for days. Make sure she has access to food, water, and her litter box to use nearby.  Trying to force your cat out of a hiding spot before she’s ready will only stress her out more and amplify the fearful response. Don’t take it personally as though she’s afraid of you. When helping an aggressive or fearful cat after a move, you may want to introduce her to the new home one room at a time. Start with a calm secluded room where you can put her carrier, toys, food/water, and litter box (on the other side of the room from the food/water). Cats respond to few things as well as food. If your cat has a fearful response to a friend or a new roommate who you’d really like the cat to bond with, then put that person on food and treat duty. Start by having the person fill the cat’s food dish and then simply sit on the other side of the room without making eye contact or otherwise paying any attention to the cat. Have the person move slightly closer over the course of several repetitions.  Have the person give her treats as well. Set the treat out where your cat can see it and then move away to a similar distance, moving closer over time. Your cat will begin to associate this person with good things instead of treating the person as a fear trigger.  Remember to let your cat set her own pace. Luring her out is not the same as forcing her. Ultimately, she needs to choose to come toward the person. Cats love to be up above the action where they can look down and survey in safety. If the fearful response stems from an overactive toddler or a new animal in the house, then a cat tower where your cat can retreat is a great option. Even the option of a cat tower can help calm your cat. Your cat is much more likely to respond fearfully to a situation if she feels cornered. If she always knows that she has her tower to escape to, then she’s less likely to respond aggressively when she can just run away to her safe spot.
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One-sentence summary -- Recognize signs of a fearful cat. Isolate the cat’s fear triggers. Give your cat space. Use food to motivate your cat. Provide a high perch.


The tactics and logistics are necessary, and you may need to teach them if you are coaching beginners. Teach the rules. Your players cannot play well if they do not understand the rules of volleyball, and you risk losing points, not to mention games. Make sure your team knows what they can and cannot do, what gets them points and what results in penalties. Talk to your players supportively, and if you are coaching children, talk to parents openly so they know what is going on at practice. Keeping your communication positive rather than competitive will demonstrate that you have the best interests of the players in mind and provide a model of good sportsmanship. This is especially important if you are coaching kids. The Socratic method of coaching uses questions to get players to think critically on their own. This may be a slower method, but it yields better results. Ultimately, players need to make high-level decisions themselves when on the court. For example:  "Carl, what do you think you can do differently to make your serve stronger?" "OK, everyone, what do you think we're going to focus on in this drill?" Including players in decisions builds trust and encourages them to think critically about the game. For example, during a timeout you can ask the team for feedback on their opponents and suggestions for strategy. For example, "We need to . . ." Keep it pithy. You can easily lose your players' attention if you talk too much, too generally. Concentrate your verbal feedback on helping each player focus on what's important in the moment.
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One-sentence summary --
Make sure everyone on your team understands the game. Be communicative. Coach Socratically. Coach democratically. When talking to players, use "I" and "we" rather than "you," which puts them on the defensive.