Q: The simplest way to calculate nominal GDP growth is by analyzing two consecutive periods. For this type of calculation, the formula is simply the  one for percent change. Specifically, it is NGDP Growth=NGDPx−NGDPx−1NGDPx−1{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}={\frac {NGDP_{x}-NGDP_{x-1}}{NGDP_{x-1}}}}. In the formula, NGDPx{\displaystyle NGDP_{x}} represents the later period and NGDPx−1{\displaystyle NGDP_{x-1}} is the earlier.  Enter your own data to calculate nominal GDP growth. For example, if NGDP were $200 billion one period and $210 the next, your equation would be: NGDP Growth=$210B−$200B$200B{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}={\frac {\$210B-\$200B}{\$200B}}} Simply perform the subtraction and division specified by the equation to solve. Your answer will be a decimal and must be multiplied by 100 to arrive at your growth rate in percentage form.  Using the previous example, the equation would first solve to NGDP Growth=$10B$200B{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}={\frac {\$10B}{\$200B}}}. Then, dividing gives NGDP Growth=0.05{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=0.05}. Finally, multiply by 100 to get NGDP Growth=5%{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=5\%}. Your nominal GDP growth rate between the two periods is 5 percent. Cumulative growth refers to the total growth in nominal GDP between non-consecutive periods. It is calculated the same way as consecutive growth, by substituting NGDPx{\displaystyle NGDP_{x}} for a later period and NGDPx−1{\displaystyle NGDP_{x-1}} for the earlier one. Use the method described for calculating simple NGDP growth to find cumulative growth.  For example, imagine that a record of nominal GDP growth shows a value of $200 billion one year and $280 billion five years later. The cumulative growth can be calculated as 40 percent using the above method. Average growth can show you how much a figure grew each period during a longer time period. You might think that the average growth would simply be the cumulative growth divided by the number of periods, but this is not the case. Average growth is calculated using a different formula.  The formula, specific to calculating NGDP, can be expressed as NGDP Growth=(NGDPxNGDPx−1)1t−1{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=({\frac {NGDP_{x}}{NGDP_{x-1}}})^{\frac {1}{t}}-1}.The variable t{\displaystyle t} represents the number of time periods.  So, continuing with the cumulative growth example, we would have NGDP Growth=($280B$200)15−1{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=({\frac {\$280B}{\$200}})^{\frac {1}{5}}-1}. This would then simplify to NGDP Growth=(1.4)15−1{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=(1.4)^{\frac {1}{5}}-1}. Then, the exponent can be solved by raising 1.4 to the power of 1 divided by 5, or 0.2. This is done on a calculator using the exponent button or can be entered into a search engine as "1.4^0.2". The result is 1.0696 when rounded to four decimal places. This leaves the equation as NGDP Growth=1.0696−1{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=1.0696-1}. So, the result is NGDP Growth=0.0696{\displaystyle {\text{NGDP Growth}}=0.0696}. Multiplying by 100, we get the average growth rate over the time period, which is 6.96 percent.
A: Set up your equation. Calculate simple GDP growth. Find cumulative growth over a longer time period. Convert cumulative growth to average growth.

Article: You won't be able to concentrate well in school if you keep on having to mess with your bangs. Luckily, bobby pins and headbands come in many different colors and patterns—try getting some that match your outfit or your school's colors. You can use a metal or plastic headband, or a cloth one that wraps around your entire head. Headbands work on just about any hair length. For a chic, boho look, choose a flower crown or wrap a colorful scarf around your head, like a headband. You can purchase some simple clip-on bows and put then right above a ponytail, or you can tie a ribbon around the end of a braid. Keep up the school spirit by choosing your school colors. Putting a massive flower on your hair for school might be a bad idea because it might not only get you into trouble, but it might also earn you a few mean laughs. Consider using a small hair accessory or two instead.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Use bobby pins and headbands to keep your bangs out of the way. Keep your hair back with a headband. Look cute and girly with a few bows. Avoid using too many or too big accessories.

Problem: Article: Go through your windup normally, with a normal fastball motion until you reach your release point. The knuckleball should look like a fastball until the pitcher reveals the ball right before his release. You don't want to tip your pitches to the batter. Don't alter your arm slot or anything else. This can reduce the chance your knuckleball will knuckle and end up as a soft lob. This is essential to getting minimal amount of spin. Throwing a fastball, you usually move your wrist down as you release the ball, creating steady spin on the ball and causing it to travel straight, more or less. Throwing a knuckleball, you try to do the opposite, because you don't want spin.  Extend your fingertips out as you release the ball. This will minimize spin. Try to let your knuckles be the topmost point of your hand as you release. Having your knuckles at the very top of your hand will ensure that less spin is created when you release the ball. Let the ball slip through your hands by releasing your thumb from the grip. Follow through and end as if you are throwing any other pitch.
Summary: Keep a fast arm motion. Keep your wrist up as you release the pitch. Perfect your release.

Q: Aprons can be short, around the lap and waist, or tall, covering the majority of the front of your body. This tutorial uses an apron pattern that covers most of the torso, but you can use a similar process with your own pattern. You will need to have 1/2 yard (46 cm) of 2 types of fabric to finish your apron. You can also use fabric scraps for the strips and larger pieces of fabric for the body. You should use different fabric from the front apron square. Try to use coordinating, but different fabrics for all of your strips because they will be sewn onto the front square of your apron.  You need 4 strips that are 3 inches wide and 18 inches (8 by 47 cm) long.
A:
Find an apron pattern that you like. Find 2 to 4 types of coordinating, but different fabric. Cut a strip of fabric 3 inches wide and 16 inches (8 by 41 cm) long. Cut another strip of fabric that is 3 inches wide and 18.5 inches (8 by 47 cm) long. Cut your ties.