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Using tobacco products is a leading cause of infertility among both men and women. Women who smoke risk aging their ovaries and depleting their eggs prematurely. In men, smoking is associated with reduced sperm counts, decreased sperm mobility, and even misshapen sperm.  Remember that if 1 partner smokes, the other is probably inhaling some smoke. Try to quit as a couple for the best chance of getting pregnant. Smoking has all kinds of other health risks, so quitting will have many benefits besides increased fertility. Quitting all at once is rarely the most effective way to stop smoking for good. Consult your doctor concerning the best smoking cessation aids that are also safe for a couple trying to conceive. Heavy drinking can cause ovulation disorders in women, making it more difficult to pinpoint when you are most fertile. In men, heavy drinking is associated with lower levels of testosterone, which can lead to decreased sperm counts and even impotence. You should always drink in moderation and consider cutting out alcohol entirely while trying to conceive. Moderate drinking is considered 2 drinks per day for men and 1 drink per day for women. Keep your drinking within these ranges for a healthy reproductive system. Many lubricants contain chemicals that will kill sperm or make it more difficult for sperm to reach the woman’s egg. If possible, avoid using extra lubricant while you're trying to conceive.  If you do have to use lubricant, make sure it isn't spermicidal, which is designed to kill sperm. There are some fertility-friendly lubricants, like Pre-Seed, that are designed to avoid killing or inhibiting sperm. Use 1 of these products for a better chance of conception. STIs, especially chlamydia and gonorrhea, can cause infertility in both men and women. Both of these STIs can occasionally present asymptomatically (without warning signs), so it’s always a good idea for you and your partner to schedule an STI screening before you stop using condoms when you plan to conceive.  Always practice safe sex and use a condom before you're trying to get pregnant. This is especially important if you have more than 1 partner. If you get a bacterial STI, then it should be treatable with antibiotics. As long as you catch it early, it shouldn't cause any lasting damage. Consuming too much caffeine could cause fertility issues in women. While you’re trying to become pregnant, limit your intake of caffeine to less than 200 or 300 milligrams each day. This translates to about 1-2 cups of coffee per day. Remember that other drinks besides coffee contain caffeine. Tea, soda, and energy drinks can contain high amounts as well. Both women and men should limit exposure to chemicals and other toxins, which can lead to menstrual disorders in women and reduced, damaged sperm counts in men. Wear protective clothing and equipment whenever possible if you work with chemicals. Some of those to avoid include:  Nitrous oxide if you work as a dentist or dental assistant Organic solvents like those found in dry cleaning chemicals Agricultural chemicals Industrial and manufacturing chemicals Salon hair treatment chemicals to regulate your reproductive hormones. Stress is a normal part of life, but too much stress can make it harder for you to conceive. Take time every day to relieve your stress. This can help you keep your stress levels in check. For instance, you might try the following:  Meditate for 10 minutes. Color in an adult coloring book. Talk to a friend. Play with your pet. Read. Go for a nature walk. Heat around your scrotum can kill sperm and decrease your sperm production. Wear loose, breathable underwear (such as cotton) and avoid hot environments like saunas and hot tubs while you're trying to conceive.
Quit smoking or don't start at all. Reduce your alcohol consumption. Try to avoid using lubricant when you have sex. Avoid exposure to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Limit your caffeine to 200-300 mg per day if you're a woman. Avoid exposure to chemicals and toxins. Reduce stress Wear loose pants and underwear if you're a man.