Problem: Article: To determine what kind of pump you need, first measure across the width of the head of your waterfall. Then, measure vertically from the top of the waterfall to the water’s surface. Finish by deciding how quickly you want water to flow through the system. Use these numbers to calculate the correct pump rating you need for your waterfall.  Search for a waterfall pump calculator online, then plug in your estimates to figure out the minimum pump rating you need for your waterfall to function. A medium flow requires a pump discharge rate of 1,500 US gal (5,700 L) per hour, or gph. Use a 1,000 US gal (3,800 L) estimate for a slower flow and a 2,000 US gal (7,600 L) estimate for a heavier flow. On average, the pump needs to handle 1,500 US gal (5,700 L) per 1 ft (0.30 m) of width at your waterfall’s head. Check the owner’s manual with your pump for specific setup instructions. You usually need a rubber hose that is long enough to run from the pump to the top of your waterfall. Measure this distance as well as the opening on the pump. After getting a hose with the same size opening, fit it directly over the pump’s opening.  If your pump is inside an enclosure, use a 2 in (5.1 cm) hole saw to cut a few holes in the enclosure. Keep the holes about 4 in (10 cm) apart to let water into the pump. Plant the pump deeply inside the lower pond or basin and make sure the hose is long enough to reach the top of your waterfall. An easy way to build one is by using a heavy-duty, 3-sided plastic storage bin. Face the open end of the bin toward the waterfall and lower basin. Then, drill a hole the same size as the adapter on your hose. Finish the valve by connecting the hose using a rubber washer and a bead of silicone adhesive.  To secure the hose further, add a steel lock-nut and a hose clamp. Valves are a great way to get the water flowing down the waterfall, especially in a long stream. In most cases, valves are more for aesthetic purposes rather than a necessity for controlling the water flow. Rest the rocks on the edges of the ponds or basins, using them to pin the liner in place. Push them as close together as possible to hide the liner while preventing the water from splashing out. Also, arrange the rocks to cover the pump, hose, and other components you wish to hide. Place the rocks carefully to avoid blocking or crushing the hose and other components. They are heavy and have to be placed with care. Hide the components between the rocks instead of piling rocks on top of them. Place some medium-sized rocks at the top of the waterfall or over the steps in a stream. Arrange them in a semicircular pattern, if possible, along the edge of each drop. Flat rocks are a great choice in most waterfalls since they look good and are easy to fit together. Pile all of the rocks as closely together as possible so the water flows around them on its way down to the lower basin. Spread some expanding foam underneath the rocks as needed to hold them in place over the liner. Also, use the foam to fill in any gaps, forcing the water to move over the rocks instead of through them. Open up your bags of gravel and begin pouring them directly onto the underlayment. You need plenty of bags to cover over both basins and the waterfall, so don’t hold back. Make the gravel layer at least 3 in (7.6 cm) deep to hide the liner. When you’re done, smooth the gravel layer out as much as possible with your hands so it looks even.  Pack plenty of gravel and dirt around larger stones to help hold them in place. Remember that the gravel is much lighter than the larger stones, so it’s better for holding down and hiding hoses and other components. Spray down your entire waterfall until the water rises above the gravel and the pump underneath it. With water in the basin, you can safely activate the pump. Run the pump while continuing to spray the stones until the water looks clean. Tidy up your waterfall as needed before sitting down to enjoy its soothing sounds. Spraying the stones dislodges dirt and other debris in the waterfall. The rocks and pebbles help aerate and purify the water while it moves through the system.
Summary: Calculate the pump strength you need to circulate water. Install and connect the pump before placing it in the basin. Connect the upper chamber flow valve if you plan on using one. Line the outer edges of any basins with large boulders. Build the waterfalls by forming shelves out of rocks. Spread gravel and tamp it down to cover the rest of the liner. Wash the rocks with a gentle spray to fill the waterfall.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If you get a piece of mail delivered to the wrong address, that usually means that the mail delivery person put it in your mailbox by mistake. After picking up your mail, put the misdelivered item back in the box and put the red flag up. The flag on your mailbox signals to your mail carrier that you have outgoing mail in the box. If you happen to be around when your mail carrier is making their deliveries, you can give the misdelivered piece back to them directly. Explain that it was delivered to the wrong address. You can also bring the item to your local post office. When you return the item, don’t write “Return to sender” or any other messages on the package. Don’t erase or cover the address or any of the other information on the item, either.  Marking or erasing anything on the item could interfere with it going to the correct address. If the item does need to be returned to the sender rather than sent on to the intended recipient, the post office has its own authorized “Return to Sender” mark for this purpose.

SUMMARY: Put the item back in your mailbox. Hand the item back to your delivery person if you prefer. Don’t mark or write anything on the item.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Fever, vomiting, and dizziness are all symptoms of blood poisoning and toxic shock syndrome, both of which can be deadly. Call for emergency help immediately if you notice these symptoms. Tetanus (often called “lockjaw”) is a very serious infection that causes progressive muscle spasms. It can be fatal if untreated. While tetanus usually enters the body through deeper puncture wounds, any break in the skin can put you at risk. Check with your doctor to see if your tetanus vaccination is up to date, and whether you need a booster shot.  If you had a primary tetanus immunization in the past and the wound is clean, the doctor may still recommend a booster if your last booster shot was more than 10 years ago. If the wound is dirty or tetanus-prone, you should get a booster if haven’t had one in the last 5 years. If you never had a primary tetanus immunization, your doctor will want to give you the first vaccine dose. You’ll need to return in 4 weeks and again in 6 months to finish the series. If you can’t remember when you had your last booster shot, it’s best to be cautious and get one. If the infected wound limits your movement, your doctor may recommend physical therapy. The physical therapy will teach you to move and exercise in ways that reduce pain and scarring. This can help increase your range of motion after the infection heals. Blisters and scabs may develop on healing burns and infections. Avoid breaking, picking at, or bursting these blisters. Apply an antibacterial ointment to them, and apply a dry dressing over them. Many people apply aloe and calendula gels to burns to reduce scarring, but these should not be used if an infection develops. They may irritate or worsen the infection. Once the infection is gone, ask your doctor if it is safe to start using these on your wound.
Summary:
Get immediate medical help if your condition worsens. Get a tetanus booster. Undergo physical therapy. Avoid breaking blisters and scabs. Ask your doctor before using moisturizers on the wound.